{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T09:22:07Z","timestamp":1787995327155,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Medical Communications Sp. z.o.o.","issue":"101","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Ultrason"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: In patients with multiple myeloma, extramedullary myeloma manifestations can occur alongside bone marrow infiltration and osseous involvement. The aim of this study was to describe extramedullary myeloma manifestations using B-mode ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Material and methods: Between February 2006 and 2021, a total of 21 patients with multiple myeloma and histologically or clinically proven extramedullary myeloma manifestations (n = 24) were included. All patients underwent B-mode ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound of extramedullary myeloma manifestations. B-mode ultrasound patterns of location, size border characteristics, and echogenicity (hypoechoic\/isoechoic or hyperechoic) as well as contrast-enhanced ultrasound enhancement (hyper-, iso-, or hypoenhancement) were analyzed. Results: In most cases, extramedullary myeloma manifestations were located in the chest wall (n = 11; 45.8%). In all 24 cases, extramedullary myeloma manifestations were hypoechoic on B-mode ultrasound. N = 16 (66.6%) of extramedullary myeloma manifestations had smooth and n = 8 (33.3%) had irregular borders. The mean lesion size was 5.4 cm. On contrastenhanced ultrasound, extramedullary myeloma manifestations presented arterial hyper- (n = 20; 83.3%) or isoenhancement (n = 4; 16.7%) followed by parenchymal iso- (n = 1; 4.2%) or hypoenhancement (n = 23; 95.8%). In molecular genetic analysis, every patient with reliable FISH results tested positive for at least one aberration considered \u201chigh-risk\u201d. Conclusion: Extramedullary myeloma manifestations were typically hypoechoic on B-mode ultrasound. On contrast-enhanced ultrasound, they presented characteristic arterial hyperenhancement followed by parenchymal washout. All patients studied for the genetic risk status were found to be \u201chigh-risk\u201d.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15557\/jou.2025.0015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T11:15:16Z","timestamp":1747048516000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Presentation of extramedullary myeloma manifestations on B-mode (B-US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)"],"prefix":"10.15557","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4573-7802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinna","family":"Trenker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1900-5149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"G\u00f6rg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Interdisciplinary Ultrasound Center, University Hospital Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8411-8844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Burchert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6812-3563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina C.","family":"Westhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9775-3989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ehsan","family":"Safai Zadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Wien, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6382-6377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph F.","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Klinik Hirslanden, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0180-5452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hajo","family":"Findeisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rotes Kreuz-Krankenhaus Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7823-8428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Albagoush SA, Shumway C, Azevedo AM. 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