{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:19:57Z","timestamp":1792189197957,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The administration of high doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as tolfenamic acid (TA), has undesirable effects on different organs. Some novel biomarkers have been reported that can determine the gastrointestinal and renal injury caused by a high dose of NSAIDs or other toxic substances. This study was aimed at determining the changes in gastrointestinal (TFF2 and HYP), renal (NGAL and KIM-1) and cardiac (cTn-I, CK-MB) injury markers after the use of increasing intravenous doses of TA in sheep. TA was administered intravenously to groups of six sheep each, at the dose levels of 0 (Group 0, i.e., G0), 2 (G2), 4 (G4), 8 (G8) and 16 (G16) mg\/kg. The concentrations of the studied biomarkers were measured at 3, 9, 18 and 36 h after administration of TA. The TFF2 and NGAL concentrations in G16 were found to be significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) than in the other groups except for G8 at different sampling times. HYP concentration in G16 was observed to be significantly (P &lt; 0.05) lower than that in all other groups at 36 h. KIM-1 level in G16 was significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher than in all other groups at different sampling times. An increase in the renal markers, KIM-1 and NGAL, in G8 was observed before any change in plasma creatinine and urea. The cardiac marker cTn-I in G16 was significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher than in other groups at different sampling times. The results showed that the novel biomarkers (HYP, TFF2, NGAL, and KIM-1) can be used to determine gastric and renal injury in sheep.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2019.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]],"date-time":"2019-03-29T06:42:47Z","timestamp":1553841767000},"page":"87-97","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Changes in novel gastrointestinal and renal injury markers in the blood plasma of sheep following increasing intravenous doses of tolfenamic acid"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Ramazan","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy, 15030, Burdur, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orhan","family":"Corum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Department of 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Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamil","family":"Uney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, 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