{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T09:32:45Z","timestamp":1789464765866,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lyme borreliosis, granulocytic anaplasmosis and monocytic ehrlichiosis are well studied in humans and dogs. In horses, these diseases are not widely investigated and limited information is available about their occurrence. The purpose of this study was to present the first ELISA-based report on the seroprevalence of <jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp. and <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> in horses from Northern Bulgaria. A total of 192 horses were investigated from three regions in Northern Bulgaria (Northwestern, North-Central and Northeastern Bulgaria). All equine sera were tested for <jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp. and <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> antibodies by a commercial rapid ELISA test. Antibodies against <jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic> were found in all the three regions at a mean frequency of 12% (23\/192), ranging from 9.38 to 15.63% by region. Antibodies against <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp. were found in horses from one region (Northeastern) at a rate of 0.5% (1\/192). Anti<jats:italic>-B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> antibodies were detected in all the three regions with a mean frequency of 15.1% (29\/192), ranging from 14.06 to 17.19% by region. A co-exposure to <jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> was observed in 6.3% of the cases (12\/192). This is the first report on the natural exposure of horses to these bacteria (<jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> spp. and <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>) in Northern Bulgaria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2019.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]],"date-time":"2019-06-26T04:17:16Z","timestamp":1561522636000},"page":"197-203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi infections in horses: first report from Northern Bulgaria \u2013 Short communication"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Ilia","family":"Tsachev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Baymakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Infectious Diseases, Military Medical Academy, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Pantchev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Infectious Diseases, IDEXX Laboratories, Ludwigsburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21836\/PEM20160405"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21836\/PEM20160406"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"145","volume":"6","author":"Chandrashekar R.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Intern. 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