{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:08:32Z","timestamp":1777561712453,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"New National Excellence Program","award":["\u00daNKP-17-2-I-TAB-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-17-2-I-TAB-2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multidrug-resistant bacteria can cause severe nosocomial infections in both human and veterinary clinics. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and antibiotic susceptibility of <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> strains at four small animal clinics of Hungary in 2018, as these bacteria can reliably represent the level of antimicrobial resistance in the investigated environment. A total of 177 <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> colonies were found, including 22 <jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> and 13 <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>. As regards enterococci, 9 <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>, 2 <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic> and further 286 <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> strains were isolated. The number of <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> isolates (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 34) was considered too low for relevant susceptibility testing. Among staphylococci, the highest resistance was found to sulphamethoxazole (82.9%), penicillin (65.7%) and erythromycin (54.3%), while in the case of enterococci, resistance to norfloxacin and rifampicin was the most common, with 25.5% of the strains being resistant to both antibiotics. Ten methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>S. pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> (MRSP) and six vancomycin-resistant <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> (VRE) strains could be identified. Only 5.7% of the <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> isolates were susceptible to all tested agents, while this ratio was 36.2% among enterococci. The results of this study have revealed a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Hungarian small animal clinics, which highlights the importance of regular disinfection processes and stringent hygiene measures in veterinary clinics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2020.00055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T03:01:19Z","timestamp":1612321279000},"page":"387-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Investigation of the environmental presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria at small animal hospitals in Hungary"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"\u00c1d\u00e1m","family":"Kerek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1gnes","family":"Sterczer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Somogyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1785-3248","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"D\u00f3ra","family":"Kov\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1kos","family":"Jerzsele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref71","first-page":"369","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits in Enterococcus strains isolated from dogs and cats","volume":"38","author":"Iseppi","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Microbiol."},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1007\/s12668-019-00658-4","article-title":"World Health Organization report: current crisis of antibiotic resistance","volume":"9","author":"Talebi Bezmin Abadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioNanoSci."},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-020-02326-2","article-title":"Distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacterial species in stray cats, hospital-admitted cats, and veterinary staff in South Korea","volume":"16","author":"Jung","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Vet. 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