{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T05:08:46Z","timestamp":1747199326377,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AVet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study determined the choroidal thickness of senior (SN, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 24) and middle-aged (MA, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 17) healthy, mixed-breed mesocephalic dogs, both males (M) and females (F), using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The dogs were divided into two groups for examination: MA dogs (4\u20137 years old; 6\u2009M, 11\u2009F) and SN dogs (8\u201313 years old; 12\u2009M, 12\u2009F). Choroidal thickness of the dogs was investigated using SD-OCT radial and linear scans. The software of the device allowed determination of the exact measurement location on the choroid. Measurements of the choroid were taken manually using the SD-OCT calliper function at distances of 5,000\u20136,000\u2009\u03bcm (dorsal and ventral) and 4,000\u20137,000\u2009\u03bcm (nasal and temporal) from the optic disc. Mean (\u00b5m \u00b1 SD) (MA, SN) dorsal (188 \u00b1 28, 184 \u00b1 33), ventral (116 \u00b1 23, 111 \u00b1 16), temporal (152 \u00b1 31, 151 \u00b1 26), and nasal (135 \u00b1 27, 132 \u00b1 18) choroidal thicknesses demonstrated significant differences (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.02\u20130.001) between all areas within each group. The choroid was thickest in the dorsal region and thinnest in the ventral region. There were no significant differences based on age. Mean (\u00b5m \u00b1 SD) (M, F) dorsal (181 \u00b1 32, 190 \u00b1 30), ventral (117 \u00b1 16, 11 \u00b1 21), temporal (150 \u00b1 26, 153 \u00b1 30), and nasal (128 \u00b1 20, 138 \u00b1 23) choroidal thicknesses demonstrated significant differences (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) between dorsal and nasal regions. The choroidal thickness in dogs depends on the area assessed independently of their age and sex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2021.00040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T07:04:54Z","timestamp":1632726294000},"page":"266-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Morphometrical analysis of the canine choroid in relation to age and sex using spectral domain optical coherence tomography"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Jowita","family":"Zwolska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7388-6330","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Szadkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Balicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Ko\u0161ice, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ireneusz","family":"Balicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2000.9695052","article-title":"The effect of intravenous medetomidine on pupil size and intraocular pressure in normotensive dogs","volume":"22","author":"Verbruggen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. 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