{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T07:15:14Z","timestamp":1767597314043,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AVet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The information about the clinical features of <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic> infection in cats is scarce. In this study, we evaluated the serum protein electrophoresis of samples from 19 infected but apparently healthy cats. To detect <jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic> infection, two serological tests, i.e. western blot (WB) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as well as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on the blood samples were performed. Eventual infection by several selected bacterial and viral pathogens was also tested. All but one of the cats were found positive with WB. The WB-negative cat was positive by ELISA only. From the 18 WB-positive cats, only three were positive also by ELISA and eight with qPCR, including the only animal which was positive in all the three tests. No concomitant infections were detected in any of the cats. The main alteration of the proteinogram was characterised by an increase of the <jats:italic>\u03b1-<\/jats:italic>2 fraction. In the five cats with hypergammaglobulinaemia, the pattern detected was polyclonal. None of the cats were seropositive to any other pathogens tested. The presence of polyclonal gammopathy and elevation of the <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>-2 fraction could suggest the presence of active infection. In contrast, the only detection of an increase of the <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>-2 fraction alone with the presence of positive serological result could be associated by immune response activation against <jats:italic>L. infantum.<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2021.00055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T12:43:11Z","timestamp":1646743391000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Serum protein electrophoretogram profile detected in apparently healthy cats infected with Leishmania infantum \u2013 Short communication"],"prefix":"10.1556","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6209-4282","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sergio","family":"Villanueva-Saz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacobo","family":"Giner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Magdalena","family":"Alcover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department de Biologia, Salut i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. de Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Riera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department de Biologia, Salut i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. de Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roser","family":"Fisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department de Biologia, Salut i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. de Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Yzuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Marteles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maite","family":"Verde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty, Zaragoza University, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5249","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.11.5249-5255.2004","article-title":"Quantification of Leishmania infantum DNA by a real-time PCR assay with high sensitivity","volume":"42","author":"Mary","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref191","article-title":"Successful treatment of feline leishmaniosis using a combination of allopurinol and N-methyl-glucamine antimoniate","volume":"2","author":"Basso","year":"2016","journal-title":"JFMS Open Rep."},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3388-9","article-title":"Treatment and long-term follow-up of a cat with leishmaniosis","volume":"26","author":"Brianti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13489229","article-title":"Leishmaniosis in cats: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management","volume":"15","author":"Pennisi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VERC.0000045447.96444.be","article-title":"Case report of leishmaniasis in four cats","volume":"28","author":"Pennisi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"100607","article-title":"Clinical leishmaniosis in a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) treated with miltefosine plus allopurinol: serological and clinical follow-up","volume":"25","author":"Giner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep."},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412808","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/412808","article-title":"Relationship between Leishmania IFAT titer and clinicopathological manifestations (clinical score) in dogs","volume":"2014","author":"Proverbio","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res. 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Pathol."},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04710-9","article-title":"Serum amyloid A levels and alpha 2 and gamma globulins on serum protein electrophoresis in cats exposed to and infected with Leishmania infantum","volume":"21","author":"Savioli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Successful treatment of feline leishmaniosis using a combination of allopurinol and N-methyl-glucamine antimoniate","volume":"2","author":"Basso","year":"2016","journal-title":"JFMS Open Rep."},{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0909-z","article-title":"LeishVet update and recommendations on feline leishmaniosis","volume":"8","author":"Pennisi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3388-9","article-title":"Treatment and long-term follow-up of a cat with leishmaniosis","volume":"26","author":"Brianti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2010.00255.x","article-title":"Interpretation of capillary zone electrophoresis compared with cellulose acetate and agarose gel electrophoresis: reference intervals and diagnostic efficiency in dogs and cats","volume":"39","author":"Giordano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. Pathol."}],"container-title":["Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/004\/aop\/article-10.1556-004.2021.00055\/article-10.1556-004.2021.00055.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/004\/aop\/article-10.1556-004.2021.00055\/article-10.1556-004.2021.00055.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/004\/aop\/article-10.1556-004.2021.00055\/article-10.1556-004.2021.00055.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T03:02:43Z","timestamp":1648090963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/004\/aop\/article-10.1556-004.2021.00055\/article-10.1556-004.2021.00055.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"references-count":36,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/004.2021.00055","relation":{},"ISSN":["0236-6290","1588-2705"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0236-6290"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1588-2705"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]}}}