{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T11:42:44Z","timestamp":1655898164072},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","funder":[{"name":"State and Environmental Protection Authorities of the European Union","award":["24150120039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24150120039"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006109","name":"Scientific Grant Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["VEGA 2\/0090\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 2\/0090\/22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AVet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The population and distribution of the European brown bear (<jats:italic>Ursus arctos<\/jats:italic>) in Slovakia are expanding as bears were observed beyond the southern border of the country in Hungary. This study presents the authors' experience with field anaesthesia of wild brown bears trapped in a custom-made container trap and of free-ranging individuals. A total of 25 bears were captured and translocated using a specially designed metal cage trap. The study compared the effectiveness of three anaesthetic protocols in managing both free-ranging and trapped bears. For juveniles, or small adults up to 70\u2009kg body weight (BW), ketamine-xylazine mixture was used at doses of 3.0\u20134.0\u2009mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> ketamine and 1.0\u20131.5\u2009mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> xylazine BW. The immobilisation of free-ranging bears, which are usually attracted by municipal solid garbage, was performed remotely using PneuDart darts with 2\u20133\u2009ml of anaesthetics. For this purpose, tiletamine-zolazepam-detomidine (T-Z-D) was preferred at a dose of 1.7\u20132.5 (T)\u2009mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, 1.7\u20132.5 (Z) mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, and 0.1\u20130.2 (D) mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> BW. Induction time was from 7 to 18\u2009min post darting with the average of 12.04\u2009min. The same combination was applied to bears trapped in a container trap, with anaesthesia lasting from 40 to 150\u2009min. If T-Z-D was used, no further anaesthetic was needed. In all cases, anaesthesia was antagonised by atipamezole at a dose of 0.15\u20130.225\u2009mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> BW. Atipamezole was injected at a half dose intramuscularly and a half dose subcutaneously at the time when the palpebral reflex reappeared and the bear was able to move his tongue. It was shown that the T-Z-D mixture is a safe, low-volume anaesthetic darting protocol that is reversible, has minimal adverse effects on physiological parameters, and has a sufficient duration. The results can be used to manage large carnivore populations in the Carpathian region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2022.00012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T08:15:34Z","timestamp":1655799334000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cage trapping and field anaesthesia of brown bears as part of nuisance bear management"],"prefix":"10.1556","author":[{"given":"Ladislav","family":"Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Birds, Exotic and Free Living Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Al\u017ebeta","family":"K\u00f6nigov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ladislav","family":"Pleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Slovak Veterinary Chamber, Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juraj","family":"Ciberej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breeding and Diseases of Animals, Fish and Bees, Ecology and Cynology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katar\u00edna","family":"Kuzy\u0161inov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Birds, Exotic and Free Living Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Major","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Birds, Exotic and Free Living Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladim\u00edr","family":"Vrabec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Birds, Exotic and Free Living Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Kottferov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Birds, Exotic and Free Living Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Petrillov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Competencies, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00e1n","family":"V\u00e1rady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Vet. Arhiv","first-page":"201","article-title":"Gastrointestinal parasites and the first report of Giardia spp. in a wild population of European brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Croatia","volume":"85","author":"Aghazadeh, M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aghazadeh, M.\n                  , \n                     Alson-Riggins, J.\n                  , \n                     Relji\u0107, S.\n                  , \n                     de Ambrogi, M.\n                  , \n                     Huber, D.\n                  , \n                     Majnari\u0107, C.\n                   and \n                     Hermosilla, C.\n                  \n                (2015): Gastrointestinal parasites and the first report of Giardia spp. in a wild population of European brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Croatia. Vet. Arhiv \n               85\n               , \n               201\u2013210."},{"key":"B2","series-title":"J. Wildl. 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Zoological Restraint and Anesthesia. International Veterinary Information Service, Ithaca, New York, USA."},{"key":"B5","series-title":"J. Zoo Wildl. Med.","first-page":"504","article-title":"Comparative physiologic effects of Telazol, medetomidine-ketamine and medetomidine-Telazol in captive polar bears (Ursus maritimus)","volume":"30","author":"Caulkett, N. A.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Caulkett, N. A.\n                  , \n                     Cattet, M. R. L.\n                  , \n                     Caulkett, J. M.\n                   and \n                     Polischuk, S. C.\n                  \n                (1999): Comparative physiologic effects of Telazol, medetomidine-ketamine and medetomidine-Telazol in captive polar bears (Ursus maritimus). J. Zoo Wildl. Med. \n               30\n               , \n               504\u2013509.10749435"},{"key":"B6","series-title":"Veterinary Anaesthesia","first-page":"405","author":"Clarke, K. 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Animals \n               10\n               , \n               2428.10.3390\/ani10122428"},{"key":"B13","series-title":"Conservation and Management of Large Carnivores in Slovakia [Ochrana a mana\u017ement ve\u013ek\u00fdch \u0161eliem na Slovensku] (in Slovak)","first-page":"73","article-title":"Distribution and population size of large carnivores in Slovakia [Roz\u0161\u00edrenie a po\u010detnos\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fdch \u0161eliem na Slovensku]","author":"Paule, L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Paule, L.\n                  \n                (2016): Distribution and population size of large carnivores in Slovakia [Roz\u0161\u00edrenie a po\u010detnos\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fdch \u0161eliem na Slovensku]. In: \n                  \n                     Le\u0161ov\u00e1, A.\n                   and \n                     Antal, V.\n                  \n                (eds) Conservation and Management of Large Carnivores in Slovakia [Ochrana a mana\u017ement ve\u013ek\u00fdch \u0161eliem na Slovensku] (in Slovak). \u0160t\u00e1tna ochrana pr\u00edrody SR, Bansk\u00e1 Bystrica. pp. 73\u201385."},{"key":"B14","series-title":"Ursus","first-page":"317","article-title":"A passively triggered foot snare design for American black bears to reduce disturbance by non-target animals","volume":"13","author":"Reagan, S. R.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Reagan, S. R.\n                  , \n                     Ertel, J. 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Bear News \n               14\n               , \n               20."},{"key":"B16","series-title":"Folia Venatoria","first-page":"175","article-title":"Possibilities of distinguishing the sex and age of the brown bear according to skull and dental features [Mo\u017enosti rozli\u0161ovania pohlavia a veku medve\u010fa hned\u00e9ho pod\u013ea lebkov\u00fdch a zubn\u00fdch znakov] (in Slovak)","volume":"22","author":"Sl\u00e1dek, J.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sl\u00e1dek, J.\n                  \n                (1992): Possibilities of distinguishing the sex and age of the brown bear according to skull and dental features [Mo\u017enosti rozli\u0161ovania pohlavia a veku medve\u010fa hned\u00e9ho pod\u013ea lebkov\u00fdch a zubn\u00fdch znakov] (in Slovak). Folia Venatoria \n               22\n               , \n               175\u2013190."},{"key":"B18","series-title":"Action Plan for the Conservation of the Brown Bear in Europe (Ursus arctos)","author":"Swenson, J. E.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Swenson, J. E.\n                  , \n                     Dahle, B.\n                  , \n                     Gerstl, N.\n                   and \n                     Zedrosser, A.\n                  \n                (2000): Action Plan for the Conservation of the Brown Bear in Europe (Ursus arctos). Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention), Nature and Environment. 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Folia Zool. \n               62\n               , \n               222\u2013231.10.25225\/fozo.v62.i3.a8.2013"}],"container-title":["Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/004\/aop\/article-10.1556-004.2022.00012\/article-10.1556-004.2022.00012.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/004\/aop\/article-10.1556-004.2022.00012\/article-10.1556-004.2022.00012.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/004\/aop\/article-10.1556-004.2022.00012\/article-10.1556-004.2022.00012.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T08:15:43Z","timestamp":1655799343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/004\/aop\/article-10.1556-004.2022.00012\/article-10.1556-004.2022.00012.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/004.2022.00012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0236-6290","1588-2705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0236-6290","type":"print"},{"value":"1588-2705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]}}}