{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:22:00Z","timestamp":1740140520287,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006109","name":"VEGA","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1\/0194\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1\/0194\/22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AVet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to characterize retinal atrophy (RA) with progressive retinal atrophy symptoms in mixed breed dogs using ophthalmoscopy, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and electroretinography (ERG).<\/jats:p><jats:p>The study was performed on 13 mixed breed dogs affected by retinal atrophy (11 males and 2 females that were 1.5\u201314 years old). Depending on the advancement of RA, SD-OCT examinations identified retinal abnormalities ranging from layer disorganisation to advanced atrophy. The most advanced RA occurred ventral to the optic disc. Total retinal thickness in both eyes (mean \u00b1 SD) was lower in dogs with RA compared to controls dorsally (77.7 \u00b1 39.5\u2009\u03bcm vs 173.5 \u00b1 13.3\u2009\u03bcm), ventrally (33.4 \u00b1 29.9\u2009\u03bcm vs 139.5 \u00b1 10.8\u2009\u03bcm), nasally (65.0 \u00b1 34.5\u2009\u03bcm vs 163.9 \u00b1 11.0\u2009\u03bcm) and temporally (61.8 \u00b1 41.7\u2009\u03bcm vs 171.9 \u00b1 11.1\u2009\u03bcm) to the optic disc. In dogs with locally normal architecture of inner retina, loss of definition of outer retinal layers occurred in many regions. Dark and light-adapted ERGs were reduced in 2 dogs with RA and were unrecordable in 11 dogs. Lesions evident in SD-OCT scans of mixed breed dogs affected with retinal atrophy initially appear ventrally to the optic disc and ventro-dorsally in advanced RA. In all mixed breed dogs with retinal atrophy, clinical signs and SD-OCT results correlate with ERG findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2024.00872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T16:21:44Z","timestamp":1719246104000},"page":"80-98","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of retinal atrophy in mixed breed dogs using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and electroretinography"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Ireneusz","family":"Balicki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7388-6330","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Szadkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Balicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animals Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Lew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Poland Animal Eye Center, Lew, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Trbolova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animals Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Exp. 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