{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T14:32:02Z","timestamp":1759847522374,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","funder":[{"name":"European Union's Horizon 2020 project VEO","award":["874735"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["874735"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AMicr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Methicillin-resistant Staphy<\/jats:italic>\n lococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA) causes severe community and hospital acquired infections. Identification of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec<\/jats:italic> (SCCmec<\/jats:italic>), multilocus-sequence typing, and sequencing of S. aureus<\/jats:italic> protein A (spa) gene are used for MRSA typing. The aim was to investigate the spa<\/jats:italic> types of MRSA isolates in a tertiary hospital in Greece and analyse the whole genome sequences of two t127 MRSA isolates.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Totally, 39 MRSA isolates collected from July\u00a02019 to June 2020 in \u201cGeorgios Gennimatas\u201d General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece, were included in the study. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using VITEK\u00a0II automated system, and spa<\/jats:italic> typing was performed. A minimum spanning tree was used to display the spa<\/jats:italic> type frequencies and the genetic distances among them. Two t127-MRSA isolates (IM-MRSA and PD-MRSA) were selected for WGS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Six isolates (15.4%) were resistant to mupirocin, 18 (46.2%) to fusidic acid, three (7.7%) to vancomycin and two (5.1%) to teicoplanin. Twenty-two different spa<\/jats:italic> types were detected, with t002, t003, and t422 being the most frequent (5\/39, 12.8% each), followed by t1994 (4\/39, 10.3%). The isolates presented high genetic diversity and, taking into account the time between hospital admission and sampling, intrahospital spread did not occur. Even the two t127 isolates were assigned to different sequence types, ST9-XII-t127 and ST1-IVa-t127. Plasmids and genes conferring antimicrobial resistance and virulence were also identified.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Various spa<\/jats:italic> types were identified and together with the information about the time between hospital admission and sampling supports polyclonal MRSA spread in the hospital excluding a nosocomial infection. WGS provides a more detailed analysis distinguishing even the isolates belonging to the same spa<\/jats:italic> type.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/030.2022.01825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]],"date-time":"2022-08-29T08:52:49Z","timestamp":1661763169000},"page":"185-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Spa diversity and genetic characterization of t127 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary Greek hospital"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6552-1585","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katerina","family":"Tsergouli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0928-3193","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Theodoros","family":"Karampatakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantina","family":"Kontopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, \u201cGeorgios Gennimatas\u201d General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Styliani","family":"Pappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parthena","family":"Kampouridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cGeorgios Gennimatas\u201d General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Kallasidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cGeorgios Gennimatas\u201d General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Tsioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Zotou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, \u201cGeorgios Gennimatas\u201d General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0395leftheria - Eugenia","family":"Farmaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, \u201cGeorgios Gennimatas\u201d General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charalampos","family":"Kotzamanidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, Greek Agricultural Organization-Dimitra, Thermi, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Papa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00134-14","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management","volume":"28","author":"Tong \n SY","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tong \n SY\n , \n Davis \n JS\n , \n Eichenberger \n E\n , \n Holland \n TL\n , \n Fowler \n VG \n Jr.\n \n \n Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. 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