{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T01:25:31Z","timestamp":1766712331761,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"4","funder":[{"name":"Research and High Education Ministry of Tunisia","award":["LR18ES39"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LR18ES39"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AMicr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Accurate identification of Mitis group streptococci especially <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae<\/jats:italic> seems difficult due to the lack of specific and sensitive tests. We performed an approach for the identification of atypical pneumococci in pediatric Tunisian population. In this study, 49 streptococcal isolates that were considered as atypical <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> were analyzed by: optochin susceptibility in ambient and 5% CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> atmosphere, oxgall disk sensitivity, PCR targeting several genes and antimicrobial susceptibility.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The combined results of biochemical and molecular methods showed the presence of 23\u2009<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, 7\u2009<jats:italic>S. pseudopneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, and 19 other mitis group. Among <jats:italic>S. pseudopneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, all isolates were collected from respiratory tract samples and showed a high level of resistance to \u03b2-lactams with a MIC90 of 32\u2009mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Two isolates of <jats:italic>S. pseudopneumoniae<\/jats:italic> showed the typical phenotype of optochin resistance described in the literature. All isolates could be identified only by molecular tests. Among <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumonaie<\/jats:italic>, all strains harbored the <jats:italic>lytA<\/jats:italic> gene and the Spn9802 fragment. But only 14 strains were encapsulated.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This study describes several assays for the identification of atypical pneumococci in order to gain insights on the nature of isolate and raise alert about the presence of these strains in the pediatric Tunisian community.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/030.2023.02165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T09:51:24Z","timestamp":1701424284000},"page":"325-330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Accurate identification of Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae and other mitis group Streptococci identified as atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae in Tunisian pediatric population"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1483-8803","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samar","family":"Mhimdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology of Bechir Hamza Children's Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El-Manar University, LR18ES39, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaoula","family":"Meftah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology of Bechir Hamza Children's Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El-Manar University, LR18ES39, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Bouafsoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology of Bechir Hamza Children's Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanen","family":"Smaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology of Bechir Hamza Children's Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El-Manar University, LR18ES39, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"B1","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","first-page":"1089","article-title":"Development of a real-time PCR assay for the specific detection and identification of Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae using the recA gene","volume":"18","author":"Sistek V","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sistek V, Boissinot M, Boudreau DK, Huletsky A, Picard FJ, Bergeron MG. 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