{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T07:12:22Z","timestamp":1787987542313,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AMicr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rate of pandrug-resistant <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic> strains is on the rise in all continents. This bacterium can acquire resistance to all antibiotics, even to colistin. Alterations in the lipid A or\/and the two-component <jats:italic>pmrAB<\/jats:italic> were earlier detected in colistin resistance. We investigated and analyzed two strains of <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> (ABRC1 and ABRC2) isolated from two patients admitted to intensive care unit with a septic shock. Both strains were resistant to all tested antibiotics including colistin with a MIC &gt;256\u2009mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Colistin resistance genes (<jats:italic>pmrA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>pmrB, lpxA, lpxC, lpxD,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>lpsB<\/jats:italic>) of two strains (ABRC1 and ABRC2) were investigated by PCR and sequencing. Obtained nucleic acid sequences were aligned with reference sequences of ATCC 19606 and 17987. In this study two amino acid mutations, N287D in the <jats:italic>lpxC<\/jats:italic> gene and E117K in the <jats:italic>lpxD<\/jats:italic> gene, were detected in both ABRC1 and ABRC2 strains. ABRC1 had an additional H200L mutation in the <jats:italic>pmrA<\/jats:italic> gene. Both colistin resistant strains harbored the same A138T mutation in the <jats:italic>pmrB<\/jats:italic> gene. The ABRC2 strain also had an alteration in the kinase domain, specifically an R263S substitution of the histidine kinase domain. Three identical mutations were found in the <jats:italic>lpsB<\/jats:italic> gene of both <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> strains: Q216K\u2009+\u2009H218G\u2009+\u2009S219E. As a result, a newly deduced protein sequence in both ABRC1 and ABRC2 strains differed from those described in ATCC 17978 and 19606 strains was determined. Colistin resistance is multifactorial in <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>. In our study we detected novel mutations in colistin resistant <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> clinical isolates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/030.2024.02268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T11:37:59Z","timestamp":1717587479000},"page":"134-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Genetic alterations in the pmrAB two-component system and lipid A biosynthesis genes of polymyxin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9832-9776","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nadia","family":"El mrimar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team of Epidemiology and Bacterial Resistance, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6841-7684","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"El Mehdi","family":"Belouad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team of Epidemiology and Bacterial Resistance, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmostafa","family":"Benaissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team of Epidemiology and Bacterial Resistance, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatna","family":"Bssaibis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Jazouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology, Quality, Biotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"My abdelaziz","family":"El alaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire des Productions V\u00e9g\u00e9tales, Animales et Agro-industrie, Equipe de Botanique, Biotechnologie et Protection des Plantes, D\u00e9partement de Biologie, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Maleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed the First, Oujda, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Elouennass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team of Epidemiology and Bacterial Resistance, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol","first-page":"55","article-title":"Biology of Acinetobacter baumannii: pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and prospective treatment options","volume":"7","author":"Lee C-R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee C-R, Lee JH, Park M, Park KS, Bae IK, Kim YB, et\u00a0al. 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Int J Antimicrob Agents 2011; 37(6): 525\u201330."},{"issue":"7","key":"B25","series-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother","first-page":"3370","article-title":"Phosphoethanolamine modification of lipid A in colistin-resistant variants of Acinetobacter baumannii mediated by the pmrAB two-component regulatory system","volume":"55","author":"Beceiro A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Beceiro A, Llobet E, Aranda J, Bengoechea JA, Doumith M, Hornsey M, et\u00a0al. Phosphoethanolamine modification of lipid A in colistin-resistant variants of Acinetobacter baumannii mediated by the pmrAB two-component regulatory system. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55(7): 3370\u20139."},{"issue":"2","key":"B26","series-title":"Infect Immun","first-page":"542","article-title":"Genetic determinants of intrinsic colistin tolerance in Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"81","author":"Hood MI","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hood MI, Becker KW, Roux CM, Dunman PM, Skaar EP. Genetic determinants of intrinsic colistin tolerance in Acinetobacter baumannii. 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