{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:31:11Z","timestamp":1792096271468,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AMICR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The complex interplay between chronic metabolic disorders and acute cardiovascular decompensation represents a critical frontier in cardiology. This integrative research program conducted at Chongqing Medical University systematically examines the gut-liver-heart axis across the cardiovascular disease spectrum through three interconnected studies. First, a case-control investigation of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) revealed distinct intestinal dysbiosis patterns characterized by increased\n                    <jats:italic>Coprococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Veillonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    alongside decreased Parabacteroides,\n                    <jats:italic>Bacteroides fragilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium longum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with these microbial alterations correlating significantly with body mass index, triglyceride levels, and hepatic transaminases. Second, a retrospective cohort study of acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock demonstrated that elevated admission bilirubin (HR = 1.020,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.003) and alanine aminotransferase independently predicted 30-day mortality, while serum albumin exerted protective effects (HR = 0.955,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). Third, analysis of a comprehensive clinical registry illuminated the systemic clustering of metabolic, renal, and inflammatory abnormalities that underpin both chronic cardiometabolic disease and acute cardiovascular collapse. Collectively, these findings establish a pathogenic continuum wherein chronic intestinal dysbiosis and subclinical hepatic dysfunction create a vulnerable substrate that amplifies injury during acute ischemic events. This research framework provides mechanistic insights into the gut-liver-heart axis and proposes integrated biomarker panels for risk stratification across cardiovascular disease stages.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/030.2026.02892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T14:44:46Z","timestamp":1781621086000},"page":"388-395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Integrative analysis of the gut-liver-heart axis in\u00a0coronary artery disease: From chronic metabolic dysbiosis to acute cardiogenic shock"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Salman","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, 400016, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 400016"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Naveed","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 400016"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Muhammad","family":"Umair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, 400016, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 400016"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suxin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, 400016, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 400016"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, 400016, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 400016"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"25","key":"B1","series-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol","first-page":"2982","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990\u20132019: update from the GBD 2019 study","volume":"76","author":"Roth GA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, Addolorato G, Ammirati E, Baddour LM, et\u00a0al. 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