{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:56:40Z","timestamp":1791381400444,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AMICR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Acute lung injury (ALI) is a significant post-operative complication of liver transplant (LT), with mounting evidence suggesting a role for the gut\u2013lung axis. However, the mechanistic link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and ALI pathogenesis in LT recipients remains poorly understood. This hybrid translational investigation integrates transcriptomic profiling (bulk and single-cell RNA-seq), immune infiltration analysis, fecal microbiota composition (16S rRNA), and predictive functional profiling in ALI vs. non-ALI (NALI) LT patients. Machine learning algorithms (LASSO, SVM-RFE, Random Forest) were used to identify key gene biomarkers. Microbiota\u2013host gene correlations and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were performed to evaluate multi-omic relationships. ALI patients exhibited reduced gut microbial diversity and increased abundance of\n                    <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia-Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    , alongside a depletion of beneficial taxa (\n                    <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). CXCL3, CD48, and IRAK3 were identified as robust ALI biomarkers (Area Under the Curve &gt;0.83), validated in both serum and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid. These genes correlated positively with pro-inflammatory microbes and immune cell infiltration. Functional prediction revealed enrichment in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, Toll-like receptor signaling, and bacterial chemotaxis. CCA confirmed that microbiota variation significantly explained host transcriptomic variance. Our study uncovers a functional gut\u2013lung immunological axis in post-LT ALI. Gut dysbiosis modulates immune gene expression and lung inflammation, suggesting that the microbiome serves as a potential source of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in transplant-associated lung injury.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/030.2026.02911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T11:02:48Z","timestamp":1780916568000},"page":"375-387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the gut\u2013lung axis in post-liver transplant acute lung injury: A multi-omics approach"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Abdul Ahad","family":"Mehboob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remsha","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department, Surgitech Hospital, Lahore, 51000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saadia","family":"kanwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Imran Idrees Teaching Hospital, Lahore, 51000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, 51000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Department Government of Gilgitbaltistan, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0430-961X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sampana","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Physiology, Shahida Islam Medical College, Lodhran, 59320, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"B1","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1685","article-title":"Incidence and outcomes of acute lung injury","volume":"353","author":"Rubenfeld GD","year":"2005 Oct","unstructured":"Rubenfeld GD, Caldwell E, Peabody E, Weaver J, Martin DP, Neff M, et\u00a0al. 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