{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:56:39Z","timestamp":1791381399288,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AMICR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The emergence of highly virulent and multidrug-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains continues to pose a major global public health concern. Building on our previous investigation of 80\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates obtained from avian and human sources in northeastern Algeria (Annaba and Constantine) over a three-year period (2017\u20132019), in which their resistance profiles to 15 antimicrobial agents were assessed, the present study further explores the molecular features of virulence by targeting two additional plasmid-encoded genes,\n                    <jats:italic>spvB<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>spvR<\/jats:italic>\n                    . All isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using gene-specific primers. The results revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>spvB<\/jats:italic>\n                    was detected in 86.25% of isolates, while\n                    <jats:italic>spvR<\/jats:italic>\n                    was identified in 73.75%, suggesting a strong association with strains capable of\u00a0causing severe systemic infections. When compared with previous reports, notable geographical variations were observed, which may reflect differences in host reservoirs, ecological conditions, and selective pressures arising from antimicrobial use. The coexistence of\n                    <jats:italic>spv<\/jats:italic>\n                    virulence genes and multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes in our isolates underscores the substantial risk of dissemination of highly pathogenic and resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains between animals and humans. These findings highlight the need to integrate virulence gene surveillance into existing antimicrobial resistance monitoring programs to better understand and manage the zoonotic transmission dynamics of\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0in Algeria.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/030.2026.02914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T10:09:15Z","timestamp":1781690955000},"page":"340-347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["New insights into Salmonella virulence: Detection of spvB and spvR genes in avian and\u00a0human isolates from northeastern Algeria"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5220-8286","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amira","family":"Kout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, Badji Mokhtar \u2013 Annaba University 12, P.O. Box, 23000, Annaba, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radia","family":"Boufermes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, Badji Mokhtar \u2013 Annaba University 12, P.O. Box, 23000, Annaba, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rania","family":"Laouar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Life Science, University Fr\u00e8res Mentouri Constantine 1, 25000, Constantine, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachid","family":"Elgroud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GSPA Research Laboratory (Management of Animal Health and Productions), Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Fr\u00e8res Mentouri Constantine 1, 25000, Constantine, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bari\u015f","family":"Binay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Enzyme Recognition Center (BERC), Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douadi","family":"Khelifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomolecular Laboratory, Ecole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieur de Biotechnologie, University Saleh Boubendir Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajira","family":"Berredjem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, Badji Mokhtar \u2013 Annaba University 12, P.O. 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