{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T15:05:55Z","timestamp":1772291155620,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AMicr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n          <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> are frequently found resistance to aminoglycosides in Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate aminoglycoside resistance in clinical isolates of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> from Turkey using both phenotypic and genotypic methods and screening for the prevalence of gene coding for common aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) and 16S rRNA methylase genes. A total of 88 consecutive, non-duplicated <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200965) and <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923) isolates showing resistance or intermediate resistance to amikacin and\/or gentamicin were collected between October 2013 and May 2015 from clinical samples received at Gaziantep Dr. Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital. Seventeen isolates were obtained from Syrian patients. Isolates resistant to any of the two aminoglycosides were tested by PCR for seven AME genes, and 22 isolates with amikacin MIC\u2009\u226516\u00a0mg\/L were also tested for 16S rRNA methylase genes. In <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> isolates, the most frequent genes were <jats:italic>aac(6\u2032)-Ib<\/jats:italic> (50 strains; 76.9%) and <jats:italic>aac(3)-IIa<\/jats:italic> (40 strains; 70.7%), followed by <jats:italic>aph(3\u2032)-Ia<\/jats:italic> (5 strains; 7.6%) and <jats:italic>ant(2\u2033)-Ia<\/jats:italic> (2 strains; 3.1%). Among the 23 resistant <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates, the most prevalent gene was <jats:italic>aac(3\u2032)-IIa<\/jats:italic> (87.0%) followed by <jats:italic>aac(6\u2032)-Ib<\/jats:italic> (73.9%) and <jats:italic>aph(3\u2032)-Ia<\/jats:italic> (8.6%). The <jats:italic>rmtC<\/jats:italic> gene was detected in one <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolate. Resistance to aminoglycosides in clinical isolates of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> from our center is predominantly caused by AAC(6\u2032)-Ib and AAC(3)-II enzymes, while the occurrence of 16S rRNA methylases is so far limited.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/030.66.2019.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T09:26:55Z","timestamp":1551173215000},"page":"327-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Aminoglycoside resistance determinants in multiresistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from Turkish and Syrian patients"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Osman Sezer","family":"Cirit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Microbiology Laboratory, Gaziantep Dr. Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Buket","family":"Yayla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Clinical Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, Baskent University, Adana, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 Clinical Unit of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sof\u00eda, Instituto Maim\u00f3nides de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de C\u00f3rdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33990","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.33990","article-title":"NDM-1 and rmtC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Turkey","volume":"9","author":"Guven Gokmen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jundishapur J Microbiol"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq003","article-title":"Low prevalence of 16S methylases among extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from a Turkish hospital","volume":"65","author":"Bercot","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1086\/518605","article-title":"16S ribosomal RNA methylation: Emerging resistance mechanism against aminoglycosides","volume":"45","author":"Doi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect 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