{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T16:17:12Z","timestamp":1761581832865},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AMicr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of<jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>genotypes (<jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>cagPAI<\/jats:italic>) directly in gastric biopsy specimens in patients with gastric diseases in Belarus. Gastric biopsies were collected from 461 patients with different gastrointestinal disorders: superficial gastritis (287 subjects), atrophy gastritis (59 subjects), erosive gastritis (47 subjects), duodenal ulcer disease (54 subjects), and stomach ulcer (14 subjects). PCR-based genotyping was used to detect<jats:italic>s1a, s1b, s2, m1a, m1b, m2, cagM, cagA,<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>cagT<\/jats:italic>genes. Overall prevalence of<jats:italic>vacA s1a<\/jats:italic>allele was 60.5% followed by<jats:italic>m2<\/jats:italic>(47.1%) and<jats:italic>m1a<\/jats:italic>(37.5%). The analysis of data showed that genotype<jats:italic>s1a<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>m1a<\/jats:italic>was significantly more prevalent in patients with duodenal ulcer (21.4% vs. 45.1%, OR\u2009=\u20093.0, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.5\u20136.1). The<jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>gene was found with a high incidence in most patients with inflammatory diseases of stomach and duodenum. There was a significant increase in the frequency of<jats:italic>cagT<\/jats:italic>in patients with duodenal ulcer as compared to superficial gastritis. A high<jats:italic>cagM<\/jats:italic>prevalence was found in patients with atrophy gastritis and duodenal ulcer disease. All three island genes of pathogenicity of<jats:italic>cagPAI<\/jats:italic>are more often detected in patients with duodenal ulcer, which increases the risk of developing duodenal ulcer by 4.5 times.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/030.66.2019.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,17]],"date-time":"2019-05-17T08:12:55Z","timestamp":1558080775000},"page":"399-411","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Helicobacter pylori genotypes among Belarus patients with gastroduodenal disorders and their association with clinical outcome"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Olga","family":"Yanovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, The Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michail","family":"Doroshko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Diagnostic Department, Medical Center \u201cNordin\u201d, Minsk, Belarus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonid","family":"Titov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, The Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.1.397-402.2003","article-title":"Real-time PCR assay for rapid and accurate detection of point mutations conferring resistance to clarithromycin in Helicobacter pylori","volume":"41","author":"Oleastro","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin 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