{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T02:35:30Z","timestamp":1793500530550,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["EuJMI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3) autoantibody syndrome is an emerging clinical entity that has been associated with disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection (dNTM) particularly in healthy young people, a population not previously thought to be at particular risk. A 29-year-old South-East Asian man presented with several weeks of fever, cough, lymphadenopathy, and constitutional symptoms while working on an international cargo ship, deteriorating rapidly with a sepsis-like syndrome. Eventually lymph node and sputum cultures revealed a diagnosis of dNTM infection with growth of both <jats:italic>Mycobacterium persicum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mycobacterium abscessus<\/jats:italic>. He was commenced on rituximab as well as combination anti-mycobacterial therapy with good clinical response. This case highlights some of the difficulties faced by patients with dNTM in the context of IFN-\u03b3 autoantibodies, particularly delayed diagnosis, and lack of evidence base surrounding optimal management. Further research into long-term outcomes and treatment is required as well as increased awareness among clinicians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/1886.2024.00123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T15:11:17Z","timestamp":1736521877000},"page":"57-61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in the context of interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome: A case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2868-7754","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victoria","family":"Jordan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Pickles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"B1","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"968","article-title":"Host susceptibility to non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections","volume":"15","author":"Wu UI","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wu UI, Holland SM. Host susceptibility to non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015;15(8):968\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00089-4."},{"issue":"7","key":"B2","series-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis","article-title":"Treatment dilemmas in disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infections with interferon-gamma autoantibodies","volume":"8","author":"King EM","year":"2021","unstructured":"King EM, Weaver VK, Kestler MH. Treatment dilemmas in disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infections with interferon-gamma autoantibodies. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021;8(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofab253."},{"key":"B3","series-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and mortality of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in immunocompromised vs. Immunocompetent hosts","volume":"9","author":"Chai J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chai J, Han X, Mei Q, Liu T, Walline JH, Xu J, et al. Clinical characteristics and mortality of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in immunocompromised vs. Immunocompetent hosts. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;9:88446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.884446."},{"issue":"1","key":"B4","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"e10","article-title":"Autoantibodies to interferon-\u03b3 in a patient with selective susceptibility to mycobacterial infection and organ-specific autoimmunity","volume":"38","author":"Doffinger R","year":"2004","unstructured":"Doffinger R, Helbert M, Barcenas-Morales G, Yang K, Dupuis S, Ceron-Gutierrez L, et al. Autoantibodies to interferon-\u03b3 in a patient with selective susceptibility to mycobacterial infection and organ-specific autoimmunity. 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