{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T22:25:46Z","timestamp":1778192746748,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Foundation of Support to Research of the State of Amazonas"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["EuJMI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pharmacotherapy of cutaneous leishmaniasis is invasive and presents several adverse reactions, which reinforces the need for topical and less toxic alternatives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Topical microemulsions containing phenolic compounds from\n                      <jats:italic>Libidibia ferrea<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Fabaceae) were developed, physicochemically characterized, and tested in hamsters (\n                      <jats:italic>Mesocricetus auratus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) experimentally infected with\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . After treatment, clinical progression of lesions, histopathological alterations, and parasite load were evaluated. The dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of the extract was analyzed by mass spectrometry, and the main compounds were isolated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The optimized microemulsion effectively controlled lesion progression, showing only a 25% increase in lesion volume, compared to a 383% increase for the group without treatment, and presented a moderate inflammatory response. A\u00a0new phenolic compound, named libidine (phenylpropanoic acid derivative), along with methyl gallate, was isolated from the DCM fraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The topical formulation was as effective as Glucantime\u00ae (antimonial standard treatment) and produced a significant reduction in parasite load, consistent with the antileishmanial activity previously reported for phenolic acids and their derivatives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/1886.2025.00064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T10:21:49Z","timestamp":1762424509000},"page":"222-231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Topical microemulsion with phenolic compounds from Libidibia ferrea (Fabaceae): An alternative treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9102-9698","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bruno Bezerra","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Innovation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Leishmaniasis and Chagas Disease, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1054-2853","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katia Solange","family":"Cardoso Rodrigues dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Innovation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9699-7308","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Claudia Dantas","family":"Comandolli-Wyrepkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Leishmaniasis and Chagas Disease, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1809-1372","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Felipe Moura","family":"Araujo da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Support Center, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5107-8727","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Caio","family":"Coutinho de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Leishmaniasis and Chagas Disease, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0255-0693","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria","family":"da Paz Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordination for Technology and Innovation, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2149-7899","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Fernando","family":"Marques Barcellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1164-2191","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tatiane","family":"Pereira de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Innovation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabr\u00edcio Nonato","family":"Ara\u00fajo Rolim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Innovation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8897-6088","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francimeire Gomes","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Leishmaniasis and Chagas Disease, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4300-5325","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Antonia Maria","family":"Ramos 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