{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:34:06Z","timestamp":1791844446204,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602460800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004733","name":"University of Macau","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MYRG2015-00213-FSS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MYRG2015-00213-FSS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004733","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004733","name":"University of Macau","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MYRG2019-00014-FSS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MYRG2019-00014-FSS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004733","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gambling disorder (GD) is a mental disorder with a relatively higher prevalence in university students compared to adolescents and adults. Its reciprocity with mental being indicators, such as psychological flourishing, would be expected, but prior to this study had not yet been empirically examined. In addition, the predictive value of purpose in life (PIL) on university students' GD and psychological flourishing also remained unknown. This 1-year longitudinal study was the first to test the potential bidirectional relationships among PIL, self-reported GD symptoms, and psychological flourishing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, a total of 283 university students (39.6% females; age = 18\u201327 years,\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 20.47,\n                      <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.15) completed an anonymous questionnaire at both baseline and a year later in a follow-up study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results of our cross-lagged analysis did not show the hypothesized reciprocity between GD symptoms and psychological flourishing (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05). However, PIL significantly predicted fewer GD symptoms (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.23,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and higher levels of psychological flourishing (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.30,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) in the follow-up study. Moreover, psychological flourishing predicted PIL a year later.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings demonstrate the potential efficacy of purpose\/meaning oriented interventions in gambling prevention and in well-being promotion programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2020.00046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T23:08:11Z","timestamp":1598051291000},"page":"756-765","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The prospective effect of purpose in life on gambling disorder and psychological flourishing among university students"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Meng Xuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China"},{"name":"2Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong Mian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwok-Kit","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8174-6581","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anise M. S.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China"},{"name":"2Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref1781","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22002","article-title":"Role of meaning in the prediction of depressive symptoms among trauma-exposed and nontrauma-exposed emerging adults","volume":"69","author":"Woo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"ref741","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-011-9355-0","article-title":"Impulsivity as a moderator and mediator between life stress and pathological gambling among Chinese treatment-seeking gamblers","volume":"10","author":"Tang","year":"2012b","journal-title":"International Journal of 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