{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:15:44Z","timestamp":1787022944993,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602460800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Commonwealth Government's Research Training Program\/Research Training Scheme"},{"name":"Australian Government and Central Queensland University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Harmful gambling has been associated with the endorsement of fallacious cognitions that promote excessive consumption. These types of beliefs stem from intuitively derived assumptions about gambling that are fostered by fast-thinking and a lack of objective, critical thought. The current paper details an experiment designed to test whether a four-week online intervention to strengthen contextual analytical thinking in gamblers is effective in changing gamblers cognitions and encouraging safer gambling consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ninety-four regular gamblers who reported experiencing gambling-related harm were randomly allocated to either an experimental (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 46) or control condition (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 48), including 45 males, ranging from 19 to 65 years of age (\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 36.61;\n                      <jats:italic>SD = 9.76<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). Following baseline measurement of gambling beliefs and prior week gambling consumption, participants in the experimental condition were required to complete an adaption of the Gamblers Fallacy Questionnaire designed to promote analytical thinking by educating participants on common judgement errors specific to gambling once a week for four weeks. Post-intervention measures of beliefs and gambling consumption were captured in week five.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The experimental condition reported significantly fewer erroneous cognitions, greater endorsement of protective cognitions, and reduced time spent gambling post-intervention compared to baseline. The control group also reported a reduction in cognitions relating to predicting and controlling gambling outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive interventions that encourage gamblers to challenge gambling beliefs by reflecting on gambling involvement and promoting critical thinking may be an effective tool for reducing the time people invest in gambling activities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2020.00049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T07:35:41Z","timestamp":1602142541000},"page":"766-784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Training gamblers to re-think their gambling choices: How contextual analytical thinking may be useful in promoting safer gambling"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9683-7371","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tess","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Human, Medical, and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 44 Greenhill Road, Wayville, SA, 5034, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0080-2690","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew","family":"Rockloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2School of Human, Medical, and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, University Drive, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2668-6229","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2School of Human, Medical, and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, University Drive, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1476-0791","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexander","family":"Blaszczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Brain and Mind Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, M02F Mallett Street Campus, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031892","article-title":"Measuring cognitive distortions in pathological gambling: Review and meta-analyses","volume":"27","author":"Goodie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref801","first-page":"23","article-title":"Intuition from the perspective of cognitive-experiential self-theory","volume-title":"Intuition in judgement and decision making","author":"Epstein","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-019-09927-z","article-title":"Gamble with your heart and not your heart: A conceptual model for how thinking-style promotes irrational gambling beliefs","volume":"36","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1063","article-title":"Similarities and differences in the neural correlates of episodic memory retrieval and working memory","volume":"16","author":"Cabeza","year":"2002","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref991","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2012.40.3.425","article-title":"How confidence and uncertainty affect consumers\u2019 enjoyment of gambling","volume":"40","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-008-9089-5","article-title":"A Canadian population level analysis of the roles of irrational gambling cognitions and risky gambling practices as correlates of gambling intensity and pathological gambling","volume":"24","author":"Miller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref771","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-006-9009-5","article-title":"It\u2019s not what you know, but how you use it: Statistical knowledge and adolescent problem gambling","volume":"22","author":"Delfabbro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1131","first-page":"3","article-title":"A duplex model of cognitive style","volume-title":"Perspectives on the nature of intellectual styles","author":"Sadler-Smith","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref691","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2002.00015.x","article-title":"A pathways model of problem and pathological gambling","volume":"97","author":"Blaszczynski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref981","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-6105.1000256","article-title":"Gambling fallacies: What are they and how are they best measured?","volume":"6","author":"Leonard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy"},{"key":"ref1031","first-page":"166","volume-title":"Warning signs on electronic gaming machines: Recall and effects on cognitions and beliefs","author":"Monaghan","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-007-9008-7","article-title":"Dual process theories: A key for understanding the diversification bias?","volume":"34","author":"Kogler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Risk and Uncertainty"},{"key":"ref111","volume-title":"Stigma and help-seeking for gambling problems","author":"Carroll","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2466\/PR0.105.1.173-187","article-title":"Do warning signs on electronic gaming machines influence irrational cognitions?","volume":"105","author":"Monaghan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-019-09910-8","article-title":"Encouraging gamblers to think critically using generalised analytical priming is ineffective at reducing gambling biases","volume":"36","author":"Armstrong","year":"2019b","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2005.04.009","article-title":"Paranormal beliefs, education, and thinking styles","volume":"39","author":"Aarnio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"ref1241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14459795.2015.1049191","article-title":"Assessing the effectiveness of a responsible gambling behavioural feedback tool for reducing the gambling expenditure of at-risk players","volume":"15","author":"Wood","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-009-9170-8","article-title":"Gambling motivations, money-limiting strategies, and precommitment preferences of problem versus non-problem gamblers","volume":"26","author":"Nower","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref891","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195097344.003.0004","article-title":"Coping with uncertainty: The rivalry between intuition and analysis","volume-title":"Human judgement and social policy","author":"Hammond","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1133398","article-title":"Childhood origins of adult resistance to science","volume":"316","author":"Bloom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref581","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.01.025","article-title":"How much have you won or lost? Personalized behavioral feedback about gambling expenditures regulates play","volume":"70","author":"Wohl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"ref821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026422","article-title":"Cognitive distortions as a component and treatment focus of pathological gambling: A review","volume":"26","author":"Fortune","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref881","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1994.tb02529.x","article-title":"The role of cognitive bias and skill in fruit machine gambling","volume":"85","author":"Griffiths","year":"1994","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"ref561","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2013.07.016","article-title":"Cognitive biases explain religious belief, paranormal belief, and belief in life's purpose","volume":"129","author":"Willard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref301","volume-title":"Why smart people are vulnerable to putting tribe before truth","author":"Kahan","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024931316358","article-title":"\u201cHow much do you spend gambling?\u201d Ambiguities in survey questionnaire items","volume":"13","author":"Blaszczynski","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2466\/PR0.105.1.173-187","article-title":"Do warning signs on electronic gaming machines influence irrational cognitions?","volume":"105","author":"Monaghan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-018-9790-y","article-title":"Decision-making styles, negative affectivity, and cognitive distortions in adolescent gambling","volume":"35","author":"Cosenza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref651","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development and validation of the protective gambling beliefs scale (PGBS)","volume":"9","author":"Armstrong","year":"2019a","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-6105.1000256","article-title":"Gambling fallacies: What are they and how are they best measured?","volume":"6","author":"Leonard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy"},{"key":"ref391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1509\/jppm.20.2.254.17364","article-title":"Promoting and countering consumer misconceptions of random events: The case of perceived control and state-sponsored lotteries","volume":"20","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Public Policy and Marketing"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1994.tb02529.x","article-title":"The role of cognitive bias and skill in fruit machine gambling","volume":"85","author":"Griffiths","year":"1994","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"ref611","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14459795.2015.1049191","article-title":"Assessing the effectiveness of a responsible gambling behavioural feedback tool for reducing the gambling expenditure of at-risk players","volume":"15","author":"Wood","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1080\/09515089.2011.579420","article-title":"How convenient! The epistemic rationale of self-validating belief systems","volume":"25","author":"Boudry","year":"2012","journal-title":"Philosophical Psychology"},{"key":"ref681","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024931316358","article-title":"\u201cHow much do you spend gambling?\u201d Ambiguities in survey questionnaire items","volume":"13","author":"Blaszczynski","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1251","volume-title":"Evaluating VLT responsible gaming features and interventions in Alberta: Phase 1 final report","author":"Wynne","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development and validation of the protective gambling beliefs scale (PGBS)","volume":"9","author":"Armstrong","year":"2019a","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-017-9698-y","article-title":"Validation of the Short gambling harm screen (SGHS): A tool for assessment of harms from gambling","volume":"34","author":"Browne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref971","volume-title":"Fallacious beliefs: Gambling and belief in the paranormal","author":"Leonard","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562525","article-title":"Shifting from the perceptual brain to the logical brain: The neural impact of cognitive inhibition training","volume":"12","author":"Houd\u00e9","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref671","first-page":"871","article-title":"Beliefs about gambling mediate the effect of cognitive style on gambling problems","volume-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies","volume":"36","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref481","first-page":"420","article-title":"Behaviour change strategies for problem gambling: An analysis of online posts","volume":"18","author":"Rodda","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195097344.003.0004","article-title":"Coping with uncertainty: The rivalry between intuition and analysis","volume-title":"Human judgement and social policy","author":"Hammond","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-014-9453-6","article-title":"Setting win limits: An alternative approach to \u201cResponsible Gambling\u201d?","volume":"31","author":"Walker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-008-9089-5","article-title":"A Canadian population level analysis of the roles of irrational gambling cognitions and risky gambling practices as correlates of gambling intensity and pathological gambling","volume":"24","author":"Miller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/14459790600928793","article-title":"The experience of gambling and its role in problem gambling","volume":"6","author":"Turner","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref781","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.5709\/acp-0228-9","article-title":"The effects of heuristics and apophenia on probabilistic choice","volume":"13","author":"Ellerby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Advances in Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.3200\/JRLP.140.5.434-438","article-title":"Responsible gambling tools: Pop-up messages and pauses on video lottery terminals","volume":"140","author":"Cloutier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"ref811","volume-title":"The Canadian problem gambling index: Final report","author":"Ferris","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref1151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2014.08.006","article-title":"Analytic thinking reduces belief in conspiracy theories","volume":"133","author":"Swami","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref1211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.01.025","article-title":"How much have you won or lost? Personalized behavioral feedback about gambling expenditures regulates play","volume":"70","author":"Wohl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026422","article-title":"Cognitive distortions as a component and treatment focus of pathological gambling: A review","volume":"26","author":"Fortune","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref1221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/10826080601094223","article-title":"Self-perceptions of dispositional luck: Relationship to DSM gambling symptoms, subjective enjoyment of gambling and treatment readiness","volume":"42","author":"Wohl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Substance Use & Misuse"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"411","article-title":"Erroneous perceptions and gambling","volume":"4","author":"Gaboury","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Social Perceptions and Gambling"},{"key":"ref631","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2005.04.009","article-title":"Paranormal beliefs, education, and thinking styles","volume":"39","author":"Aarnio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"ref601","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/13645570701211209","article-title":"\u201cHow much money do you spend on gambling?\u201d The comparative validity of question wordings used to assess gambling expenditure","volume":"10","author":"Wood","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Research Methodology"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"871","article-title":"Beliefs about gambling mediate the effect of cognitive style on gambling problems","volume-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies","volume":"36","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref491","first-page":"76","article-title":"The intuitive executive: Understanding and applying \u201cgut feel\u201d in decision-making","volume":"18","author":"Sadler-Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Academy of Management Language"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-009-9164-6","article-title":"Gambling related cognitions mediate the association between thinking style and problem gambling severity","volume":"26","author":"Emond","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.12.2.288","article-title":"Feeling of knowing in memory and problem solving","volume":"12","author":"Metcalfe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"ref1101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-011-9260-2","article-title":"Validation of the consumption screen for problem gambling (CSPG)","volume":"28","author":"Rockloff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.12.2.288","article-title":"Feeling of knowing in memory and problem solving","volume":"12","author":"Metcalfe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"ref171","first-page":"23","article-title":"Intuition from the perspective of cognitive-experiential self-theory","volume-title":"Intuition in judgement and decision making","author":"Epstein","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref501","first-page":"3","article-title":"A duplex model of cognitive style","volume-title":"Perspectives on the nature of intellectual styles","author":"Sadler-Smith","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1736","article-title":"Alien psychology: Associations between extraterrestrial beliefs and paranormal ideation, superstitious beliefs, schizotypy, and the Big Five personality factors","volume":"25","author":"Swami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"ref961","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/14459790701387428","article-title":"Numerical reasoning ability and irrational beliefs in problem gambling","volume":"7","author":"Lambos","year":"08\/2007","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref471","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-011-9260-2","article-title":"Validation of the consumption screen for problem gambling (CSPG)","volume":"28","author":"Rockloff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref751","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.3200\/JRLP.140.5.434-438","article-title":"Responsible gambling tools: Pop-up messages and pauses on video lottery terminals","volume":"140","author":"Cloutier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"ref901","volume-title":"Gamblers at risk and their help-seeking behaviour","author":"Hing","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562525","article-title":"Shifting from the perceptual brain to the logical brain: The neural impact of cognitive inhibition training","volume":"12","author":"Houd\u00e9","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1551-6709.2011.01210.x","article-title":"Reflection and reasoning in moral judgment","volume":"36","author":"Paxton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"ref451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2012.03.003","article-title":"Analytic cognitive style predicts religious and paranormal belief","volume":"123","author":"Pennycook","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2004.00753.x","article-title":"The gambling related cognitions scale (GRCS): Development, confirmatory factor validation and psychometric properties","volume":"99","author":"Raylu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2015.05.011","article-title":"Override the controversy: Analytic thinking predicts endorsement of evolution","volume":"142","author":"Gervais","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref571","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.20.1.62","article-title":"Does learning about the mathematics of gambling change gambling behavior?","volume":"20","author":"Williams","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref181","volume-title":"The Canadian problem gambling index: Final report","author":"Ferris","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-006-9009-5","article-title":"It\u2019s not what you know, but how you use it: Statistical knowledge and adolescent problem gambling","volume":"22","author":"Delfabbro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref871","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2009.04.002","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive-behavioural interventions to reduce problem gambling: Hedging our bets?","volume":"47","author":"Gooding","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"ref271","volume-title":"Gamblers at risk and their help-seeking behaviour","author":"Hing","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-009-9170-8","article-title":"Gambling motivations, money-limiting strategies, and precommitment preferences of problem versus non-problem gamblers","volume":"26","author":"Nower","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref541","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2010.10.013","article-title":"Implicit puritanism in American moral cognition","volume":"47","author":"Uhlmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1215647","article-title":"Analytic thinking promotes religious disbelief","volume":"336","author":"Gervais","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref621","volume-title":"Evaluating VLT responsible gaming features and interventions in Alberta: Phase 1 final report","author":"Wynne","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref701","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1133398","article-title":"Childhood origins of adult resistance to science","volume":"316","author":"Bloom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2000.95577713.x","article-title":"Natural and treatment-assisted recovery from gambling problems: A comparison of resolved and active gamblers","volume":"95","author":"Hodgins","year":"2000","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref951","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-007-9008-7","article-title":"Dual process theories: A key for understanding the diversification bias?","volume":"34","author":"Kogler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Risk and Uncertainty"},{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2012.40.3.425","article-title":"How confidence and uncertainty affect consumers\u2019 enjoyment of gambling","volume":"40","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal"},{"key":"ref591","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/10826080601094223","article-title":"Self-perceptions of dispositional luck: Relationship to DSM gambling symptoms, subjective enjoyment of gambling and treatment readiness","volume":"42","author":"Wohl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Substance Use & Misuse"},{"key":"ref791","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-009-9164-6","article-title":"Gambling related cognitions mediate the association between thinking style and problem gambling severity","volume":"26","author":"Emond","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1509\/jppm.20.2.254.17364","article-title":"Promoting and countering consumer misconceptions of random events: The case of perceived control and state-sponsored lotteries","volume":"20","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Public Policy and Marketing"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1063","article-title":"Similarities and differences in the neural correlates of episodic memory retrieval and working memory","volume":"16","author":"Cabeza","year":"2002","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref1191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2013.07.016","article-title":"Cognitive biases explain religious belief, paranormal belief, and belief in life's purpose","volume":"129","author":"Willard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref1041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.4309\/jgi.2007.20.8","article-title":"Recall of electronic gaming machine signs: A static versus a dynamic mode of presentation","volume":"20","author":"Monaghan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Issues"},{"key":"ref661","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-019-09910-8","article-title":"Encouraging gamblers to think critically using generalised analytical priming is ineffective at reducing gambling biases","volume":"36","author":"Armstrong","year":"2019b","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/14459790701387428","article-title":"Numerical reasoning ability and irrational beliefs in problem gambling","volume":"7","author":"Lambos","year":"08\/2007","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref831","first-page":"411","article-title":"Erroneous perceptions and gambling","volume":"4","author":"Gaboury","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Social Perceptions and Gambling"},{"key":"ref841","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2015.05.011","article-title":"Override the controversy: Analytic thinking predicts endorsement of evolution","volume":"142","author":"Gervais","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref1161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/14459790600928793","article-title":"The experience of gambling and its role in problem gambling","volume":"6","author":"Turner","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref851","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1215647","article-title":"Analytic thinking promotes religious disbelief","volume":"336","author":"Gervais","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref641","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-019-09927-z","article-title":"Gamble with your heart and not your heart: A conceptual model for how thinking-style promotes irrational gambling beliefs","volume":"36","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-014-9453-6","article-title":"Setting win limits: An alternative approach to \u201cResponsible Gambling\u201d?","volume":"31","author":"Walker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref1231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/13645570701211209","article-title":"\u201cHow much money do you spend on gambling?\u201d The comparative validity of question wordings used to assess gambling expenditure","volume":"10","author":"Wood","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Research Methodology"},{"key":"ref941","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.58.9.697","article-title":"A perspective on judgment and choice: Mapping bounded rationality","volume":"58","author":"Kahneman","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"ref1091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2004.00753.x","article-title":"The gambling related cognitions scale (GRCS): Development, confirmatory factor validation and psychometric properties","volume":"99","author":"Raylu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref761","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-018-9790-y","article-title":"Decision-making styles, negative affectivity, and cognitive distortions in adolescent gambling","volume":"35","author":"Cosenza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref711","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1080\/09515089.2011.579420","article-title":"How convenient! The epistemic rationale of self-validating belief systems","volume":"25","author":"Boudry","year":"2012","journal-title":"Philosophical Psychology"},{"key":"ref861","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031892","article-title":"Measuring cognitive distortions in pathological gambling: Review and meta-analyses","volume":"27","author":"Goodie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref1071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1551-6709.2011.01210.x","article-title":"Reflection and reasoning in moral judgment","volume":"36","author":"Paxton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2002.00015.x","article-title":"A pathways model of problem and pathological gambling","volume":"97","author":"Blaszczynski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.58.9.697","article-title":"A perspective on judgment and choice: Mapping bounded rationality","volume":"58","author":"Kahneman","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"ref521","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2014.08.006","article-title":"Analytic thinking reduces belief in conspiracy theories","volume":"133","author":"Swami","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref1111","first-page":"420","article-title":"Behaviour change strategies for problem gambling: An analysis of online posts","volume":"18","author":"Rodda","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref721","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-017-9698-y","article-title":"Validation of the Short gambling harm screen (SGHS): A tool for assessment of harms from gambling","volume":"34","author":"Browne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"ref931","volume-title":"Why smart people are vulnerable to putting tribe before truth","author":"Kahan","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref741","volume-title":"Stigma and help-seeking for gambling problems","author":"Carroll","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2009.04.002","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive-behavioural interventions to reduce problem gambling: Hedging our bets?","volume":"47","author":"Gooding","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"ref911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2000.95577713.x","article-title":"Natural and treatment-assisted recovery from gambling problems: A comparison of resolved and active gamblers","volume":"95","author":"Hodgins","year":"2000","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref1121","first-page":"76","article-title":"The intuitive executive: Understanding and applying \u201cgut feel\u201d in decision-making","volume":"18","author":"Sadler-Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Academy of Management Language"},{"key":"ref401","first-page":"166","volume-title":"Warning signs on electronic gaming machines: Recall and effects on cognitions and beliefs","author":"Monaghan","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref411","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.4309\/jgi.2007.20.8","article-title":"Recall of electronic gaming machine signs: A static versus a dynamic mode of presentation","volume":"20","author":"Monaghan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Issues"},{"key":"ref1141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1736","article-title":"Alien psychology: Associations between extraterrestrial beliefs and paranormal ideation, superstitious beliefs, schizotypy, and the Big Five personality factors","volume":"25","author":"Swami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"ref1171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2010.10.013","article-title":"Implicit puritanism in American moral cognition","volume":"47","author":"Uhlmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"key":"ref1201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.20.1.62","article-title":"Does learning about the mathematics of gambling change gambling behavior?","volume":"20","author":"Williams","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.5709\/acp-0228-9","article-title":"The effects of heuristics and apophenia on probabilistic choice","volume":"13","author":"Ellerby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Advances in Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"ref1081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2012.03.003","article-title":"Analytic cognitive style predicts religious and paranormal belief","volume":"123","author":"Pennycook","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref341","volume-title":"Fallacious beliefs: Gambling and belief in the paranormal","author":"Leonard","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavioral Addictions"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/9\/3\/article-p766.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/9\/3\/article-p766.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T14:15:50Z","timestamp":1723731350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/9\/3\/article-p766.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"references-count":126,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2020.00049","relation":{},"ISSN":["2062-5871","2063-5303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2062-5871","type":"print"},{"value":"2063-5303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]}}}