{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T20:23:26Z","timestamp":1789417406203,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["LY20C090005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY20C090005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although previous studies have revealed gender-related differences in executive function in internet gaming disorder (IGD), neural mechanisms underlying these processes remain unclear, especially in terms of brain networks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 78 subjects with IGD (39 males, <jats:italic>20.8 \u00b1 2.16<\/jats:italic> years old) and 72 with recreational game use (RGU) (39 males, <jats:italic>21.5 \u00b1 2.56<\/jats:italic> years old). By utilizing graph theory, we calculated participation coefficients among brain network modules for all participants and analyzed the diagnostic-group-by-gender interactions. We further explored possible causal relationships between networks through spectral dynamic causal modeling (spDCM) to assess differences in between-network connections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to males with RGU, males with IGD demonstrated reduced modular segregation of the frontal-parietal network (FPN). Male IGD subjects also showed increased connections between the FPN and cingulo-opercular network (CON); however, these differences were not found in female subjects. Further spDCM analysis indicated that the causal influence from CON to FPN in male IGD subjects was enhanced relative to that of RGU males, while this influence was relatively reduced in females with IGD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest poor modular segmentation of the FPN and abnormal FPN\/CON connections in males with IGD, suggesting a mechanism for male vulnerability to IGD. An increased \u201cbottom-up\u201d effect from the CON to FPN in male IGD subjects could reflect dysfunction between the brain networks. Different mechanisms may underlie in IGD, suggesting that different interventions may be optimal in males and females with IGD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2021.00015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T11:12:11Z","timestamp":1615461131000},"page":"123-134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Gender-related differences in frontal-parietal modular segregation and altered effective connectivity in internet gaming disorder"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ningning","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China"},{"name":"2Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China"},{"name":"3Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR 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