{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T07:27:07Z","timestamp":1766647627353,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007553","name":"Gambling Research Exchange Ontario","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000226","name":"Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Casino loyalty programs are marketing strategies designed to foster attitudinal (i.e., identification and satisfaction) and behavioral (i.e., spending) loyalty among gamblers by offering rewards to members. Casino loyalty programs use a tier-based structure to segment members who spend more money into higher tiers, where they receive better rewards (compared to lower tiered members). Tier-based structures may encourage increased expenditure among patrons, especially among players living with a gambling disorder. The current work aimed to examine whether tier status and disordered gambling symptomatology interact to predict attitudinal and behavioral loyalty.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Study 1 used a cross-sectional design to examine whether tier status and disordered gambling symptomatology interact to predict self-reported loyalty among a sample of American casino loyalty program members (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 396). In Study 2, archival player account data from Canadian casino loyalty program members (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 649) were analyzed to examine whether tier status and disordered gambling symptomatology interact to predict objective measures of behavioral loyalty.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The greatest effect of tier status on attitudinal and behavioral loyalty was observed among non-problem gamblers in the highest tiers. Tier status, however, did not influence loyalty among members high in disordered gambling symptomatology.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Results suggest that once gambling has become problematic, loyalty programs may not influence player attitudes and behaviors. Non-problem gamblers may be particularly susceptible to the tiered structure of the programs.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Non-problem gamblers may benefit from casino loyalty programs in the short-term but longitudinal research is needed to understand the long-term influence of membership.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2021.00046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T20:39:26Z","timestamp":1626899966000},"page":"675-682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["On being loyal to a casino: The interactive influence of tier status and disordered gambling symptomatology on attitudinal and behavioral loyalty"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Samantha J.","family":"Hollingshead","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carleton University, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6945-5562","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael J. 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