{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T02:37:14Z","timestamp":1793414234799,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research","award":["No award number"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No award number"]}]},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research","award":["No award number"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No award number"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n The effect of internet-based psychological treatment for gambling problems has not been previously investigated by meta-analysis. The present study is therefore a quantitative synthesis of studies on the effects of internet-based treatment for gambling problems. Given that effects may vary according to the presence of therapist support and control conditions, it was presumed that subgroup analyses would elucidate such effects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A systematic search with no time constraints was conducted in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Two authors independently extracted data using a predefined form, including study quality assessment based on the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Effect sizes were calculated using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was indexed by Cochran\u2019s\n Q<\/jats:italic>\n and the\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n statistics. Publication bias was investigated using trim and fill.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirteen studies were included in the analysis. Random effects models at post-treatment showed significant effects for general gambling symptoms (\n g<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.43\u20131.03), gambling frequency (\n g<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.14\u20130.45), and amount of money lost gambling (\n g<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.11\u20130.27). The corresponding findings at follow-up were\n g<\/jats:italic>\n = 1.20 (95% CI = 0.79\u20131.61),\n g<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.36 (95% CI = 0.12\u20130.60), and\n g<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.20 (95% CI = 0.12\u20130.29) respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that for general gambling symptoms, studies with therapist support yield larger effects than studies without, both post-treatment and at follow-up. Additionally, on general gambling symptoms and gambling frequency, there were lower effect sizes for studies with a control group compared to studies without a control group at follow-up. Studies with higher baseline severity of gambling problems were associated with larger effect sizes at both posttreatment and follow-up than studies with more lenient inclusion criteria concerning gambling problems.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Internet-based treatment has the potential to reach a large proportion of persons with gambling problems. Results of the meta-analysis suggest that such treatments hold promise as an effective approach. Future studies are encouraged to examine moderators of treatment outcomes, validate treatment effects cross-culturally, and investigate the effects of novel developments such as ecological momentary interventions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2021.00062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T13:17:16Z","timestamp":1632143836000},"page":"546-565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Internet-based treatment of gambling problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1902-9378","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dominic","family":"Sagoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8880-6524","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark. D.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8829-8571","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eilin Kristine","family":"Erevik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turid","family":"H\u00f8yland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Leino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ida Alette","family":"Lande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mie Engen","family":"Sigurdsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5831-0840","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"St\u00e5le","family":"Pallesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Optentia, the Vaal 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