{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T12:17:32Z","timestamp":1792844252114,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":142,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719360000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hans A. Krebs Medical Scientist Program of the Medical Faculty of the University of Freiburg","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0245cg223","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DFG 411232260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG 411232260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Freiburg","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0245cg223","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Problematic usage of the internet (PUI) is an umbrella term for a range of uncontrolled, excessive, and potentially harmful online behaviors. Recently, numerous studies have examined the potential of mindfulness programs (MPs) for reducing PUI. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis in this emerging field.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We searched eight databases from inception to October 18, 2022, with no language restrictions. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized trials (NRTs). The primary outcome was change in self-reported PUI, the secondary outcome was change in screen time.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 3,473 identified records, 19 RCTs and 20 NRTs with a total of 1,549 participants were included. Participation in an MP was associated with large reductions in PUI in between-group analysis in RCTs (\n k<\/jats:italic>\n = 19;\n g<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22121.67; 95%\n CI<\/jats:italic>\n \u22122.15, \u22121.19) and in within-group pre-post analysis in all studies (\n k<\/jats:italic>\n = 35;\n g<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22121.67; 95%\n CI<\/jats:italic>\n \u22121.99, \u22121.36). Screen time showed a medium reduction in within-group pre-post analysis (\n k<\/jats:italic>\n = 10;\n g =<\/jats:italic>\n \u22120.65; 95\n % CI<\/jats:italic>\n \u22120.90, \u22120.41). The effects for PUI remained significant in a series of sensitivity analyses, such as excluding low quality studies, excluding outliers, adjusting for publication bias, or using follow-up data. Heterogeneity between studies was high and the overall quality of evidence was rated low.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n MPs are probably effective in reducing PUI and might be effective in reducing screen time. Shortcomings in the quality of evidence highlight the need for high-quality controlled trials with long-term follow-ups to confirm results.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2024.00024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T16:00:36Z","timestamp":1714752036000},"page":"327-353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Mindfulness programs for problematic usage of\u00a0the internet: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3852-5422","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Johannes C.","family":"Fendel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7646-2338","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Annika","family":"Brandtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4858-4220","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefan","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research","first-page":"180","article-title":"Using acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in a group setting to increase quality of life in university students with social media addictions","volume":"494","author":"Ahmad, S. 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