{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:08:46Z","timestamp":1792112926201,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Charles University institutional support programme Cooperatio, research area Health Sciences"},{"name":"Technology agency of the Czech Republic under the SIGMA Programme","award":["TQ12000040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TQ12000040"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the present study was to estimate the complex association between Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), substance use, and other risky behaviours in Czech adolescents whilst providing prevalence estimates of IGD and psychometric information regarding the Czech Internet Gaming Disorder Scale\u2013Short-Form (IGDS9-SF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A representative sample of 3,950 Czech adolescents was recruited through stratified random sampling in the school setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disordered gamers showed frequent use of specific substances such as pharmaceuticals, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide. In contrast, non-gamers had higher prevalence of alcohol, cigarettes, sedatives and tranquillisers, and marijuana use. A logistic regression, utilising IGDS9-SF raw scores and average daily gaming time, revealed a U-shaped relationship between gaming and both alcohol and cigarette use. Additionally, conduct problems such as bullying, and risky in-game behaviours were more prevalent among disordered gamers, with the exception of forging parents' signatures. The overall prevalence of IGD was 3.62% (95% CI = [3.1%, 4.3%]), with higher rates in males (5.89%; 95% CI = [4.9%, 7.0%]) than in females (1.45%; 95% CI = [1.0%, 2.1%]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Czech IGDS9-SF used in the present study showed adequate psychometric properties. The association between gaming and substance use behaviours may be specific and multifaceted depending on the severity of the gaming-related problems. Furthermore, disordered gamers may become more vulnerable due to a higher incidence of conduct problems, bullying (victimisation), and in-game risky behaviours such as engagement with microtransactions mechanics (e.g., loot box) within video games.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2024.00045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T09:50:10Z","timestamp":1726134610000},"page":"742-750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Internet gaming disorder and risky behaviours among Czech adolescents: A nationally representative study"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9668-204X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jaroslava","family":"Such\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9785-5317","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Martin","family":"Dolej\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Palack\u00fd University Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5489-7907","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Dost\u00e1l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Palack\u00fd University Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7252-9937","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Helena","family":"Pipov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Palack\u00fd University Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8020-7623","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Halley M.","family":"Pontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical Manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical Manual of mental disorders (5th ed.)."},{"issue":"1","key":"B2","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"27","article-title":"Is video gaming, or video game addiction, associated with depression, academic achievement, heavy episodic drinking, or conduct problems?","volume":"3","author":"Brunborg, G. S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brunborg, G. S., Mentzoni, R. A., & Fr\u00f8yland, L. R. (2014). Is video gaming, or video game addiction, associated with depression, academic achievement, heavy episodic drinking, or conduct problems? Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(1), 27\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/JBA.3.2014.002."},{"key":"B3","series-title":"PhD. Existence 2014: \u010cesko-slovensk\u00e1 psychologick\u00e1 konference (nejen) pro doktorandy a o doktorandech","first-page":"204","article-title":"Sebapo\u0148atie slovensk\u00fdch dospievaj\u00facich vo vz\u0165ahu k rizikov\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vaniu","author":"\u010cere\u0161n\u00edk, M.","year":"2014","unstructured":"\u010cere\u0161n\u00edk, M. (2014). Sebapo\u0148atie slovensk\u00fdch dospievaj\u00facich vo vz\u0165ahu k rizikov\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vaniu. In E. Maierov\u00e1, R. Proch\u00e1zka, M. Dolej\u0161, & O. Skopal (Eds.), PhD. Existence 2014: \u010cesko-slovensk\u00e1 psychologick\u00e1 konference (nejen) pro doktorandy a o doktorandech (pp. 204\u2013214). Univerzita Palackeho v Olomouci. https:\/\/psych.upol.cz\/fileadmin\/userdata\/FF\/katedry\/pch\/verejnosti\/sbornik_phd-existence-iv.pdf."},{"issue":"APR","key":"B4","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Early substance consumption and problematic use of video games in adolescence","volume":"6","author":"Co\u00ebffec, A.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Co\u00ebffec, A., Romo, L., Cheze, N., Riazuelo, H., Plantey, S., Kotbagi, G., & Kern, L. (2015). Early substance consumption and problematic use of video games in adolescence. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(APR), 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00501."},{"issue":"4","key":"B5","series-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction","first-page":"935","article-title":"Measurement invariance of the nine-item internet gaming disorder scale (IGDS9-SF) across Albania, USA, UK, and Italy","volume":"17","author":"de Palo, V.","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Palo, V., Monacis, L., Sinatra, M., Griffiths, M. D., Pontes, H., Petro, M., & Miceli, S. (2019). Measurement invariance of the nine-item internet gaming disorder scale (IGDS9-SF) across Albania, USA, UK, and Italy. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(4), 935\u2013946. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-018-9925-5."},{"key":"B6","series-title":"European Addiction Research","first-page":"1","article-title":"High-risk gaming is associated with frequent substance use: An exploratory survey among young adults","author":"Di Carlo, F.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Di Carlo, F., Verrastro, V., Alessi, M. C., Sociali, A., Altomare, A. I., Di Natale, C., \u2026 Martinotti, G. (2023). High-risk gaming is associated with frequent substance use: An exploratory survey among young adults. European Addiction Research, 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000529544."},{"key":"B7","article-title":"The scale of risk behaviour in adolescents (SRBA)","author":"Dolej\u0161, M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dolej\u0161, M., & Skopal, O. (2016). The scale of risk behaviour in adolescents (SRBA). [Unpublished manuscript]."},{"issue":"5","key":"B8","series-title":"American Journal of Health Behavior","first-page":"594","article-title":"Problematic use of video games and substance abuse in early adolescence: A\u00a0cross-sectional study","volume":"40","author":"Gallimberti, L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gallimberti, L., Buja, A., Chindamo, S., Rabensteiner, A., Terraneo, A., Marini, E., \u2026 Baldo, V. (2016). Problematic use of video games and substance abuse in early adolescence: A\u00a0cross-sectional study. American Journal of Health Behavior, 40(5), 594\u2013603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5993\/AJHB.40.5.6."},{"key":"B9","series-title":"Psychometrika","first-page":"155","article-title":"Reliability of summed item scores using structural equation modeling: An alternative to coefficient alpha","volume":"74","author":"Green, S. B.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Green, S. B., & Yang, Y. (2009). Reliability of summed item scores using structural equation modeling: An alternative to coefficient alpha. Psychometrika, 74, 155\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11336-008-9099-3."},{"issue":"2","key":"B10","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"284","article-title":"Oppositional defiant disorder\/conduct disorder co-occurrence increases the risk of Internet addiction in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"7","author":"Gunes, H.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gunes, H., Tanidir, C., Adaletli, H., Kilicoglu, A. G., Mutlu, C., Bahali, M. K., \u2026 Uneri, O. S. (2018). Oppositional defiant disorder\/conduct disorder co-occurrence increases the risk of Internet addiction in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 7(2), 284\u2013291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.7.2018.46."},{"issue":"1","key":"B11","series-title":"Electronic J Business Res Methods","first-page":"53","article-title":"Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit","volume":"6","author":"Hooper, D.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. R. (2008). Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic J Business Res Methods, 6(1), 53\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21427\/D7CF7R."},{"issue":"September","key":"B12","series-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health","first-page":"597","article-title":"Risk behavior in adolescence: A psychosocial Framework for understanding and action","volume":"12","author":"Jessor, R.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Jessor, R. (1991). Risk behavior in adolescence: A psychosocial Framework for understanding and action. Journal of Adolescent Health, 12(September), 597\u2013605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/1054-139X(91)90007-K."},{"issue":"2","key":"B13","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"309","article-title":"A scoping review of the association between loot boxes, esports, skin betting, and token wagering with gambling and video gaming behaviors","volume":"12","author":"Kim, H. S.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim, H. S., Leslieorcid, R. D., Stewartorcid, S. H., Kingorcid, D. L., Demetrovicsorcid, Z., Andradeorcid, A. L. M., \u2026 Hodgins, D. C. (2023). A scoping review of the association between loot boxes, esports, skin betting, and token wagering with gambling and video gaming behaviors. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 12(2), 309\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2023.00013."},{"issue":"7","key":"B14","series-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","first-page":"425","article-title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"71","author":"Mihara, S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mihara, S., & Higuchi, S. (2017). Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 71(7), 425\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.12532."},{"issue":"1","key":"B15","series-title":"Adiktologie","first-page":"17","article-title":"Quality assurance policy in harm reduction services in the Czech Republic: A case study of a national system","volume":"23","author":"Miovsk\u00fd, M.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miovsk\u00fd, M., \u010cern\u00edkov\u00e1, T., Kalina, K., & Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1, E. (2023). Quality assurance policy in harm reduction services in the Czech Republic: A case study of a national system. Adiktologie, 23(1), 17\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35198\/01-2023-002-0006."},{"issue":"5","key":"B16","series-title":"European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry","first-page":"565","article-title":"Regular gaming behavior and internet gaming disorder in European adolescents: Results from a cross-national representative survey of prevalence, predictors, and psychopathological correlates","volume":"24","author":"M\u00fcller, K. W.","year":"2015","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, K. W., Janikian, M., Dreier, M., W\u00f6lfling, K., Beutel, M. E., Tzavara, C., \u2026 Tsitsika, A. (2015). Regular gaming behavior and internet gaming disorder in European adolescents: Results from a cross-national representative survey of prevalence, predictors, and psychopathological correlates. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 24(5), 565\u2013574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-014-0611-2."},{"issue":"June","key":"B17","series-title":"Psychiatry Research","article-title":"Prevalence of problematic Internet use and problematic gaming in Spanish adolescents","volume":"326","author":"Nogueira-L\u00f3pez, A.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nogueira-L\u00f3pez, A., Rial-Boubeta, A., Guadix-Garc\u00eda, I., Villanueva-Blasco, V. J., & Billieux, J. (2023). Prevalence of problematic Internet use and problematic gaming in Spanish adolescents. Psychiatry Research, 326(June), 115317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2023.115317."},{"issue":"8\u00a0August","key":"B18","series-title":"Plos One","first-page":"1","article-title":"Association patterns of cannabis abuse and dependence with risk of problematic non-substance-related dysregulated and addictive behaviors","volume":"16","author":"Perales, J. C.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Perales, J. C., Maldonado, A., L\u00f3pez-Quirantes, E. M., & L\u00f3pez-Torrecillas, F. (2021). Association patterns of cannabis abuse and dependence with risk of problematic non-substance-related dysregulated and addictive behaviors. Plos One, 16(8\u00a0August), 1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0255872."},{"key":"B19","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","first-page":"137","article-title":"Measuring DSM-5 internet gaming disorder: Development and validation of a short psychometric scale","volume":"45","author":"Pontes, H. M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pontes, H. M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Measuring DSM-5 internet gaming disorder: Development and validation of a short psychometric scale. Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 137\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2014.12.006."},{"issue":"2","key":"B20","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"304","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder among slovenian primary schoolchildren: Findings from a nationally representative sample of adolescents","volume":"5","author":"Pontes, H. M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pontes, H. M., Macur, M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2016). Internet gaming disorder among slovenian primary schoolchildren: Findings from a nationally representative sample of adolescents. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 5(2), 304\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.5.2016.042."},{"issue":"February 2021","key":"B21","series-title":"Social Science and Medicine","article-title":"The interplay between time spent gaming and disordered gaming: A\u00a0large-scale world-wide study","volume":"296","author":"Pontes, H. M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pontes, H. M., Schivinski, B., Kannen, C., & Montag, C. (2022). The interplay between time spent gaming and disordered gaming: A\u00a0large-scale world-wide study. Social Science and Medicine, 296(February 2021), 114721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.114721."},{"key":"B22","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2019","unstructured":"R Core Team (2019). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"B23","series-title":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","article-title":"The role of microtransactions in internet gaming disorder and gambling disorder: A preregistered systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Raneri, P. C.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Raneri, P. C., Montag, C., Rozgonjuk, D., Satel, J., & Pontes, H. M. (2022). The role of microtransactions in internet gaming disorder and gambling disorder: A preregistered systematic review. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 15, 100415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abrep.2022.100415."},{"key":"B24","series-title":"Global digital games market (2014-2022) - Research and Markets","author":"Research and Markets","year":"2018","unstructured":"Research and Markets (2018). Global digital games market (2014-2022) - Research and Markets. https:\/\/www.researchandmarkets.com\/research\/73xprq\/global_digital?w=4."},{"issue":"3","key":"B25","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"497","article-title":"Conduct problems and depressive symptoms in association with problem gambling and gaming: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Richard, J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Richard, J., Fletcher, E., Boutin, S., Derevensky, J., & Temcheff, C. (2020). Conduct problems and depressive symptoms in association with problem gambling and gaming: A systematic review. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(3), 497\u2013533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2020.00045."},{"issue":"4","key":"B26","series-title":"Neuropsychiatrie","first-page":"181","article-title":"Usage patterns of internet and computer games: Results of an observational study of Tyrolean adolescents","volume":"30","author":"Riedl, D.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Riedl, D., St\u00f6ckl, A., Nussbaumer, C., Rumpold, G., Sevecke, K., & Fuchs, M. (2016). Usage patterns of internet and computer games: Results of an observational study of Tyrolean adolescents. Neuropsychiatrie, 30(4), 181\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40211-016-0205-y."},{"key":"B27","series-title":"Journal of Statistical Software","article-title":"Lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling","volume":"48","author":"Rosseel, Y.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rosseel, Y. (2012). Lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48, 59784967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v048.i02."},{"issue":"11","key":"B28","series-title":"Current Psychology","first-page":"7522","article-title":"Can risky behaviors, gaming addiction, and family sense of coherence accurately classify gender among university students?","volume":"41","author":"Savci, M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Savci, M., Ercengiz, M., Yildiz, B., Griffiths, M. C. S. P. S. P. D., & Aysan, F. (2022). Can risky behaviors, gaming addiction, and family sense of coherence accurately classify gender among university students? Current Psychology, 41(11), 7522\u20137531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-020-01284-0."},{"issue":"2","key":"B29","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"493","article-title":"Gaming under the influence: An exploratory study","volume":"7","author":"Ska\u0159upova, K.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ska\u0159upova, K., Blinka, L., & T\u00e1pal, A. (2018). Gaming under the influence: An exploratory study. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 7(2), 493\u2013498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.7.2018.27."},{"issue":"2","key":"B30","series-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction","first-page":"377","article-title":"Measurement invariance of the internet gaming disorder scale\u2013short-form (IGDS9-SF) between Australia, the USA, and the UK","volume":"16","author":"Stavropoulos, V.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stavropoulos, V., Beard, C., Griffiths, M. D., Buleigh, T., Gomez, R., & Pontes, H. M. (2018). Measurement invariance of the internet gaming disorder scale\u2013short-form (IGDS9-SF) between Australia, the USA, and the UK. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 16(2), 377\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-017-9786-3."},{"key":"B31","article-title":"Questionnaire of digital game playing (QDGP)","author":"Such\u00e1, J.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Such\u00e1, J., Dolej\u0161, M., & Pipov\u00e1, H. (2019). Questionnaire of digital game playing (QDGP). [Unpublished manuscript]."},{"issue":"1","key":"B32","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"116","article-title":"Parent\u2013adolescent attachment and peer attachment associated with internet gaming disorder: A longitudinal study of first-year undergraduate students","volume":"9","author":"Teng, Z.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Teng, Z., Griffiths, M. D., Nie, Q., Xiang, G., & Guo, C. (2020). Parent\u2013adolescent attachment and peer attachment associated with internet gaming disorder: A longitudinal study of first-year undergraduate students. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(1), 116\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2020.00011."},{"issue":"3","key":"B33","series-title":"Substance Use and Misuse","first-page":"384","article-title":"Little video-gaming in adolescents can be protective, but too much is associated with increased substance use","volume":"54","author":"Turel, O.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Turel, O., & Bechara, A. (2019). Little video-gaming in adolescents can be protective, but too much is associated with increased substance use. Substance Use and Misuse, 54(3), 384\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10826084.2018.1496455."},{"issue":"11","key":"B34","series-title":"Behaviour and Information Technology","first-page":"1720","article-title":"Self-determination theory approach to understanding the impact of videogames on wellbeing during COVID-19 restrictions","volume":"42","author":"T\u00fcrkay, S.","year":"2022","unstructured":"T\u00fcrkay, S., Lin, A., Johnson, D., & Formosa, J. (2022). Self-determination theory approach to understanding the impact of videogames on wellbeing during COVID-19 restrictions. Behaviour and Information Technology, 42(11), 1720\u20131739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0144929X.2022.2094832."},{"key":"B35","series-title":"Current Psychology","first-page":"2609","article-title":"The effects of violent video games on reactive-proactive aggression and cyberbullying","author":"U\u00e7ur, \u00d6.","year":"2022","unstructured":"U\u00e7ur, \u00d6., & D\u00f6nmez, Y. E. (2022). The effects of violent video games on reactive-proactive aggression and cyberbullying. Current Psychology, 2609\u20132618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-022-04045-3."},{"issue":"3","key":"B36","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"157","article-title":"The (co-)occurrence of problematic video gaming, substance use, and psychosocial problems in adolescents","volume":"3","author":"Van Rooij, A. J.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Van Rooij, A. J., Kuss, D. J., Griffiths, M. D., Shorter, G. W., Schoenmakers, T. M., & Van De Mheen, D. (2014). The (co-)occurrence of problematic video gaming, substance use, and psychosocial problems in adolescents. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(3), 157\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/JBA.3.2014.013."},{"issue":"4","key":"B37","series-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking","first-page":"267","article-title":"Loot boxes, gambling, and problem gambling among young people: Results from a cross-sectional online survey","volume":"24","author":"Wardle, H.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wardle, H., & Zendle, D. (2021). Loot boxes, gambling, and problem gambling among young people: Results from a cross-sectional online survey. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 24(4), 267\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2020.0299."},{"issue":"25","key":"B38","series-title":"Deutsches Arzteblatt International","first-page":"419","article-title":"The prevalence and psychosocial correlates of Internet gaming disorder \u2013 Analysis in a nationally representative sample of 12- to 25-year-olds","volume":"114","author":"Wartberg, L.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wartberg, L., Kriston, L., & Thomasius, R. (2017). The prevalence and psychosocial correlates of Internet gaming disorder \u2013 Analysis in a nationally representative sample of 12- to 25-year-olds. Deutsches Arzteblatt International, 114(25), 419\u2013424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2017.0419."},{"key":"B39","series-title":"The international classification of diseases and related health problems 11th edition (ICD-11). 6C51 Gaming disorder","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023). The international classification of diseases and related health problems 11th edition (ICD-11). 6C51 Gaming disorder. https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse11\/l-m\/en#\/http%3A%2F%2Fid.who.int%2Ficd%2Fentity%2F1448597234."},{"key":"B40","series-title":"Education and information technologies (Issue 0123456789)","article-title":"Children\u2019s social problem-solving skills in playing videogames and traditional games: A\u00a0systematic review","author":"Y\u0131lmaz, E.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Y\u0131lmaz, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). Children\u2019s social problem-solving skills in playing videogames and traditional games: A\u00a0systematic review. In Education and information technologies (Issue 0123456789). Springer US. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11663-2."},{"issue":"2","key":"B41","series-title":"Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions","first-page":"147","article-title":"The impact of heavy (excessive) video gaming students on peers and teachers in the school environment: A qualitative study","volume":"5","author":"Y\u0131lmaz, E.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Y\u0131lmaz, E., Yel, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2018). The impact of heavy (excessive) video gaming students on peers and teachers in the school environment: A qualitative study. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 5(2), 147\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15805\/addicta.2018.5.2.0035."},{"issue":"6","key":"B42","series-title":"American Journal of Health Behavior","first-page":"705","article-title":"Prevalence of internet gaming disorder","volume":"40","author":"Yu, H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu, H., & Cho, J. (2016). Prevalence of internet gaming disorder. American Journal of Health Behavior, 40(6), 705\u2013716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5993\/AJHB.40.6.3."},{"issue":"May","key":"B43","series-title":"Children and Youth Services Review","article-title":"The relationship between bullying victimization and online game addiction among Chinese early adolescents: The potential role of meaning in life and gender differences","volume":"116","author":"Zhao, H.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao, H., Li, X., Zhou, J., Nie, Q., & Zhou, J. (2020). The relationship between bullying victimization and online game addiction among Chinese early adolescents: The potential role of meaning in life and gender differences. Children and Youth Services Review, 116(May), 105261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105261."},{"issue":"2","key":"B44","series-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction","first-page":"466","article-title":"Psychoactive substance use and problematic internet use as predictors of bullying and cyberbullying victimization","volume":"16","author":"Zsila, \u00c1.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zsila, \u00c1., Orosz, G., Kir\u00e1ly, O., Urb\u00e1n, R., Ujhelyi, A., J\u00e1rmi, \u00c9., \u2026 Demetrovics, Z. (2018). Psychoactive substance use and problematic internet use as predictors of bullying and cyberbullying victimization. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 16(2), 466\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-017-9809-0."}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavioral Addictions"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/13\/3\/article-p742.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/13\/3\/article-p742.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/13\/3\/article-p742.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T11:11:42Z","timestamp":1728040302000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/13\/3\/article-p742.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2024.00045","relation":{},"ISSN":["2062-5871","2063-5303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2062-5871","type":"print"},{"value":"2063-5303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]}}}