{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:27:53Z","timestamp":1791822473118,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hong Kong Research Grants Council's General Research Fund","award":["106200251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["106200251"]}]},{"name":"The University of Hong Kong's Seed Fund for Basic Research","award":["104006091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["104006091"]}]},{"name":"Knowledge Exchange Strategic Impact Fund","award":["KE-SI-2022\/23-80"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KE-SI-2022\/23-80"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gaming disorder (GD) is a prevalent and complex issue that has recently been recognized as a condition that impairs mental health, underscoring the urgent need for early prevention measures. This evaluation study examined the effectiveness of the Digital Netizen Alliance (D.N.A.) program, a new multicomponent positive psychology program for preventing GD and bolstering mental wellness among Chinese children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Drawing on gamification and positive psychology principles, the program builds four key positive skills collectively referred to as the P-A-G-E framework: psychological resilience, active coping, growth mindset, and emotion regulation. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 264 primary school pupils attending fourth, fifth, or sixth grade in Hong Kong (63% female; mean age = 10.83, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 1.18).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings revealed that participation in the program effectively promoted active coping, a growth mindset, and emotion regulation. Moreover, program participation alleviated GD symptoms and reduced negative affect. These desirable changes were fully\u00a0explained by the P-A-G-E framework.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The new D.N.A. program, which cultivates the positive psychology skills specified in the P-A-G-E framework, facilitates favorable psychological changes among children. These results emphasize the importance of using multicomponent frameworks for interventions targeting GD prevention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2024.00052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T09:36:22Z","timestamp":1727688982000},"page":"871-883","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evaluation of a multicomponent positive psychology program to prevent gaming disorder and enhance mental wellness in primary pupils: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7250-2224","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Social and Health Psychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8929-4102","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shuo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9830-4875","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Si","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social and Health Psychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"B2","series-title":"Journal of Personality","first-page":"923","article-title":"A\u00a0dispositional and situational assessment of children's coping: Testing alternative models of coping","volume":"64","author":"Ayers, T. S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ayers, T. S., Sandier, I. N., West, S. G., & Roosa, M. W. (1996). A\u00a0dispositional and situational assessment of children's coping: Testing alternative models of coping. Journal of Personality, 64(4), 923\u2013958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00949.x."},{"issue":"3","key":"B3","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"667","article-title":"Gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"B\u00e4cklund, C.","year":"2022","unstructured":"B\u00e4cklund, C., Elbe, P., Gavelin, H. M., S\u00f6rman, D. E., & Ljungberg, J. K. (2022). Gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 11(3), 667\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2022.00053."},{"issue":"4","key":"B4","series-title":"Current Addiction Reports","first-page":"553","article-title":"Gaming disorder in children and adolescents: Risk factors and preventive approaches","volume":"7","author":"Bender, P. K.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bender, P. K., Kim, E.-L., & Gentile, D. A. (2020). Gaming disorder in children and adolescents: Risk factors and preventive approaches. Current Addiction Reports, 7(4), 553\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40429-020-00337-5."},{"issue":"22","key":"B5","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","article-title":"Effects of positive psychology interventions on the well-being of young children: A systematic literature review","volume":"18","author":"Benoit, V.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Benoit, V., & Gabola, P. (2021). Effects of positive psychology interventions on the well-being of young children: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(22), 12065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph182212065."},{"key":"B6","series-title":"Cognition and addiction","first-page":"221","article-title":"Cognitive factors associated with gaming disorder","author":"Billieux, J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Billieux, J., Potenza, M. N., Maurage, P., Brevers, D., Brand, M., & King, D. L. (2020). Cognitive factors associated with gaming disorder. In A. Verdejo-Garcia (Ed.), Cognition and addiction (pp. 221\u2013230). Academic Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-815298-0.00016-2."},{"key":"B7","series-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Interaction of\u00a0Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet-use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors","volume":"104","author":"Brand, M.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brand, M., Wegmann, E., Stark, R., M\u00fcller, A., W\u00f6lfling, K., Robbins, T. W., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). The Interaction of\u00a0Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet-use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.06.032."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"B8","series-title":"Psychological Bulletin","first-page":"174","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of growth mindset interventions: For whom, how, and why might such interventions work?","volume":"149","author":"Burnette, J. L.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Burnette, J. L., Billingsley, J., Banks, G. C., Knouse, L. E., Hoyt, C. L., Pollack, J. M., & Simon, S. (2022). A systematic review and meta-analysis of growth mindset interventions: For whom, how, and why might such interventions work? Psychological Bulletin, 149(3\u20134), 174\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/bul0000368."},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychology","first-page":"2468","article-title":"Gamification for Internet gaming disorder prevention: Evaluation of a Wise IT-use (WIT) program for Hong Kong primary students","volume":"10","author":"Chau, C.-l.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chau, C.-l., Tsui, Y. Y.-y., & Cheng, C. (2019). Gamification for Internet gaming disorder prevention: Evaluation of a Wise IT-use (WIT) program for Hong Kong primary students. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.02468."},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","article-title":"Effective interventions for gaming disorder: A systematic review of randomized control trials","volume":"14","author":"Chen, Y.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Lu, J., Wang, L., & Gao, X. (2023). Effective interventions for gaming disorder: A systematic review of randomized control trials. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1098922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1098922."},{"key":"B12","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","first-page":"153","article-title":"Multinational comparison of Internet gaming disorder and psychosocial problems versus well-being: Meta-analysis of 20 countries","volume":"88","author":"Cheng, C.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cheng, C., Cheung, M. W. L., & Wang, H. y. (2018). Multinational comparison of Internet gaming disorder and psychosocial problems versus well-being: Meta-analysis of 20 countries. Computers in Human Behavior, 88, 153\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2018.06.033."},{"issue":"11","key":"B13","series-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports","first-page":"577","article-title":"Gamification: A novel approach to mental health promotion","volume":"25","author":"Cheng, C.","year":"2023a","unstructured":"Cheng, C., & Ebrahimi, O. V. (2023a). Gamification: A novel approach to mental health promotion. Current Psychiatry Reports, 25(11), 577\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11920-023-01453-5."},{"key":"B14","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","article-title":"A meta-analytic review of gamified interventions in mental health enhancement","volume":"141","author":"Cheng, C.","year":"2023b","unstructured":"Cheng, C., & Ebrahimi, O. V. (2023b). A meta-analytic review of gamified interventions in mental health enhancement. Computers in Human Behavior, 141, 107621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2022.107621."},{"key":"B16","series-title":"Mindset: The new psychology of success","author":"Dweck, C. S.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success (1st\u00a0ed.). Random House."},{"key":"B17","series-title":"Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development","author":"Dweck, C. S.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dweck, C. S. (2013). Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. Psychology."},{"issue":"2","key":"B18","series-title":"Psychological Review","first-page":"256","article-title":"A social-cognitive approach to\u00a0motivation and personality","volume":"95","author":"Dweck, C. S.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to\u00a0motivation and personality. Psychological Review, 95(2), 256\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.95.2.256."},{"issue":"5","key":"B19","series-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology","first-page":"524","article-title":"Prevalence of internet gaming disorder in adolescents: A meta-analysis across three decades","volume":"59","author":"Fam, J. Y.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fam, J. Y. (2018). Prevalence of internet gaming disorder in adolescents: A meta-analysis across three decades. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 59(5), 524\u2013531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sjop.12459."},{"issue":"4","key":"B20","series-title":"Behavior Research Methods","first-page":"1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and\u00a0regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"Faul, F.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and\u00a0regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149\u20131160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149."},{"issue":"2","key":"B22","series-title":"Electronic Journal of e-Learning","first-page":"94","article-title":"Climbing up the leaderboard: An empirical study of applying gamification techniques to a computer programming class","volume":"14","author":"Fotaris, P.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fotaris, P., Mastoras, T., Leinfellner, R., & Rosunally, Y. (2016). Climbing up the leaderboard: An empirical study of applying gamification techniques to a computer programming class. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 14(2), 94\u2013110. https:\/\/www.learntechlib.org\/p\/175461\/."},{"key":"B23","series-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research","first-page":"35","article-title":"The prevalence and\u00a0possible risk factors of internet gaming disorder among adolescents and young adults: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"154","author":"Gao, Y.-X.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao, Y.-X., Wang, J.-Y., & Dong, G.-H. (2022). The prevalence and\u00a0possible risk factors of internet gaming disorder among adolescents and young adults: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 154, 35\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.06.049."},{"issue":"6","key":"B24","series-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment","first-page":"774","article-title":"The emotion regulation questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ-CA): Factor structure and measurement invariance in a Chinese student samples","volume":"104","author":"Gong, J.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gong, J., Wang, M.-C., Zhang, X., Zeng, H., & Yang, W. (2022). The emotion regulation questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ-CA): Factor structure and measurement invariance in a Chinese student samples. Journal of Personality Assessment, 104(6), 774\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00223891.2021.2014506."},{"issue":"9","key":"B25","series-title":"Sensors","first-page":"3567","article-title":"Gender and age differences in preferences on game elements and platforms","volume":"22","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gonz\u00e1lez, C. S.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gonz\u00e1lez, C. S., Toledo-Delgado, P. A., Mu\u00f1oz-Cruz, V., & Arnedo-Moreno, J. (2022). Gender and age differences in preferences on game elements and platforms. Sensors, 22(9), 3567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s22093567."},{"issue":"2","key":"B26","series-title":"Psychological Assessment","first-page":"409","article-title":"The emotion regulation questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ\u2013CA): A psychometric evaluation","volume":"24","author":"Gullone, E.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gullone, E., & Taffe, J. (2012). The emotion regulation questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ\u2013CA): A psychometric evaluation. Psychological Assessment, 24(2), 409\u2013417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0025777."},{"key":"B27","series-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression\u2010based approach","author":"Hayes, A. F.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression\u2010based approach (2nd ed.). Guilford."},{"key":"B28","series-title":"The PROCESS macro for SPSS and SAS [Computer software]","author":"Hayes, A. F.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hayes, A. F. (2022). The PROCESS macro for SPSS and SAS [Computer software]. http:\/\/www.processmacro.org\/index.html."},{"issue":"12","key":"B29","series-title":"Plos One","article-title":"Children\u2019s mobile-gaming preferences, online risks, and mental health","volume":"17","author":"Hou, C.-Y.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hou, C.-Y., Rutherford, R., Chang, H., Chang, F.-C., Shumei, L., Chiu, C.-H., \u2026 Chuang, H.-Y. (2022). Children\u2019s mobile-gaming preferences, online risks, and mental health. Plos One, 17(12), e0278290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0278290."},{"issue":"4","key":"B30","series-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","first-page":"332","article-title":"Risk and protective factors of internet gaming disorder among Chinese people: A meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Ji, Y.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ji, Y., Yin, M. X. C., Zhang, A. Y., & Wong, D. F. K. (2022). Risk and protective factors of internet gaming disorder among Chinese people: A meta-analysis. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 56(4), 332\u2013346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004867421102570."},{"issue":"7","key":"B31","series-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","first-page":"945","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of diagnosis for Internet gaming disorder: Comparison of DSM-5 IGD and ICD-11 GD diagnosis","volume":"8","author":"Jo, Y. S.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jo, Y. S., Bhang, S. Y., Choi, J. S., Lee, H. K., Lee, S. Y., & Kweon, Y.-S. (2019). Clinical characteristics of diagnosis for Internet gaming disorder: Comparison of DSM-5 IGD and ICD-11 GD diagnosis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(7), 945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm8070945."},{"issue":"2","key":"B32","series-title":"Transcultural Psychiatry","first-page":"149","article-title":"Rethinking cultural competence","volume":"49","author":"Kirmayer, L. J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kirmayer, L. J. (2012). Rethinking cultural competence. Transcultural Psychiatry, 49(2), 149\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1363461512444673."},{"issue":"4","key":"B34","series-title":"Research on Social Work Practice","first-page":"350","article-title":"Positive psychology intervention to alleviate child depression and increase life satisfaction: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"26","author":"Kwok, S. Y. C. L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kwok, S. Y. C. L., Gu, M., & Kit, K. T. K. (2016). Positive psychology intervention to alleviate child depression and increase life satisfaction: A randomized clinical trial. Research on Social Work Practice, 26(4), 350\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049731516629799."},{"issue":"1","key":"B35","series-title":"Community Mental Health Journal","first-page":"113","article-title":"The effects of escape from self and interpersonal relationship on the pathological use of Internet games","volume":"47","author":"Kwon, J.-H.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kwon, J.-H., Chung, C.-S., & Lee, J. (2011). The effects of escape from self and interpersonal relationship on the pathological use of Internet games. Community Mental Health Journal, 47(1), 113\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10597-009-9236-1."},{"key":"B36","series-title":"Personality and Individual Differences","article-title":"A serial mediation model testing growth mindset, life satisfaction, and perceived distress as predictors of perseverance of effort","volume":"167","author":"Lam, K. K. L.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lam, K. K. L., & Zhou, M. (2020). A serial mediation model testing growth mindset, life satisfaction, and perceived distress as predictors of perseverance of effort. Personality and Individual Differences, 167, 110262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110262."},{"key":"B37","series-title":"Psychological Assessment","first-page":"326","article-title":"A measure of positive and negative affect for children: Scale development and preliminary validation","volume":"11","author":"Laurent, J.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Laurent, J., Catanzaro, S. J., Joiner, T. E., Jr., Rudolph, K. D., Potter, K. I., Lambert, S., \u2026 Gathright, T. (1999). A measure of positive and negative affect for children: Scale development and preliminary validation. Psychological Assessment, 11, 326\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1040-3590.11.3.326."},{"issue":"1","key":"B38","series-title":"Applied Sciences","first-page":"121","article-title":"Enabling physical activity with augmented reality gamification for reducing internet gaming disorder","volume":"14","author":"Lee, Y. S.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee, Y. S., & Huh, J. H. (2024). Enabling physical activity with augmented reality gamification for reducing internet gaming disorder. Applied Sciences, 14(1), 121."},{"issue":"2","key":"B39","series-title":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","first-page":"e131","article-title":"The CYRM-12: A\u00a0brief measure of resilience","volume":"104","author":"Liebenberg, L.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liebenberg, L., Ungar, M., & LeBlanc, J. C. (2013). The CYRM-12: A\u00a0brief measure of resilience. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 104(2), e131\u2013e135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF03405676."},{"issue":"2","key":"B40","series-title":"JAMA Network Open","article-title":"Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy\u2013based intervention in preventing gaming disorder and unspecified internet use disorder in adolescents: A cluster randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Lindenberg, K.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lindenberg, K., Kindt, S., & Sz\u00e1sz-Janocha, C. (2022). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy\u2013based intervention in preventing gaming disorder and unspecified internet use disorder in adolescents: A cluster randomized clinical trial. JAMA Network Open, 5(2), e2148995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.48995."},{"issue":"5","key":"B41","series-title":"International Journal of Psychology","first-page":"398","article-title":"Chinese adaptation of emotion regulation questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ-CCA): A psychometric evaluation in Chinese children","volume":"52","author":"Liu, W.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu, W., Chen, L., & Tu, X. (2017). Chinese adaptation of emotion regulation questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ-CCA): A psychometric evaluation in Chinese children. International Journal of Psychology, 52(5), 398\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijop.12233."},{"key":"B42","series-title":"Psychiatry Research","article-title":"A\u00a0network analysis of Internet gaming disorder symptoms","volume":"311","author":"Liu, D.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, D., Lemmens, J., Hong, X., Li, B., Hao, J., & Yue, Y. (2022). A\u00a0network analysis of Internet gaming disorder symptoms. Psychiatry Research, 311, 114507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.114507."},{"key":"B43","series-title":"Psychiatry Research","first-page":"343","article-title":"Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Korean Scale for Internet Addiction (K-Scale) in Japanese high school students","volume":"249","author":"Mak, K.-K.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mak, K.-K., Nam, J. K., Kim, D., Aum, N., Choi, J.-S., Cheng, C., \u2026 Watanabe, H. (2017). Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Korean Scale for Internet Addiction (K-Scale) in Japanese high school students. Psychiatry Research, 249, 343\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/j.psychres.2017.01.044."},{"key":"B45","series-title":"Clinical Psychology Review","article-title":"Global prevalence of digital addiction in general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"92","author":"Meng, S.-Q.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meng, S.-Q., Cheng, J.-L., Li, Y.-Y., Yang, X.-Q., Zheng, J.-W., Chang, X.-W., \u2026 Shi, J. (2022). Global prevalence of digital addiction in general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 92, 102128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2022.102128."},{"key":"B46","series-title":"Children and Youth Services Review","first-page":"332","article-title":"Validation of the Chinese version of the 12-item child and youth resilience measure","volume":"70","author":"Mu, G. M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mu, G. M., & Hu, Y. (2016). Validation of the Chinese version of the 12-item child and youth resilience measure. Children and Youth Services Review, 70, 332\u2013339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2016.09.037."},{"key":"B49","series-title":"Evidence-based outcome research: A practical guide to conducting randomized controlled trials for psychosocial interventions","author":"Nezu, A. M.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nezu, A. M., & Nezu, C. M. (2007). Evidence-based outcome research: A practical guide to conducting randomized controlled trials for psychosocial interventions. Oxford University."},{"key":"B50","series-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","first-page":"612","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiology of internet addiction","volume":"118","author":"Pan, Y.-C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan, Y.-C., Chiu, Y.-C., & Lin, Y.-H. (2020). Systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiology of internet addiction. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 118, 612\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.08.013."},{"issue":"3","key":"B51","series-title":"Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology","first-page":"397","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the positive and negative affect scale for children","volume":"23","author":"Pan, T.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pan, T., Ding, X.-C., Sang, B., Liu, Y., Xie, S.-Y., & Feng, X.-Y. (2015). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the positive and negative affect scale for children. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 23(3), 397\u2013400."},{"issue":"1","key":"B53","series-title":"BMC Medicine","first-page":"18","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials","volume":"8","author":"Schulz, K. F.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., & Moher, D., & Consort Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMC Medicine, 8(1),\u00a018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1741-7015-8-18."},{"issue":"6","key":"B55","series-title":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","first-page":"553","article-title":"Global prevalence of gaming disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Stevens, M. W. R.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stevens, M. W. R., Dorstyn, D., Delfabbro, P. H., & King, D. L. (2020). Global prevalence of gaming disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 55(6), 553\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004867420962851."},{"issue":"3","key":"B56","series-title":"Journal of Computer Information Systems","first-page":"204","article-title":"Enhancing user engagement through gamification","volume":"58","author":"Suh, A.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suh, A., Wagner, C., & Liu, L. (2018). Enhancing user engagement through gamification. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 58(3), 204\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08874417.2016.1229143."},{"issue":"4","key":"B57","series-title":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","first-page":"362","article-title":"Problem mobile gaming: The role of mobile gaming habits, context, and platform","volume":"39","author":"Syvertsen, A.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Syvertsen, A., Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., King, D. L., & Pallesen, S. (2022). Problem mobile gaming: The role of mobile gaming habits, context, and platform. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 39(4), 362\u2013378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14550725221083189."},{"issue":"1","key":"B58","series-title":"BMC Medical Education","first-page":"860","article-title":"The effect of gamification-based training on the knowledge, attitudes, and academic achievement of male adolescents in preventing substance and internet addiction","volume":"23","author":"Taghipour, E.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Taghipour, E., Vizeshfar, F., & Zarifsanaiey, N. (2023). The effect of gamification-based training on the knowledge, attitudes, and academic achievement of male adolescents in preventing substance and internet addiction. BMC Medical Education, 23(1), 860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-023-04858-1."},{"key":"B59","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","article-title":"Symptomatology, risk, and protective factors of gaming disorder: A\u00a0network analytical approach","volume":"148","author":"Tang, M. C.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang, M. C., Ebrahimi, O. V., & Cheng, C. (2023). Symptomatology, risk, and protective factors of gaming disorder: A\u00a0network analytical approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 148, 107899."},{"key":"B60","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","first-page":"1726","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder, risky online behaviour, and mental health in Hong Kong adolescents: The beneficial role of psychological resilience","volume":"12","author":"Tsui, Y. Y.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tsui, Y. Y., & Cheng, C. (2021). Internet gaming disorder, risky online behaviour, and mental health in Hong Kong adolescents: The beneficial role of psychological resilience. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 1726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.722353."},{"key":"B61","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation and comparison of two gaming disorder measures derived from the\u00a0DSM-5 and ICD-11 frameworks","volume":"11","author":"Wang, H.-Y.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, H.-Y., & Cheng, C. (2020). Psychometric evaluation and comparison of two gaming disorder measures derived from the\u00a0DSM-5 and ICD-11 frameworks. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 577366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.577366."},{"key":"B62","series-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","article-title":"Associations between gaming motivation and Internet gaming disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Wang, H.-Y.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, H.-Y., & Cheng, C. (2022). Associations between gaming motivation and Internet gaming disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 9, e23700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/23700."},{"key":"B63","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","first-page":"1","article-title":"Digital nativity and information technology addiction: Age cohort versus individual difference approaches","volume":"90","author":"Wang, H.-Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, H.-Y., Sigerson, L., & Cheng, C. (2019). Digital nativity and information technology addiction: Age cohort versus individual difference approaches. Computers in Human Behavior, 90, 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2018.08.031."},{"issue":"9","key":"B64","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","first-page":"5587","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder: Evidence for a risk and resilience approach","volume":"19","author":"Warburton, W. A.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Warburton, W. A., Parkes, S., & Sweller, N. (2022). Internet gaming disorder: Evidence for a risk and resilience approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 5587."},{"key":"B66","series-title":"Gaming disorder","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2018). Gaming disorder. http:\/\/www.who.int\/features\/qa\/gaming-disorder\/en\/ [Retrieved 18 June 2020]."},{"key":"B67","series-title":"Neuroscience Bulletin","first-page":"825","article-title":"An overview of the expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of gaming disorder in China","volume":"36","author":"Xiang, Y.-T.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xiang, Y.-T., Jin, Y., Zhang, L., Li, L., Ungvari, G. S., Ng, C. H., \u2026 Hao, W. (2020). An overview of the expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of gaming disorder in China. Neuroscience Bulletin, 36, 825\u2013828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-020-00475-w."},{"key":"B68","series-title":"Children and Youth Services Review","article-title":"Prevalence and socio-demographic, anthropometric, and cognitive correlates of internet gaming disorder among children in China","volume":"122","author":"Yang, X.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang, X., Huang, B., & Wong, K. M. (2021). Prevalence and socio-demographic, anthropometric, and cognitive correlates of internet gaming disorder among children in China. Children and Youth Services Review, 122, 105893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105893."},{"key":"B69","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychology","article-title":"Effect of growth mindset on school engagement and psychological well-being of Chinese primary and middle school students: The mediating role of resilience","volume":"7","author":"Zeng, G.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeng, G., Hou, H., & Peng, K. (2016). Effect of growth mindset on school engagement and psychological well-being of Chinese primary and middle school students: The mediating role of resilience. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01873."},{"issue":"1","key":"B70","series-title":"Scientific Reports","article-title":"Active and avoidant coping profiles in children and their relationship with anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"12","author":"Zhang, Q.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Zhou, Y., & Ho, S. M. Y. (2022). Active and avoidant coping profiles in children and their relationship with anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 13430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-15793-4."}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavioral Addictions"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/13\/3\/article-p871.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/13\/3\/article-p871.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/13\/3\/article-p871.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T15:12:19Z","timestamp":1728054739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/13\/3\/article-p871.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2024.00052","relation":{},"ISSN":["2062-5871","2063-5303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2062-5871","type":"print"},{"value":"2063-5303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]}}}