{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:15:46Z","timestamp":1787022946276,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2021ZD0203804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZD0203804"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32300898"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32300898"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017630","name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Foundation, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22YJC190031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22YJC190031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017630","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent problematic gaming is a global public health issue, and is associated with numerous negative outcomes. The Big Two personality traits, neuroticism and extraversion, have been identified as significant predictors of problematic gaming in adolescents. However, most previous studies have been cross-sectional, limiting the ability to explore their mutual influences or causality inference. This study addresses this gap by employing a longitudinal design and utilizing the Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model (RI-CLPM) to examine the bidirectional relations between the Big Two personality traits and problematic gaming at the within-person level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 3,307 students (Mean age = 11.30, SD = 0.48, 43.6% being girls). Participants were assessed annually, completing a total of four assessments over the course of the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RI-CLPM analyses revealed that neuroticism and problematic gaming significantly predict each other. Extraversion acts as a protective factor against adolescent problematic gaming, whereas problematic gaming leads to a decrease in extraversion levels. Additionally, the longitudinal relations between neuroticism and problematic gaming exhibit significant sex differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides insights into the interplay between the Big Two personality traits and problematic gaming in adolescents. These findings emphasize the need for prevention and intervention strategies that address personality traits as risk factors while recognizing how problematic gaming can influence personality, promoting a more holistic approach. The observed sex differences highlight the importance of integrating sex-specific considerations in interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2024.00069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T08:28:07Z","timestamp":1739262487000},"page":"304-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The dynamic interplay between neuroticism, extraversion, and problematic gaming in adolescents: A 4-wave longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2104-8279","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianhua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3701-8881","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meiyu","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0506-2767","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tubei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6272-4202","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tiantian","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preschool Education, College of Home Economics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2622-7196","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xue","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"B1","series-title":"American Psychologist","first-page":"5","article-title":"Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking","volume":"58","author":"Addis, M. E.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Addis, M. E., & Mahalik, J. R. (2003). Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking. American Psychologist, 58(1), 5\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0003-066X.58.1.5."},{"issue":"3","key":"B2","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"611","article-title":"The big five personality traits and online gaming: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Akbari, M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., Spada, M. M., Mohammadkhani, S., Jamshidi, S., Jamaloo, A., & Ayatmehr, F. (2021). The big five personality traits and online gaming: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 10(3), 611\u2013625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2021.00050."},{"key":"B3","series-title":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","article-title":"Maximum likelihood for cross-lagged panel models with fixed effects","volume":"3","author":"Allison, P.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Allison, P., Williams, R., & Moral-Benito, E. (2017). Maximum likelihood for cross-lagged panel models with fixed effects. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 3, 237802311771057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2378023117710578."},{"key":"bib111","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., Text revision (DSM-5-TR)","author":"American Psychiatric Association [APA].","year":"2022","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association [APA]. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., Text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington: American Psychiatric Association."},{"issue":"4","key":"B4","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","first-page":"1342","article-title":"Loneliness and generalized problematic internet use: Parents\u2019 perceived knowledge of adolescents\u2019 online activities as a moderator","volume":"28","author":"Ang, R. P.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ang, R. P., Chong, W. H., Chye, S., & Huan, V. S. (2012). Loneliness and generalized problematic internet use: Parents\u2019 perceived knowledge of adolescents\u2019 online activities as a moderator. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(4), 1342\u20131347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2012.02.019."},{"issue":"3","key":"B5","series-title":"Behavior Therapy","first-page":"287","article-title":"Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for neuroticism (stress vulnerability): A pilot randomized study","volume":"47","author":"Armstrong, L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Armstrong, L., & Rimes, K. A. (2016). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for neuroticism (stress vulnerability): A pilot randomized study. Behavior Therapy, 47(3), 287\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beth.2015.12.005."},{"issue":"1","key":"B6","series-title":"Structural Equation\u00a0Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal","first-page":"1","article-title":"Residual structural equation models","volume":"30","author":"Asparouhov, T.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asparouhov, T., & Muth\u00e9n, B. (2023). Residual structural equation models. Structural Equation\u00a0Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 30(1), 1\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10705511.2022.2074422."},{"key":"B7","series-title":"Stress and coping: An anthology","first-page":"258","article-title":"Gender differences in the social moderators of stress","author":"Belle, D.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Belle, D. (1991). Gender differences in the social moderators of stress. In A. Monat, & R. S. Lazarus (Eds.), Stress and coping: An anthology (3rd ed., pp. 258\u2013274). Columbia University Press."},{"issue":"3","key":"B8","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"537","article-title":"Effects of a prevention intervention concerning screens, and video games in middle-school students: Influences on beliefs and use","volume":"8","author":"Bonnaire, C.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bonnaire, C., Serehen, Z., & Phan, O. (2019). Effects of a prevention intervention concerning screens, and video games in middle-school students: Influences on beliefs and use. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 8(3), 537\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.8.2019.54."},{"issue":"4","key":"B9","series-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology","first-page":"641","article-title":"Big Five personality stability, change, and codevelopment across adolescence and early adulthood","volume":"113","author":"Borghuis, J.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Borghuis, J., Denissen, J. J., Oberski, D., Sijtsma, K., Meeus, W. H., Branje, S., & Bleidorn, W. (2017). Big Five personality stability, change, and codevelopment across adolescence and early adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113(4), 641\u2013657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pspp0000138."},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet-use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors","volume":"104","author":"Brand, M.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brand, M., Wegmann, E., Stark, R., M\u00fcller, A., W\u00f6lfling, K., Robbins, T. W., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). The Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet-use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.06.032."},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Adult place: A reversal theory approach","first-page":"101","article-title":"Gaming, gambling and other addictive play","author":"Brown, R. I. F.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brown, R. I. F. (1991). Gaming, gambling and other addictive play. In J. H. Kerr, & M. J. Apter (Eds.), Adult place: A reversal theory approach (pp. 101\u2013118). Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger."},{"issue":"4","key":"B12","series-title":"Games and Culture: A Journal of Interactive Media","first-page":"335","article-title":"Digital games and escapism","volume":"5","author":"Calleja, G.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Calleja, G. (2010). Digital games and escapism. Games and Culture: A Journal of Interactive Media, 5(4), 335\u2013353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1555412009360412."},{"key":"B13","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","article-title":"The impact of eSports and online video gaming on lifestyle behaviours in youth: A systematic review","volume":"126","author":"Chan, G.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chan, G., Huo, Y., Kelly, S., Leung, J., Tisdale, C., & Gullo, M. (2022). The impact of eSports and online video gaming on lifestyle behaviours in youth: A systematic review. Computers in Human Behavior, 126, 106974. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106974."},{"key":"B14","series-title":"Addictive Behaviors","article-title":"A meta-analytic review of Internet gaming disorder and the Big Five personality factors","volume":"126","author":"Chew, P. K.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chew, P. K. (2022). A meta-analytic review of Internet gaming disorder and the Big Five personality factors. Addictive Behaviors, 126, 107193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.107193."},{"issue":"3","key":"B15","series-title":"CyberPsychology & Behavior","first-page":"308","article-title":"Affect and the computer game player: The effect of gender, personality, and game reinforcement structure on affective responses to computer game-play","volume":"9","author":"Chumbley, J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chumbley, J., & Griffiths, M. (2006). Affect and the computer game player: The effect of gender, personality, and game reinforcement structure on affective responses to computer game-play. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(3), 308\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.308."},{"key":"B16","series-title":"New methods for the analysis of change","first-page":"105","article-title":"The best of both worlds: Combining autoregressive and latent curve models","author":"Curran, P. J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Curran, P. J., & Bollen, K. A. (2001). The best of both worlds: Combining autoregressive and latent curve models. In L. M. Collins, & A. G. Sayer (Eds.), New methods for the analysis of change (pp. 105\u2013136). American Psychological Association."},{"issue":"5","key":"B17","series-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology","first-page":"879","article-title":"The separation of between-person and within-person components of individual change over time: A latent curve model with structured residuals","volume":"82","author":"Curran, P. J.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Curran, P. J., Howard, A. L., Bainter, S. A., Lane, S. T., & McGinley, J. S. (2014). The separation of between-person and within-person components of individual change over time: A latent curve model with structured residuals. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 82(5), 879\u2013894. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0035297."},{"key":"B18","series-title":"Personality and Individual Differences","article-title":"The associations between Big Five personality traits, gaming motives, and self-reported time spent gaming","volume":"171","author":"de Hesselle, L. C.","year":"2021","unstructured":"de Hesselle, L. C., Rozgonjuk, D., Sindermann, C., Pontes, H. M., & Montag, C. (2021). The associations between Big Five personality traits, gaming motives, and self-reported time spent gaming. Personality and Individual Differences, 171, 110483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110483."},{"issue":"6","key":"B19","series-title":"Plos One","article-title":"Gender differences in emotional response: Inconsistency between experience and expressivity","volume":"11","author":"Deng, Y.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Deng, Y., Chang, L., Yang, M., Huo, M., & Zhou, R. (2016). Gender differences in emotional response: Inconsistency between experience and expressivity. Plos One, 11(6), e0158666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0158666."},{"issue":"4","key":"B20","series-title":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games","first-page":"333","article-title":"Effects of gender on perception and interpretation of video game character behavior and emotion","volume":"9","author":"Desai, N.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Desai, N., Zhao, R., & Szafron, D. (2016). Effects of gender on perception and interpretation of video game character behavior and emotion. IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games, 9(4), 333\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TCIAIG.2016.2570006."},{"key":"B21","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","article-title":"Problematic gaming behavior and the personality traits of video gamers: A cross-sectional survey","volume":"106","author":"Dieris-Hirche, J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dieris-Hirche, J., Pape, M., te Wildt, B. T., Kehyayan, A., Esch, M., Aicha, S., \u2026 Bottel, L. (2020). Problematic gaming behavior and the personality traits of video gamers: A cross-sectional survey. Computers in Human Behavior, 106, 106272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106272."},{"key":"B22","series-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research","first-page":"25","article-title":"Considering gender differences in the study and treatment of internet gaming disorder","volume":"153","author":"Dong, G. H.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dong, G. H., & Potenza, M. N. (2022). Considering gender differences in the study and treatment of internet gaming disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 153, 25\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.06.057."},{"issue":"1","key":"B23","series-title":"Scientific Reports","first-page":"1444","article-title":"Depressive symptoms are associated with social isolation in face-to-face interaction networks","volume":"10","author":"Elmer, T.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Elmer, T., & Stadtfeld, C. (2020). Depressive symptoms are associated with social isolation in face-to-face interaction networks. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-58297-9."},{"key":"B24","series-title":"Addictive behaviors reports","article-title":"Problem gaming and suicidality: A systematic literature review","volume":"15","author":"Erevik, E. K.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Erevik, E. K., Landr\u00f8, H., Mattson, \u00c5. L., Kristensen, J. H., Kaur, P., & Pallesen, S. (2022). Problem gaming and suicidality: A systematic literature review. Addictive behaviors reports, 15, 100419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abrep.2022.100419."},{"key":"B25","series-title":"Biological Psychology","first-page":"67","article-title":"Neuroticism and extraversion in relation to physiological stress reactivity during adolescence","volume":"117","author":"Evans, B. E.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Evans, B. E., Stam, J., Huizink, A. C., Willemen, A. M., Westenberg, P. M., Branje, S., & van Lier, P. A. (2016). Neuroticism and extraversion in relation to physiological stress reactivity during adolescence. Biological Psychology, 117, 67\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.03.002."},{"key":"B26","series-title":"The biological basis of personality","author":"Eysenck, H.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Eysenck, H. (1967). The biological basis of personality. Springfield, IL: Thomas."},{"key":"B27","series-title":"Handbook of personality: Theory and research","first-page":"244","article-title":"Biological dimensions of personality","author":"Eysenck, H. J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Eysenck, H. J. (1990). Biological dimensions of personality. In L. A. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 244\u2013276). The Guilford Press."},{"key":"B28","series-title":"The developmental social psychology of gender","first-page":"65","article-title":"Theories of gender socialization","author":"Fagot, B. I.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fagot, B. I., Rodgers, C. S., & Leinbach, M. D. (2000). Theories of gender socialization. In T. Eckes, & H. M. Trautner (Eds.), The developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 65\u201389). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781410605245-10."},{"issue":"5","key":"B29","series-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology","first-page":"524","article-title":"Prevalence of internet gaming disorder in adolescents: A meta\u2010analysis across three decades","volume":"59","author":"Fam, J. Y.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fam, J. Y. (2018). Prevalence of internet gaming disorder in adolescents: A meta\u2010analysis across three decades. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 59(5), 524\u2013531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sjop.12459."},{"key":"B30","series-title":"Addictive Behaviors","first-page":"17","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder: Trends in prevalence 1998\u20132016","volume":"75","author":"Feng, W.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Feng, W., Ramo, D. E., Chan, S. R., & Bourgeois, J. A. (2017). Internet gaming disorder: Trends in prevalence 1998\u20132016. Addictive Behaviors, 75, 17\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.06.010."},{"issue":"12","key":"B31","series-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research","first-page":"1573","article-title":"A meta-analysis of pathological gaming prevalence and comorbidity with mental health, academic and social problems","volume":"45","author":"Ferguson, C. J.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ferguson, C. J., Coulson, M., & Barnett, J. (2011). A meta-analysis of pathological gaming prevalence and comorbidity with mental health, academic and social problems. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 45(12), 1573\u20131578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2011.09.005."},{"key":"B32","series-title":"Psicologia USP","article-title":"Internet addiction or problematic internet use? Which term should be used?","volume":"30","author":"Fernandes, B.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fernandes, B., Maia, B. R., & Pontes, H. M. (2019). Internet addiction or problematic internet use? Which term should be used? Psicologia USP, 30, e190020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6564E190020."},{"key":"B33","series-title":"Personality and Individual Differences","first-page":"835","article-title":"The development of an abbreviated form of the revised Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (JEPQR-A) among 13\u201315 year olds","volume":"21","author":"Francis, L. J.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Francis, L. J. (1996). The development of an abbreviated form of the revised Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (JEPQR-A) among 13\u201315 year olds. Personality and Individual Differences, 21, 835\u2013844. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0191-8869(96)00159-6."},{"key":"B34","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","article-title":"Structural and functional brain abnormalities in internet gaming disorder and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: A comparative meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Gao, X.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao, X., Zhang, M., Yang, Z., Wen, M., Huang, H., Zheng, R., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Structural and functional brain abnormalities in internet gaming disorder and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: A comparative meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 679437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.679437."},{"issue":"5","key":"B35","series-title":"Psychological Science","first-page":"594","article-title":"Pathological video\u2013game use among youth ages 8 to 18: A national-study","volume":"20","author":"Gentile, D.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gentile, D. (2009). Pathological video\u2013game use among youth ages 8 to 18: A national-study. Psychological Science, 20(5), 594\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2009.02340.x."},{"key":"B36","series-title":"Current Addiction Reports","first-page":"293","article-title":"Personality and internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of recent literature","volume":"4","author":"Gervasi, A. M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gervasi, A. M., La Marca, L., Costanzo, A., Pace, U., Guglielmucci, F., & Schimmenti, A. (2017). Personality and internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of recent literature. Current Addiction Reports, 4, 293\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40429-017-0159-6."},{"key":"B37","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","first-page":"1","article-title":"Problematic gaming, social withdrawal, and escapism: The compensatory-dissociative online gaming (C-DOG) model","volume":"155","author":"Giardina, A.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Giardina, A., Schimmenti, A., Starcevic, V., King, D. L., Di Blasi, M., & Billieux, J. (2024). Problematic gaming, social withdrawal, and escapism: The compensatory-dissociative online gaming (C-DOG) model. Computers in Human Behavior, 155, 1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2024.108187."},{"issue":"1","key":"B38","series-title":"Personality and Individual Differences","first-page":"3","article-title":"Neuroticism and extraversion as predictors of coping styles during early adolescence","volume":"27","author":"Gomez, R.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gomez, R., Holmberg, K., Bounds, J., Fullarton, C., & Gomez, A. (1999). Neuroticism and extraversion as predictors of coping styles during early adolescence. Personality and Individual Differences, 27(1), 3\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0191-8869(98)00224-4."},{"issue":"1","key":"B39","series-title":"Psychological Methods","first-page":"102","article-title":"A critique of the cross-lagged panel model","volume":"20","author":"Hamaker, E. L.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hamaker, E. L., Kuiper, R. M., & Grasman, R. P. P. P. (2015). A critique of the cross-lagged panel model. Psychological Methods, 20(1), 102\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0038889."},{"key":"B40","series-title":"Journal of Research in Personality","article-title":"Mindfulness training reduces neuroticism over a 6-year longitudinal randomized control trial in Norwegian medical and psychology students","volume":"82","author":"Hanley, A. W.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hanley, A. W., de Vibe, M., Solhaug, I., Gonzalez-Pons, K., & Garland, E. L. (2019). Mindfulness training reduces neuroticism over a 6-year longitudinal randomized control trial in Norwegian medical and psychology students. Journal of Research in Personality, 82, 103859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jrp.2019.103859."},{"issue":"3","key":"B41","series-title":"Child Development","first-page":"861","article-title":"Time spent gaming and social competence in children: Reciprocal effects across childhood","volume":"91","author":"Hygen, B. W.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hygen, B. W., Belsky, J., Stenseng, F., Skalicka, V., Kvande, M. N., Zahl\u2010Thanem, T., & Wichstr\u00f8m, L. (2020). Time spent gaming and social competence in children: Reciprocal effects across childhood. Child Development, 91(3), 861\u2013875. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cdev.13243."},{"key":"B42","series-title":"New methods for the analysis of change","first-page":"243","article-title":"Trait-state models for longitudinal data","author":"Kenny, D. A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kenny, D. A., & Zautra, A. (2001). Trait-state models for longitudinal data. In L. M. Collins, & A. G. Sayer (Eds.), New methods for the analysis of change (pp. 243\u2013263). American Psychological Association."},{"issue":"2","key":"B43","series-title":"Plos One","article-title":"Adolescent Internet gaming addiction and personality characteristics by game genre","volume":"17","author":"Kim, D.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, D., Nam, J. K., & Keum, C. (2022). Adolescent Internet gaming addiction and personality characteristics by game genre. Plos One, 17(2), e0263645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0263645."},{"key":"B44","series-title":"Addictive Behaviors","article-title":"Prevalence of gaming disorder: A meta-analysis","volume":"126","author":"Kim, H. S.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, H. S., Son, G., Roh, E. B., Ahn, W. Y., Kim, J., Shin, S. H., & Choi, K. H. (2022). Prevalence of gaming disorder: A meta-analysis. Addictive Behaviors, 126, 107183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.107183."},{"issue":"4","key":"B45","series-title":"Clinical Psychology Review","first-page":"298","article-title":"The cognitive psychology of Internet gaming disorder","volume":"34","author":"King, D. L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"King, D. L., & Delfabbro, P. H. (2014). The cognitive psychology of Internet gaming disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 34(4), 298\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2014.03.006."},{"key":"B46","series-title":"Internet gaming disorder: Theory, assessment, treatment, and prevention","author":"King, D. L.","year":"2018","unstructured":"King, D. L., & Delfabbro, P. H. (2018). Internet gaming disorder: Theory, assessment, treatment, and prevention. Elsevier Academic Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/C2016-0-04107-4."},{"issue":"2","key":"B47","series-title":"Journal of Research in Personality","first-page":"273","article-title":"Longitudinal associations between personality traits and problem behavior symptoms in adolescence","volume":"44","author":"Klimstra, T. A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Klimstra, T. A., Akse, J., Hale III, W. W., Raaijmakers, Q. A., & Meeus, W. H. (2010). Longitudinal associations between personality traits and problem behavior symptoms in adolescence. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(2), 273\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jrp.2010.02.004."},{"key":"B48","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","article-title":"Problematic gaming and sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Kristensen, J. H.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kristensen, J. H., Pallesen, S., King, D. L., Hysing, M., & Erevik, E. K. (2021). Problematic gaming and sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 675237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.675237."},{"issue":"11","key":"B49","series-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking","first-page":"661","article-title":"Compromised prefrontal cognitive control over emotional interference in adolescents with internet gaming disorder","volume":"18","author":"Lee, J.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee, J., Lee, S., Chun, J. W., Cho, H., Kim, D. J., & Jung, Y. C. (2015). Compromised prefrontal cognitive control over emotional interference in adolescents with internet gaming disorder. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(11), 661\u2013668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2015.0231."},{"key":"B50","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","first-page":"463","article-title":"Gender differences in the relationship between internet addiction and depression: A cross-lagged study in Chinese adolescents","volume":"63","author":"Liang, L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liang, L., Zhou, D., Yuan, C., Shao, A., & Bian, Y. (2016). Gender differences in the relationship between internet addiction and depression: A cross-lagged study in Chinese adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 463\u2013470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2016.04.043."},{"issue":"3","key":"B51","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"727","article-title":"Prevalence of gaming disorder in East Asia: A comprehensive meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Liao, Z.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liao, Z., Chen, X., Huang, Q., & Shen, H. (2022). Prevalence of gaming disorder in East Asia: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 11(3), 727\u2013738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2022.00050."},{"key":"B52","series-title":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","first-page":"1098","article-title":"Gender differences in personality and interests: When, where, and why?","volume":"4","author":"Lippa, R. A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lippa, R. A. (2010). Gender differences in personality and interests: When, where, and why? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4, 1098\u20131110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1751-9004.2010.00320.x."},{"key":"B53","series-title":"Statistical analysis with missing data","author":"Little, R. J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Little, R. J., & Rubin, D. B. (2002). Statistical analysis with missing data. New Jersey: Wiley. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781119013563."},{"key":"B54","series-title":"Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effect of neuroticism on problematic smartphone use: A mediation model of self-control for males and females","volume":"17","author":"Liu, Y.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Wang, X., Zhai, J., Luo, F., & Xin, T. (2023). The effect of neuroticism on problematic smartphone use: A mediation model of self-control for males and females. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 17, 1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5817\/CP2023-1-1."},{"issue":"5","key":"B55","series-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology","first-page":"675","article-title":"Gender stereotypes of personality: Universal and accurate?","volume":"45","author":"L\u00f6ckenhoff, C. E.","year":"2014","unstructured":"L\u00f6ckenhoff, C. E., Chan, W., McCrae, R. R., De Fruyt, F., Jussim, L., De Bolle, M., & Terracciano, A. (2014). Gender stereotypes of personality: Universal and accurate? Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45(5), 675\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022022113520075."},{"key":"B56","series-title":"Current Addiction Reports","first-page":"359","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of problematic online gaming: A systematic review of the evidence published in Chinese","volume":"5","author":"Long, J.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Long, J., Liu, T., Liu, Y., Hao, W., Maurage, P., & Billieux, J. (2018). Prevalence and correlates of problematic online gaming: A systematic review of the evidence published in Chinese. Current Addiction Reports, 5, 359\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40429-018-0219-6."},{"key":"B57","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","article-title":"Female gaming, gaming addiction, and the role of women within gaming culture: A narrative literature review","volume":"10","author":"Lopez-Fernandez, O.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lopez-Fernandez, O., Williams, A. J., Griffiths, M. D., & Kuss, D. J. (2019). Female gaming, gaming addiction, and the role of women within gaming culture: A narrative literature review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10, 449322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00454."},{"issue":"3","key":"B58","series-title":"Journal of Happiness Studies: An Interdisciplinary Forum on Subjective Well-Being","first-page":"325","article-title":"Personality, leisure experiences and happiness","volume":"6","author":"Lu, L.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lu, L., & Hu, C. H. (2005). Personality, leisure experiences and happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies: An Interdisciplinary Forum on Subjective Well-Being, 6(3), 325\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10902-005-8628-3."},{"key":"B59","series-title":"BMC Public Health","first-page":"1","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder in adolescence: Investigating profiles and associated risk factors","volume":"21","author":"Macur, M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Macur, M., & Pontes, H. M. (2021). Internet gaming disorder in adolescence: Investigating profiles and associated risk factors. BMC Public Health, 21, 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-021-11394-4."},{"issue":"11","key":"B60","series-title":"Social Science & Medicine","first-page":"2201","article-title":"Masculinity and perceived normative health behaviors as predictors of men's health behaviors","volume":"64","author":"Mahalik, J. R.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mahalik, J. R., Burns, S. M., & Syzdek, M. (2007). Masculinity and perceived normative health behaviors as predictors of men's health behaviors. Social Science & Medicine, 64(11), 2201\u20132209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.02.035."},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"B61","series-title":"Sex Roles: A Journal of Research","first-page":"417","article-title":"Development of the conformity to feminine norms inventory","volume":"52","author":"Mahalik, J. R.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mahalik, J. R., Morray, E. B., Coonerty-Femiano, A., Ludlow, L. H., Slattery, S. M., & Smiler, A. (2005). Development of the conformity to feminine norms inventory. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 52(7\u20138), 417\u2013435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11199-005-3709-7."},{"issue":"1","key":"B62","series-title":"Journal of Health Psychology","first-page":"67","article-title":"Problematic gaming behaviour and health-related outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"M\u00e4nnikk\u00f6, N.","year":"2020","unstructured":"M\u00e4nnikk\u00f6, N., Ruotsalainen, H., Miettunen, J., Pontes, H. M., & K\u00e4\u00e4ri\u00e4inen, M. (2020). Problematic gaming behaviour and health-related outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Health Psychology, 25(1), 67\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1359105317740414."},{"issue":"3","key":"B63","series-title":"Structural Equation\u00a0Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal","first-page":"320","article-title":"In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler\u2019s (1999) findings","volume":"11","author":"Marsh, H. W.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Marsh, H. W., Hau, K. T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler\u2019s (1999) findings. Structural Equation\u00a0Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 11(3), 320\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15328007sem1103_2."},{"key":"B64","series-title":"Annual Review of Psychology","first-page":"577","article-title":"Latent variable modeling of differences and changes with longitudinal data","volume":"60","author":"McArdle, J. J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"McArdle, J. J. (2009). Latent variable modeling of differences and changes with longitudinal data. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 577\u2013605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.psych.60.110707.163612."},{"key":"B65","series-title":"New methods for the analysis of change","first-page":"137","article-title":"Latent difference score structural models for linear dynamic analyses with incomplete longitudinal data","author":"McArdle, J. J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"McArdle, J. J., & Hamagami, F. (2001). Latent difference score structural models for linear dynamic analyses with incomplete longitudinal data. In L. Collins, & A. Sayer (Eds.), New methods for the analysis of change (pp. 137\u2013175). American Psychological Association."},{"key":"B66","series-title":"Mindfulness","first-page":"291","article-title":"Integrating mindfulness training into K-12 education: Fostering the resilience of teachers and students","volume":"3","author":"Meiklejohn, J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meiklejohn, J., Phillips, C., Freedman, M. L., Griffin, M. L., Biegel, G., Roach, A., & Saltzman, A. (2012). Integrating mindfulness training into K-12 education: Fostering the resilience of teachers and students. Mindfulness, 3, 291\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12671-012-0094-5."},{"key":"B67","series-title":"Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Depression and personality traits across adolescence\u2014within-person analyses of a birth cohort","author":"Morken, I. S.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Morken, I. S., Wichstr\u00f8m, L., Steinsbekk, S., & Viddal, K. R. (2024). Depression and personality traits across adolescence\u2014within-person analyses of a birth cohort. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-024-01188-8."},{"issue":"4","key":"B68","series-title":"Structural Equation\u00a0Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal","first-page":"638","article-title":"Three extensions of the random intercept cross-lagged panel model","volume":"28","author":"Mulder, J. D.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mulder, J. D., & Hamaker, E. L. (2021). Three extensions of the random intercept cross-lagged panel model. Structural Equation\u00a0Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 28(4), 638\u2013648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10705511.2020.1784738."},{"issue":"3","key":"B69","series-title":"Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies","first-page":"166","article-title":"Impact of PUBG game addiction on social isolation and narcissistic tendencies among gamers","volume":"7","author":"Nawaz, M. W.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nawaz, M. W., Nadeem, T., Rao, S. L., Fatima, T., & Shoaib, S. (2020). Impact of PUBG game addiction on social isolation and narcissistic tendencies among gamers. Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies, 7(3), 166\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20448\/journal.500.2020.73.166.172."},{"issue":"6","key":"B70","series-title":"Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology","first-page":"907","article-title":"Emotional responses to social media experiences among adolescents: Longitudinal associations with depressive symptoms","volume":"51","author":"Nesi, J.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nesi, J., Rothenberg, W. A., Bettis, A. H., Massing-Schaffer, M., Fox, K. A., Telzer, E. H., & Prinstein, M. J. (2022). Emotional responses to social media experiences among adolescents: Longitudinal associations with depressive symptoms. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 51(6), 907\u2013922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/t87255-000."},{"key":"B71","series-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Development","first-page":"143","article-title":"Attrition in developmental psychology: A review of modern missing data reporting and practices","volume":"41","author":"Nicholson, J. S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nicholson, J. S., Deboeck, P. R., & Howard, W. (2017). Attrition in developmental psychology: A review of modern missing data reporting and practices. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 41, 143\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0165025415618275."},{"key":"B72","series-title":"Current Addiction Reports","first-page":"365","article-title":"Parental and family factors associated with problematic gaming and problematic internet use in adolescents: A systematic literature review","volume":"7","author":"Nielsen, P.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nielsen, P., Favez, N., & Rigter, H. (2020). Parental and family factors associated with problematic gaming and problematic internet use in adolescents: A systematic literature review. Current Addiction Reports, 7, 365\u2013386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40429-020-00320-0."},{"key":"B73","series-title":"International Conference on Research into design","first-page":"445","article-title":"Study the effects of online gaming on different emotional behavior of the users","author":"Ojha, S. P.","year":"2023, January","unstructured":"Ojha, S. P., Shaikh, M., Gupta, M., Shinde, A., Waghmare, S., & Shukla, S. (2023, January). Study the effects of online gaming on different emotional behavior of the users. In International Conference on Research into design (pp. 445\u2013457). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-99-0293-4."},{"issue":"4","key":"B74","series-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology","first-page":"1013","article-title":"Testing prospective effects in longitudinal research: Comparing seven competing cross-lagged models","volume":"120","author":"Orth, U.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Orth, U., Clark, D. A., Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2021). Testing prospective effects in longitudinal research: Comparing seven competing cross-lagged models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 120(4), 1013\u20131034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pspp0000358."},{"key":"B75","series-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics","first-page":"262","article-title":"Internet addiction among adolescents may predict self-harm\/suicidal behavior: A prospective study","volume":"197","author":"Pan, P. Y.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pan, P. Y., & Yeh, C. B. (2018). Internet addiction among adolescents may predict self-harm\/suicidal behavior: A prospective study. The Journal of Pediatrics, 197, 262\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.046."},{"key":"B76","series-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder in the DSM-5","volume":"17","author":"Petry, N. M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petry, N. M., Rehbein, F., Ko, C. H., & O\u2019Brien, C. P. (2015). Internet gaming disorder in the DSM-5. Current Psychiatry Reports, 17, 72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11920-015-0610-0."},{"issue":"1","key":"B77","series-title":"Proceedings of the human factors and ergonomics society annual meeting","first-page":"1496","article-title":"Examining the role of gender in video game usage, preference, and behavior","volume":"56","author":"Phan, M. H.","year":"2012, September","unstructured":"Phan, M. H., Jardina, J. R., Hoyle, S., & Chaparro, B. S. (2012, September). Examining the role of gender in video game usage, preference, and behavior. In Proceedings of the human factors and ergonomics society annual meeting (Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 1496\u20131500). Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications."},{"key":"B78","series-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction","first-page":"932","article-title":"A comparative study of psychosocial interventions for internet gaming disorder among adolescents aged 13\u201317 years","volume":"18","author":"Pornnoppadol, C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pornnoppadol, C., Ratta-apha, W., Chanpen, S., Wattananond, S., Dumrongrungruang, N., Thongchoi, K., & Vasupanrajit, A. (2020). A comparative study of psychosocial interventions for internet gaming disorder among adolescents aged 13\u201317 years. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 18, 932\u2013948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-018-9995-4."},{"issue":"3","key":"B79","series-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology","first-page":"441","article-title":"Competence-impeding electronic games and players\u2019 aggressive feelings, thoughts, and behaviors","volume":"106","author":"Przybylski, A. K.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Przybylski, A. K., Deci, E. L., Rigby, C. S., & Ryan, R. M. (2014). Competence-impeding electronic games and players\u2019 aggressive feelings, thoughts, and behaviors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 106(3), 441\u2013457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0034820."},{"issue":"F","key":"B80","series-title":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences (OAMJMS)","first-page":"260","article-title":"The impact of online game addiction on adolescent mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Purwaningsih, E.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Purwaningsih, E., & Nurmala, I. (2021). The impact of online game addiction on adolescent mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences (OAMJMS), 9(F), 260\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3889\/oamjms.2021.6234."},{"key":"B81","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","article-title":"Altered reward processing system in internet gaming disorder","volume":"11","author":"Raiha, S.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raiha, S., Yang, G., Wang, L., Dai, W., Wu, H., Meng, G., \u2026 Liu, X. (2020). Altered reward processing system in internet gaming disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, Article 599141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.599141."},{"key":"B82","series-title":"Addictive Behaviors","article-title":"Systematic literature review online gaming addiction among children and young adults: A framework and research agenda","volume":"129","author":"Rosendo-Rios, V.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rosendo-Rios, V., Trott, S., & Shukla, P. (2022). Systematic literature review online gaming addiction among children and young adults: A framework and research agenda. Addictive Behaviors, 129, 107238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107238."},{"key":"B83","series-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction","first-page":"1420","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder and its associated personality traits: A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines","volume":"19","author":"\u015ealvarl\u0131, \u015e. \u0130.","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u015ealvarl\u0131, \u015e. \u0130., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). Internet gaming disorder and its associated personality traits: A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19, 1420\u20131442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-019-00081-6."},{"key":"B84","series-title":"Psychometrika","first-page":"243","article-title":"Ensuring positiveness of the scaled difference chi-square test statistic","volume":"75","author":"Satorra, A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (2010). Ensuring positiveness of the scaled difference chi-square test statistic. Psychometrika, 75, 243. https:\/\/doi:10.1007\/s11336-009-9135-y."},{"issue":"4","key":"B85","series-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology","first-page":"514","article-title":"Can cross-sectional studies contribute to causal inference? It depends","volume":"192","author":"Savitz, D. A.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Savitz, D. A., & Wellenius, G. A. (2023). Can cross-sectional studies contribute to causal inference? It depends. American Journal of Epidemiology, 192(4), 514\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwac037."},{"key":"B86","series-title":"Annual Review of Sociology","first-page":"277","article-title":"Men, masculinity, and manhood acts","volume":"35","author":"Schrock, D.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schrock, D., & Schwalbe, M. (2009). Men, masculinity, and manhood acts. Annual Review of Sociology, 35, 277\u2013295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-soc-070308-115933."},{"issue":"3","key":"B87","series-title":"International Journal of Yoga","first-page":"244","article-title":"Mindfulness-based interventions: Potentials for management of internet gaming disorder","volume":"14","author":"Sharma, M. K.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma, M. K., Bhargav, H., Kumar, A., Digambhar, V., & Mani, T. A. (2021). Mindfulness-based interventions: Potentials for management of internet gaming disorder. International Journal of Yoga, 14(3), 244\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_46_21."},{"issue":"3","key":"B88","series-title":"International Journal of Listening","first-page":"163","article-title":"Do the big-five personality traits predict empathic listening and assertive communication?","volume":"31","author":"Sims, C. M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sims, C. M. (2017). Do the big-five personality traits predict empathic listening and assertive communication? International Journal of Listening, 31(3), 163\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10904018.2016.1202770."},{"issue":"5","key":"B89","series-title":"Journal of Personality","first-page":"933","article-title":"Age and gender differences in personality traits from early childhood through adolescence","volume":"89","author":"Slobodskaya, H. R.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Slobodskaya, H. R., & Kornienko, O. S. (2021). Age and gender differences in personality traits from early childhood through adolescence. Journal of Personality, 89(5), 933\u2013950. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jopy.12624."},{"key":"B90","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","first-page":"248","article-title":"A vacation from your mind: Problematic online gaming is a stress response","volume":"38","author":"Snodgrass, J. G.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Snodgrass, J. G., Lacy, M. G., Dengah II, H. F., Eisenhauer, S., Batchelder, G., & Cookson, R. J. (2014). A vacation from your mind: Problematic online gaming is a stress response. Computers in Human Behavior, 38, 248\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2014.06.004."},{"issue":"6","key":"B91","series-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","first-page":"553","article-title":"Global prevalence of gaming disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Stevens, M. W.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stevens, M. W., Dorstyn, D., Delfabbro, P. H., & King, D. L. (2021). Global prevalence of gaming disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 55(6), 553\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004867420962851."},{"key":"B92","series-title":"Computers in Human Behavior","article-title":"Do men become addicted to internet gaming and women to social media? A meta-analysis examining gender-related differences in specific internet addiction","volume":"113","author":"Su, W.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Su, W., Han, X., Yu, H., Wu, Y., & Potenza, M. N. (2020). Do men become addicted to internet gaming and women to social media? A meta-analysis examining gender-related differences in specific internet addiction. Computers in Human Behavior, 113, 106480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106480."},{"key":"B93","series-title":"i-Minds: How cell phones, computers, gaming, and social media are changing our brains, our behavior, and the evolution of our species","author":"Swingle, M. K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Swingle, M. K. (2016). i-Minds: How cell phones, computers, gaming, and social media are changing our brains, our behavior, and the evolution of our species. Gabriola Island, BC Canada: New Society Publishers."},{"issue":"2","key":"B94","series-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology","first-page":"371","article-title":"Personality development from adolescence to emerging adulthood: Linking trajectories of ego development to the family context and identity formation","volume":"104","author":"Syed, M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Syed, M., & Seiffge-Krenke, I. (2013). Personality development from adolescence to emerging adulthood: Linking trajectories of ego development to the family context and identity formation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104(2), 371\u2013384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0030070."},{"issue":"1","key":"B95","series-title":"Annals of the American Association of Geographers","first-page":"166","article-title":"Absent friends? Smartphones, mediated presence, and the recoupling of online social contact in everyday life","volume":"110","author":"Thulin, E.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thulin, E., Vilhelmson, B., & Schwanen, T. (2020). Absent friends? Smartphones, mediated presence, and the recoupling of online social contact in everyday life. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 110(1), 166\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24694452.2019.1629868."},{"key":"B96","series-title":"School Psychology","first-page":"32","article-title":"The big two personality traits and adolescents\u2019 complete mental health: The mediation role of perceived school stress","volume":"34","author":"Tian, L.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tian, L., Jiang, S., & Huebner, E. S. (2019). The big two personality traits and adolescents\u2019 complete mental health: The mediation role of perceived school stress. School Psychology, 34, 32\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/spq0000257."},{"issue":"5","key":"B97","series-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal","first-page":"923","article-title":"Fitting cross-lagged panel models with the residual structural equations approach","volume":"31","author":"Tseng, M. C.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tseng, M. C. (2024). Fitting cross-lagged panel models with the residual structural equations approach. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 31(5), 923\u2013931. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10705511.2023.2296862."},{"key":"B98","series-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research","first-page":"393","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder profiles and their associations with social engagement behaviours","volume":"138","author":"Tullett-Prado, D.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tullett-Prado, D., Stavropoulos, V., Mueller, K., Sharples, J., & Footitt, T. A. (2021). Internet gaming disorder profiles and their associations with social engagement behaviours. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 138, 393\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.04.037."},{"key":"B99","series-title":"Digital Education Review","first-page":"1","article-title":"Social interactions and games","volume":"27","author":"Uz, C.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Uz, C., & Cagiltay, K. (2015). Social interactions and games. Digital Education Review, 27, 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1344\/der.2015.27.1-12."},{"issue":"2","key":"B100","series-title":"Games for Health Journal","first-page":"85","article-title":"Videogames for emotion regulation: A systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Villani, D.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Villani, D., Carissoli, C., Triberti, S., Marchetti, A., Gilli, G., & Riva, G. (2018). Videogames for emotion regulation: A systematic review. Games for Health Journal, 7(2), 85\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/g4h.2017.0108."},{"issue":"9","key":"B101","series-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking","first-page":"616","article-title":"Effects of a brief school-based media literacy intervention on digital media use in adolescents: Cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Walther, B.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Walther, B., Hanewinkel, R., & Morgenstern, M. (2014). Effects of a brief school-based media literacy intervention on digital media use in adolescents: Cluster randomized controlled trial. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(9), 616\u2013623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2014.0173."},{"key":"B102","series-title":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry","article-title":"Gender-related differences in involvement of addiction brain networks in internet gaming disorder: Relationships with craving and emotional regulation","volume":"118","author":"Wang, Z. L.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, Z. L., Song, K. R., Zhou, N., Potenza, M. N., Zhang, J. T., & Dong, G. H. (2022). Gender-related differences in involvement of addiction brain networks in internet gaming disorder: Relationships with craving and emotional regulation. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 118, 110574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2022.110574."},{"issue":"4","key":"B103","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"564","article-title":"Association between Internet gaming disorder and generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"6","author":"Wang, C. Y.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, C. Y., Wu, Y. C., Su, C. H., Lin, P. C., Ko, C. H., & Yen, J. Y. (2017). Association between Internet gaming disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 6(4), 564\u2013571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.6.2017.088."},{"key":"B104","series-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews","first-page":"314","article-title":"New developments in brain research of internet and gaming disorder","volume":"75","author":"Weinstein, A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weinstein, A., Livny, A., & Weizman, A. (2017). New developments in brain research of internet and gaming disorder. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 75, 314\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.01.040."},{"key":"B105","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychology","first-page":"178","article-title":"Gender differences in personality across the ten aspects of the Big Five","volume":"2","author":"Weisberg, Y. J.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weisberg, Y. J., DeYoung, C. G., & Hirsh, J. B. (2011). Gender differences in personality across the ten aspects of the Big Five. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00178."},{"issue":"1","key":"B106","series-title":"Journal of Personality","first-page":"121","article-title":"Extraversion and agreeableness: Divergent routes to daily satisfaction with social relationships","volume":"84","author":"William, T.","year":"2016","unstructured":"William, T., Ling, N. Z., & Woon, L. H. (2016). Extraversion and agreeableness: Divergent routes to daily satisfaction with social relationships. Journal of Personality, 84(1), 121\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jopy.12146."},{"key":"B107","series-title":"ICD-11 mortality andmorbidity statistics. Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2019). ICD-11 mortality andmorbidity statistics. Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders. Available at: https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse11\/l-m\/en."},{"key":"B108","series-title":"Children and Youth Services Review","article-title":"The relationship between bullying victimization and online game addiction among Chinese early adolescents: The potential role of meaning in life and gender differences","volume":"116","author":"Zhao, H.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao, H., Li, X., Zhou, J., Nie, Q., & Zhou, J. (2020). The relationship between bullying victimization and online game addiction among Chinese early adolescents: The potential role of meaning in life and gender differences. Children and Youth Services Review, 116, 105261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105261."},{"key":"B109","series-title":"Social Science & Medicine","article-title":"Longitudinal network relations between symptoms of problematic internet game use and internalizing and externalizing problems among Chinese early adolescents","volume":"333","author":"Zhou, J.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Zhang, L., & Gong, X. (2023). Longitudinal network relations between symptoms of problematic internet game use and internalizing and externalizing problems among Chinese early adolescents. Social Science & Medicine, 333, 116162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116162."},{"issue":"4","key":"B110","series-title":"Organizational Research Methods","first-page":"651","article-title":"From data to causes I: Building a general cross-lagged panel model (GCLM)","volume":"23","author":"Zyphur, M. J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zyphur, M. J., Allison, P. D., Tay, L., Voelkle, M. C., Preacher, K. J., Zhang, Z., \u2026 Diener, E. (2020). From data to causes I: Building a general cross-lagged panel model (GCLM). Organizational Research Methods, 23(4), 651\u2013687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1094428119847278."}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavioral Addictions"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/14\/1\/article-p304.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/14\/1\/article-p304.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/14\/1\/article-p304.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T13:11:10Z","timestamp":1743167470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/14\/1\/article-p304.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2024.00069","relation":{},"ISSN":["2062-5871","2063-5303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2062-5871","type":"print"},{"value":"2063-5303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]}}}