{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T19:36:56Z","timestamp":1783539416236,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["NSTC 112-2410-H-006-089-SS2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2410-H-006-089-SS2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007750","name":"National Cheng Kung University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007750","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Southeast and South Asia and Taiwan Universities Joint Research Scheme","award":["NCKU 35"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCKU 35"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["NSTC 112\u20112314\u2011B\u2011650\u2011001\u2011MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112\u20112314\u2011B\u2011650\u2011001\u2011MY3"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004738","name":"E-Da Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EDAHP111045 and EDAHP113004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EDAHP111045 and EDAHP113004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are limited data regarding associations between gaming disorder and physical activity (PA). The present study investigated the direct association between these two variables and assessed the potentially mediating roles of PA avoidance and two types of weight stigma (i.e., internalized weight stigma and perceived weight stigma) in the association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An online cross-sectional survey that assessed PA avoidance, two types of weight stigma, and PA level was completed in late 2023 by 884 Taiwanese young adults aged between 20 and 40 years (63.9% females). Multinomial logistic regression and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to assess the associations between variables and perform the mediation analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive behavioral symptoms and negative consequences related to gaming disorder were more common among participants with lower PA than those with moderate to high PA. Individuals at risk of gaming disorder exhibited higher level of PA avoidance, internalized weight stigma, and perceived weight stigma. The SEM found a direct association between gaming disorder and PA, which was negatively mediated by PA avoidance. However, this direct effect was not present when the association was negatively mediated by serial mediations of weight stigma and PA avoidance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher gaming disorder was associated with higher levels of PA, but this association may not be present when taking into account the mediation effect of weight stigma and PA avoidance. The findings suggest complex relationships and further research is needed to examine individual differences and relationships among clinical groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2024.00083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T15:03:12Z","timestamp":1737730992000},"page":"289-303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Mediating roles of weight stigma and physical activity avoidance in the associations between severity of gaming disorder and levels of physical activity among young adults"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7590-9516","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Saffari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Health Education Department, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4619-5144","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chi-Hsien","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2047-2246","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Po-Ching","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8662-2457","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yun-Hsuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3187-9479","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jung-Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1258-3576","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wai Chuen","family":"Poon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunway Business School, Sunway University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6323-1354","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marc N.","family":"Potenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA"},{"name":"Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8880-6524","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark D.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2129-4242","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chung-Ying","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Journal of American College Health","first-page":"1","article-title":"Weight stigma and physical activity avoidance among college-aged students","author":"Ajibewa, T. A.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ajibewa, T. A., Sonneville, K. R., Miller, A. L., Toledo-Corral, C. M., Robinson, L. E., & Hasson, R. E. (2022). Weight stigma and physical activity avoidance among college-aged students. Journal of American College Health, 1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07448481.2022.2123708."},{"issue":"1","key":"B2","series-title":"Pediatrics In Review","first-page":"23","article-title":"The health effects of video games in children and adolescents","volume":"44","author":"Alanko, D.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alanko, D. (2023). The health effects of video games in children and adolescents. Pediatrics In Review, 44(1), 23\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/pir.2022-005666."},{"issue":"1","key":"B3","series-title":"Journal of Human Ecology and Sustainability","first-page":"6","article-title":"Relationship of video gaming lifestyle with dietary habits and physical activity level of Filipino university students aged 18\u201324 years old","volume":"2","author":"Alpe, M. C. J. L.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alpe, M. C. J. L., & Bayna-Mariano, R. I. (2024). Relationship of video gaming lifestyle with dietary habits and physical activity level of Filipino university students aged 18\u201324 years old. Journal of Human Ecology and Sustainability, 2(1), 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56237\/jhes23016."},{"key":"B4","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5-TR)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2022","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5-TR). American Psychiatric Association Publishing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787."},{"key":"B5","series-title":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","article-title":"Gaming addiction, problematic gaming and engaged gaming - prevalence and associated characteristics","volume":"12","author":"Andr\u00e9, F.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Andr\u00e9, F., Broman, N., H\u00e5kansson, A., & Claesdotter-Knutsson, E. (2020). Gaming addiction, problematic gaming and engaged gaming - prevalence and associated characteristics. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 12, 100324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abrep.2020.100324."},{"issue":"3","key":"B6","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"667","article-title":"Gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"B\u00e4cklund, C.","year":"2022","unstructured":"B\u00e4cklund, C., Elbe, P., Gavelin, H. M., S\u00f6rman, D. E., & Ljungberg, J. K. (2022). Gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 11(3), 667\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2022.00053."},{"issue":"23","key":"B7","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","article-title":"Weight stigma and avoidance of physical activity and sport: Development of a scale and establishment of correlates","volume":"19","author":"Bevan, N.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bevan, N., O'Brien, K. S., Latner, J. D., Lin, C. Y., Vandenberg, B., Jeanes, R., & Fung, X. C. C. (2022). Weight stigma and avoidance of physical activity and sport: Development of a scale and establishment of correlates. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(23), 16370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph192316370."},{"issue":"19","key":"B8","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","first-page":"9957","article-title":"The relationship between weight stigma, physical appearance concerns, and enjoyment and tendency to avoid physical activity and sport","volume":"18","author":"Bevan, N.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bevan, N., O'Brien, K. S., Lin, C. Y., Latner, J. D., Vandenberg, B., Jeanes, R., \u2026 Rush, G. (2021). The relationship between weight stigma, physical appearance concerns, and enjoyment and tendency to avoid physical activity and sport. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 9957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18199957."},{"issue":"3","key":"B9","series-title":"International Journal of Obesity","first-page":"677","article-title":"Psychological distress and internet-related behaviors between schoolchildren with and without overweight during the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"45","author":"Chen, C. Y.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen, C. Y., Chen, I. H., O'Brien, K. S., Latner, J. D., & Lin, C. Y. (2021). Psychological distress and internet-related behaviors between schoolchildren with and without overweight during the COVID-19 outbreak. International Journal of Obesity, 45(3), 677\u2013686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41366-021-00741-5."},{"issue":"9","key":"B10","series-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","first-page":"705","article-title":"The relationships between weight bias, perceived weight stigma, eating behavior, and psychological distress among undergraduate students in Hong Kong","volume":"206","author":"Cheng, M. Y.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cheng, M. Y., Wang, S.-M., Lam, Y. Y., Luk, H. T., Man, Y. C., & Lin, C.-Y. (2018). The relationships between weight bias, perceived weight stigma, eating behavior, and psychological distress among undergraduate students in Hong Kong. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 206(9), 705\u2013710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000869."},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Frontiers in Psychology","article-title":"Physical activity reduces internet addiction among \u201cpost-00\u201d college students: The mediating role of coping styles","volume":"13","author":"Cheng, M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng, M., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Zhang, R., & Qin, L. (2022). Physical activity reduces internet addiction among \u201cpost-00\u201d college students: The mediating role of coping styles. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1052510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1052510."},{"issue":"3","key":"B12","series-title":"American Journal of Health Behavior","first-page":"569","article-title":"Extended theory of planned behavior on\u00a0eating and physical activity","volume":"43","author":"Cheng, O. Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cheng, O. Y., Yam, C. L. Y., Cheung, N. S., Lee, P. L. P., Ngai, M. C., & Lin, C. Y. (2019). Extended theory of planned behavior on\u00a0eating and physical activity. American Journal of Health Behavior, 43(3), 569\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5993\/AJHB.43.3.11."},{"issue":"3","key":"B13","series-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","first-page":"423","article-title":"Internalized weight bias in obese patients with binge eating disorder: Associations with eating disturbances and psychological functioning","volume":"45","author":"Durso, L. E.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Durso, L. E., Latner, J. D., White, M. A., Masheb, R. M., Blomquist, K. K., Morgan, P. T., & Grilo, C. M. (2012). Internalized weight bias in obese patients with binge eating disorder: Associations with eating disturbances and psychological functioning. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45(3), 423\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.20933."},{"issue":"1","key":"B14","series-title":"BMC Psychology","first-page":"369","article-title":"The Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale (TAPAS): Rasch analysis with differential item functioning testing among a Chinese sample","volume":"11","author":"Fan, C. W.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fan, C. W., Chang, Y. L., Huang, P. C., Fung, X. C. C., Chen, J. K., Bevan, N., \u2026 Lin, C. Y. (2023). The Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale (TAPAS): Rasch analysis with differential item functioning testing among a Chinese sample. BMC Psychology, 11(1), 369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-023-01377-y."},{"issue":"1","key":"B15","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","first-page":"64","article-title":"Psychosocial variables related to weight-related self-stigma in physical activity among young adults across weight status","volume":"17","author":"Fung, X. C. C.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fung, X. C. C., Pakpour, A. H., Wu, Y. K., Fan, C. W., Lin, C. Y., & Tsang, H. W. H. (2019). Psychosocial variables related to weight-related self-stigma in physical activity among young adults across weight status. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 64. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17010064."},{"key":"B16","series-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research","first-page":"35","article-title":"The prevalence and\u00a0possible risk factors of internet gaming disorder among adolescents and young adults: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"154","author":"Gao, Y. X.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao, Y. X., Wang, J. Y., & Dong, G. H. (2022). The prevalence and\u00a0possible risk factors of internet gaming disorder among adolescents and young adults: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 154, 35\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.06.049."},{"issue":"1","key":"B17","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"26","article-title":"The concept of recovery in gaming disorder: A scoping review","volume":"12","author":"Gavriel-Fried, B.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gavriel-Fried, B., Serry, M., Katz, D., Hidv\u00e9gi, D., Demetrovics, Z., & Kir\u00e1ly, O. (2023). The concept of recovery in gaming disorder: A scoping review. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 12(1), 26\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2023.00002."},{"issue":"1","key":"B18","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","first-page":"72","article-title":"Living in a larger body: Do exercise motives influence associations between body image and exercise avoidance motivation?","volume":"18","author":"Greenleaf, C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Greenleaf, C., & Rodriguez, A. M. (2020). Living in a larger body: Do exercise motives influence associations between body image and exercise avoidance motivation? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18010072."},{"key":"B19","series-title":"BMC Obesity","first-page":"18","article-title":"Avoiding exercise mediates the effects of internalized and experienced weight stigma on physical activity in the years following bariatric surgery","volume":"5","author":"Han, S.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han, S., Agostini, G., Brewis, A. A., & Wutich, A. (2018). Avoiding exercise mediates the effects of internalized and experienced weight stigma on physical activity in the years following bariatric surgery. BMC Obesity, 5, 18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40608-018-0195-3."},{"issue":"2","key":"B20","series-title":"Physiology","first-page":"152","article-title":"Physical activity, aging, and physiological function","volume":"32","author":"Harridge, S. D.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Harridge, S. D., & Lazarus, N. R. (2017). Physical activity, aging, and physiological function. Physiology, 32(2), 152\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physiol.00029.2016."},{"key":"bib68","series-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","first-page":"e27","article-title":"Physical activity, bodyweight, health and fear of negative evaluation in primary school children","volume":"20","author":"Hartmann, T.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hartmann, T., Zahner, L., P\u00fchse, U., Schneider, S., Puder, J. J., & Kriemler, S. (2010). Physical activity, bodyweight, health and fear of negative evaluation in primary school children. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 20, e27\u2013e34. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.00888.x."},{"key":"B21","series-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","author":"Hayes, A. F.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford publications."},{"issue":"2","key":"B22","series-title":"Behavioral Medicine","first-page":"105","article-title":"Video gaming disorder and sport and exercise in emerging adulthood: A longitudinal study","volume":"42","author":"Henchoz, Y.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Henchoz, Y., Studer, J., Deline, S., N'Goran, A. A., Baggio, S., & Gmel, G. (2016). Video gaming disorder and sport and exercise in emerging adulthood: A longitudinal study. Behavioral Medicine, 42(2), 105\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08964289.2014.965127."},{"issue":"9","key":"B23","series-title":"Obesity Reviews","first-page":"987","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to young children's physical activity and sedentary behaviour: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative literature","volume":"18","author":"Hesketh, K. R.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hesketh, K. R., Lakshman, R., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2017). Barriers and facilitators to young children's physical activity and sedentary behaviour: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative literature. Obesity Reviews, 18(9), 987\u20131017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/obr.12562."},{"issue":"1","key":"B24","series-title":"Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods","first-page":"53","article-title":"Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit","volume":"6","author":"Hooper, D.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. R. (2008). Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53\u201360."},{"issue":"4","key":"B25","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","first-page":"1055","article-title":"Temporal associations between physical activity and three types of problematic use of the internet: A six-month longitudinal study","volume":"11","author":"Huang, P. C.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang, P. C., Chen, J. S., Potenza, M. N., Griffiths, M. D., Pakpour, A. H., Chen, J. K., \u2026 Lin, C. Y. (2022). Temporal associations between physical activity and three types of problematic use of the internet: A six-month longitudinal study. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 11(4), 1055\u20131067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2022.00084."},{"key":"B26","series-title":"The mediating role of physical activity avoidance in the association between weight stigma and physical activity","author":"Huang, P. C.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang, P. C., Wu, H. C., Chen, J. K., Fung, X. C. C., Bevan, N., Ahorsu, D. K., \u2026 Lin, C. Y. (2024). The mediating role of physical activity avoidance in the association between weight stigma and physical activity. Unpublished manuscript."},{"issue":"4","key":"B27","series-title":"Psychopathology","first-page":"315","article-title":"Gaming disorder and psychotic disorders: A scoping review","volume":"56","author":"Huot-Lavoie, M.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huot-Lavoie, M., Gabriel-Courval, M., B\u00e9chard, L., Corbeil, O., Brodeur, S., Mass\u00e9, C., \u2026 Roy, M. A. (2023). Gaming disorder and psychotic disorders: A scoping review. Psychopathology, 56(4), 315\u2013323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000527143."},{"key":"B28","article-title":"Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) \u2013 Short and long forms","author":"IPAQ Research Committee","year":"2015","unstructured":"IPAQ Research Committee (2015). Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) \u2013 Short and long forms. Retrieved October 12, 2024, from https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/theipaq\/."},{"issue":"3","key":"B29","series-title":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America","first-page":"509","article-title":"Internet addiction and other behavioral addictions","volume":"25","author":"Jorgenson, A. G.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jorgenson, A. G., Hsiao, R. C., & Yen, C. F. (2016). Internet addiction and other behavioral addictions. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 25(3), 509\u2013520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2016.03.004."},{"issue":"3","key":"B30","series-title":"Heliyon","article-title":"The effect of time spent sitting and excessive gaming on the weight status, and perceived weight stigma among Taiwanese young adults","volume":"9","author":"Kamolthip, R.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kamolthip, R., Yang, Y. N., Latner, J. D., O'Brien, K. S., Chang, Y. L., Lin, C. C., \u2026 Lin, C. Y. (2023). The effect of time spent sitting and excessive gaming on the weight status, and perceived weight stigma among Taiwanese young adults. Heliyon, 9(3), e14298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e14298."},{"key":"B31","series-title":"Addictive Behaviors","article-title":"Prevalence of gaming disorder: A meta-analysis","volume":"126","author":"Kim, H. S.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, H. S., Son, G., Roh, E. B., Ahn, W. Y., Kim, J., Shin, S. H., \u2026 Choi, K. H. (2022). Prevalence of gaming disorder: A meta-analysis. Addictive Behaviors, 126, 107183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.107183."},{"issue":"1","key":"B32","series-title":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","first-page":"36","article-title":"The effects of internet gaming and social media use on physical activity, sleep, quality of life, and academic performance among university students in Hong Kong: A preliminary study","volume":"4","author":"Kwok, C.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kwok, C., Leung, P. Y., Poon, K. Y., & Fung, X. C. C. (2021). The effects of internet gaming and social media use on physical activity, sleep, quality of life, and academic performance among university students in Hong Kong: A preliminary study. Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior, 4(1), 36\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/shb.shb_81_20."},{"issue":"1","key":"B33","series-title":"BMC Psychology","first-page":"381","article-title":"Chinese version of the Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport (TAPAS) scale: Testing unidimensionality, measurement invariance, concurrent validity, and known-group validity among Taiwanese youths","volume":"12","author":"Lin, Y. C.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin, Y. C., Chen, J. S., Bevan, N., O'Brien, K. S., Strong, C., Tsai, M. C., \u2026 Lin, C. Y. (2024). Chinese version of the Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport (TAPAS) scale: Testing unidimensionality, measurement invariance, concurrent validity, and known-group validity among Taiwanese youths. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-024-01870-y."},{"issue":"2","key":"B34","series-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders","first-page":"509","article-title":"Mediated effects of eating disturbances in the association of perceived weight stigma and emotional distress","volume":"25","author":"Lin, C. Y.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin, C. Y., Strong, C., Latner, J. D., Lin, Y. C., Tsai, M. C., & Cheung, P. (2020). Mediated effects of eating disturbances in the association of perceived weight stigma and emotional distress. Eating and Weight Disorders, 25(2), 509\u2013518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-019-00641-8."},{"issue":"22","key":"B35","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","first-page":"4410","article-title":"Psychological pathway from obesity-related stigma to anxiety via internalized stigma and self-esteem among adolescents in Taiwan","volume":"16","author":"Lin, C. Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin, C. Y., Tsai, M. C., Liu, C. H., Lin, Y. C., Hsieh, Y. P., & Strong, C. (2019). Psychological pathway from obesity-related stigma to anxiety via internalized stigma and self-esteem among adolescents in Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22), 4410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16224410."},{"issue":"4","key":"B36","series-title":"Journal of Nursing Research","first-page":"252","article-title":"Selection of appropriate Chinese terms to represent intensity and types of physical activity terms for use in the Taiwan version of IPAQ","volume":"16","author":"Liou, Y. M.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Liou, Y. M., Jwo, C. J., Yao, K. G., Chiang, L. C., & Huang, L. H. (2008). Selection of appropriate Chinese terms to represent intensity and types of physical activity terms for use in the Taiwan version of IPAQ. Journal of Nursing Research, 16(4), 252\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.jnr.0000387313.20386.0a."},{"key":"B37","series-title":"Body Image","first-page":"1","article-title":"An integrative model of weight stigma, body image, and physical activity in adolescents","volume":"45","author":"Lucibello, K. M.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lucibello, K. M., Sabiston, C. M., Pila, E., & Arbour-Nicitopoulos, K. (2023). An integrative model of weight stigma, body image, and physical activity in adolescents. Body Image, 45, 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bodyim.2023.01.003."},{"key":"B38","series-title":"Body Image","first-page":"67","article-title":"Internalized weight stigma and the progression of food addiction over time","volume":"34","author":"Meadows, A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Meadows, A., & Higgs, S. (2020). Internalized weight stigma and the progression of food addiction over time. Body Image, 34, 67\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bodyim.2020.05.002."},{"key":"B39","series-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction","first-page":"1","article-title":"The role of avoidance coping and escape motives in problematic online gaming: A systematic literature review","author":"Melodia, F.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Melodia, F., Canale, N., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). The role of avoidance coping and escape motives in problematic online gaming: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-020-00422-w."},{"key":"B40","series-title":"Clinical Psychology Review","article-title":"Global prevalence of digital addiction in general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"92","author":"Meng, S. Q.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meng, S. Q., Cheng, J. L., Li, Y. Y., Yang, X. Q., Zheng, J. W., Chang, X. W., \u2026 Shi, J. (2022). Global prevalence of digital addiction in general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 92, 102128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2022.102128."},{"issue":"7","key":"B41","series-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","first-page":"425","article-title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of Internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"71","author":"Mihara, S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mihara, S., & Higuchi, S. (2017). Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of Internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 71(7), 425\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.12532."},{"issue":"1","key":"B42","series-title":"Anales de Psicolog\u00eda","first-page":"162","article-title":"Influence of physical activity on self-esteem and risk of dependence in active and sedentary elderly people","volume":"34","author":"Moral-Garc\u00eda, J. E.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moral-Garc\u00eda, J. E., Garc\u00eda, D. O., Garc\u00eda, S. L., Jim\u00e9nez, M. A., & Dios, R. M. (2018). Influence of physical activity on self-esteem and risk of dependence in active and sedentary elderly people. Anales de Psicolog\u00eda, 34(1), 162. https:\/\/doi.org\/http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6018\/analesps.34.1.294541."},{"key":"bib69","series-title":"Body Image","first-page":"110","article-title":"Evaluating the potential roles of body dissatisfaction in exercise avoidance","volume":"28","author":"More, K. R.","year":"2019","unstructured":"More, K. R., Phillips, L. A., & Colman, M. H. E. (2019). Evaluating the potential roles of body dissatisfaction in exercise avoidance. Body Image, 28, 110\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bodyim.2019.01.003."},{"issue":"2","key":"B43","series-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","first-page":"150","article-title":"Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the weight self-stigma questionnaire and weight bias internalization scale in children and adolescents","volume":"19","author":"Pakpour, A. H.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pakpour, A. H., Tsai, M. C., Lin, Y. C., Strong, C., Latner, J. D., Fung, X. C. C., \u2026 Tsang, H. W. H. (2019). Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the weight self-stigma questionnaire and weight bias internalization scale in children and adolescents. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 19(2), 150\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijchp.2019.03.001."},{"key":"B44","series-title":"International Journal of Public Health","article-title":"International comparison of self-concept, self-perception and lifestyle in adolescents: A systematic review","volume":"67","author":"Palenzuela-Luis, N.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Palenzuela-Luis, N., Duarte-Cl\u00edments, G., G\u00f3mez-Salgado, J., Rodr\u00edguez-G\u00f3mez, J., & S\u00e1nchez-G\u00f3mez, M. B. (2022). International comparison of self-concept, self-perception and lifestyle in adolescents: A systematic review. International Journal of Public Health, 67, 1604954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/ijph.2022.1604954."},{"issue":"4","key":"B45","series-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","first-page":"993","article-title":"Assessing ICD-11 gaming disorder in adolescent gamers: Development and validation of the gaming disorder scale for adolescents (GADIS-A)","volume":"9","author":"Paschke, K.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Paschke, K., Austermann, M. I., & Thomasius, R. (2020). Assessing ICD-11 gaming disorder in adolescent gamers: Development and validation of the gaming disorder scale for adolescents (GADIS-A). Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(4), 993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9040993."},{"issue":"12","key":"B46","series-title":"Journal of Health Psychology","first-page":"1626","article-title":"Differential effects of weight bias experiences and internalization on exercise among women with overweight and obesity","volume":"20","author":"Pearl, R. L.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pearl, R. L., Puhl, R. M., & Dovidio, J. F. (2015). Differential effects of weight bias experiences and internalization on exercise among women with overweight and obesity. Journal of Health Psychology, 20(12), 1626\u20131632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1359105313520338."},{"issue":"11","key":"B47","series-title":"Annals of Behavioral Medicine","first-page":"904","article-title":"Weight stigma and weight-related health: Associations of self-report measures among adults in weight management","volume":"54","author":"Pearl, R. L.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pearl, R. L., Puhl, R. M., Himmelstein, M. S., Pinto, A. M., & Foster, G. D. (2020). Weight stigma and weight-related health: Associations of self-report measures among adults in weight management. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 54(11), 904\u2013914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/abm\/kaaa026."},{"issue":"12","key":"B48","series-title":"Obesity","first-page":"1994","article-title":"Is weight stigma associated with physical activity? A systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Pearl, R. L.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pearl, R. L., Wadden, T. A., & Jakicic, J. M. (2021). Is weight stigma associated with physical activity? A systematic review. Obesity, 29(12), 1994\u20132012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.23274."},{"issue":"1","key":"B49","series-title":"Childhood Obesity","first-page":"21","article-title":"Electronic gaming characteristics associated with class 3 severe obesity in youth who attend the pediatric weight management programs of the COMPASS Network","volume":"15","author":"Phan, T. T.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Phan, T. T., Tucker, J. M., Siegel, R., Christison, A. L., Stratbucker, W., Werk, L. N., \u2026 Stubblefield, S. (2019). Electronic gaming characteristics associated with class 3 severe obesity in youth who attend the pediatric weight management programs of the COMPASS Network. Childhood Obesity, 15(1), 21\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/chi.2018.0156."},{"issue":"1","key":"B50","series-title":"Scientific Reports","article-title":"Physical activity, screen time and the incidence of neck and shoulder pain in school-aged children","volume":"12","author":"Pirnes, K. P.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pirnes, K. P., Kallio, J., Hakonen, H., Hautala, A., H\u00e4kkinen, A. H., & Tammelin, T. (2022). Physical activity, screen time and the incidence of neck and shoulder pain in school-aged children. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 10635. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-14612-0."},{"issue":"2","key":"B51","series-title":"American Psychologist","first-page":"274","article-title":"Weight stigma as a psychosocial contributor to obesity","volume":"75","author":"Puhl, R. M.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Puhl, R. M., Himmelstein, M. S., & Pearl, R. L. (2020). Weight stigma as a psychosocial contributor to obesity. American Psychologist, 75(2), 274\u2013289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/amp0000538."},{"issue":"5","key":"B52","series-title":"Annals of Behavioral Medicine","first-page":"754","article-title":"The role of stigma in weight loss maintenance among U.S. adults","volume":"51","author":"Puhl, R. M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Puhl, R. M., Quinn, D. M., Weisz, B. M., & Suh, Y. J. (2017). The role of stigma in weight loss maintenance among U.S. adults. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 51(5), 754\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12160-017-9898-9."},{"key":"B53","series-title":"Mathematical statistics with applications in R","author":"Ramachandran, K. M.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramachandran, K. M., & Tsokos, C. P. (2020). Mathematical statistics with applications in R. Academic Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/doi.org\/10.1016\/C2018-0-02285-9."},{"issue":"6","key":"B54","series-title":"Journal of Pediatrics","first-page":"1239","article-title":"Screen-based behaviors of children and cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"167","author":"Robinson, S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robinson, S., Daly, R. M., Ridgers, N. D., & Salmon, J. (2015). Screen-based behaviors of children and cardiovascular risk factors. Journal of Pediatrics, 167(6), 1239\u20131245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.08.067."},{"key":"B55","series-title":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","first-page":"3821","article-title":"Measurement invariance and psychometric evaluation of the Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale (TAPAS) among mainland Chinese university students","volume":"16","author":"Saffari, M.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saffari, M., Chen, I. H., Huang, P. C., O'Brien, K. S., Hsieh, Y. P., Chen, J. K., \u2026 Lin, C. Y. (2023). Measurement invariance and psychometric evaluation of the Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale (TAPAS) among mainland Chinese university students. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 3821\u20133836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PRBM.S425804."},{"issue":"5","key":"B56","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","first-page":"2631","article-title":"Effects of weight-related self-stigma and smartphone addiction on female university students' physical activity levels","volume":"19","author":"Saffari, M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saffari, M., Chen, J. S., Wu, H. C., Fung, X. C. C., Chang, C. C., Chang, Y. L., \u2026 Lin, C. Y. (2022). Effects of weight-related self-stigma and smartphone addiction on female university students' physical activity levels. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19052631."},{"issue":"1","key":"B57","series-title":"Social Psychology Quarterly","first-page":"76","article-title":"The stigma of obesity: Does perceived weight discrimination affect identity and physical health?","volume":"74","author":"Schafer, M. H.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schafer, M. H., & Ferraro, K. F. (2011). The stigma of obesity: Does perceived weight discrimination affect identity and physical health? Social Psychology Quarterly, 74(1), 76\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0190272511398197."},{"issue":"7","key":"B58","series-title":"Plos One","article-title":"Replacing non-active video gaming by active video gaming to prevent excessive weight gain in adolescents","volume":"10","author":"Simons, M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Simons, M., Brug, J., Chinapaw, M. J., de Boer, M., Seidell, J., & de Vet, E. (2015). Replacing non-active video gaming by active video gaming to prevent excessive weight gain in adolescents. Plos One, 10(7), e0126023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0126023."},{"issue":"6","key":"B59","series-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","first-page":"553","article-title":"Global prevalence of gaming disorder: A systematic review and\u00a0meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Stevens, M. W.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stevens, M. W., Dorstyn, D., Delfabbro, P. H., & King, D. L. (2021). Global prevalence of gaming disorder: A systematic review and\u00a0meta-analysis. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 55(6), 553\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004867420962851."},{"issue":"2","key":"B60","series-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking","first-page":"109","article-title":"Problem video gaming among children enrolled in tertiary weight management programs","volume":"20","author":"Stubblefield, S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stubblefield, S., Datto, G., Phan, T. T., Werk, L. N., Stackpole, K., Siegel, R., \u2026 Gentile, D. A. (2017). Problem video gaming among children enrolled in tertiary weight management programs. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(2), 109\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2016.0386."},{"issue":"3","key":"B61","series-title":"General Psychiatry","article-title":"Research progress and debates on gaming disorder","volume":"32","author":"Wang, Q.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, Q., Ren, H., Long, J., Liu, Y., & Liu, T. (2019). Research progress and debates on gaming disorder. General Psychiatry, 32(3), e100071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gpsych-2019-100071."},{"issue":"5","key":"B62","series-title":"Current Opinion in Cardiology","first-page":"541","article-title":"Health benefits of physical activity: A systematic review of current systematic reviews","volume":"32","author":"Warburton, D. E. R.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Warburton, D. E. R., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2017). Health benefits of physical activity: A systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current Opinion in Cardiology, 32(5), 541\u2013556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/hco.0000000000000437."},{"issue":"1","key":"B63","series-title":"American Family Physician","first-page":"7","article-title":"The role of weight stigma in the development of eating disorders","volume":"104","author":"Westby, A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Westby, A., Jones, C. M., & Loth, K. A. (2021). The role of weight stigma in the development of eating disorders. American Family Physician, 104(1), 7\u20139."},{"key":"B64","series-title":"Fundamentals of modern statistical methods","author":"Wilcox, R. R.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wilcox, R. R. (2010). Fundamentals of modern statistical methods. Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4419-5525-8."},{"key":"B65","series-title":"International Classification of diseases 11th","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2019). International Classification of diseases 11th. Retrieved October 12, 2024, from https:\/\/icd.who.int\/en."},{"key":"B66","series-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry","article-title":"Translation and validation of the gaming disorder test and gaming disorder scale for\u00a0adolescents into Chinese for Taiwanese young adults","volume":"124","author":"Wu, T. Y.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu, T. Y., Huang, S. W., Chen, J. S., Kamolthip, R., Kukreti, S., Strong, C., \u2026 Pakpour, A. H. (2023). Translation and validation of the gaming disorder test and gaming disorder scale for\u00a0adolescents into Chinese for Taiwanese young adults. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 124, 152396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.comppsych.2023.152396."},{"key":"B67","series-title":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","article-title":"Tendency to avoid physical activity mediates the association between perceived weight stigma and physical activity levels among university students","volume":"26","author":"Yi, J.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yi, J., Chen, I. H., Chen, H. P., Lin, I. C., Chen, J. S., Huang, P. C., \u2026 Lin, C. Y. (2024). Tendency to avoid physical activity mediates the association between perceived weight stigma and physical activity levels among university students. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 26, 100584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mhpa.2024.100584."}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavioral Addictions"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/14\/1\/article-p289.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/14\/1\/article-p289.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/14\/1\/article-p289.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T16:54:48Z","timestamp":1743180888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/14\/1\/article-p289.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2024.00083","relation":{},"ISSN":["2062-5871","2063-5303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2062-5871","type":"print"},{"value":"2063-5303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]}}}