{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:33:34Z","timestamp":1792802014366,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Orygen Adolescent Development Study"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020263","name":"Colonial Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020263","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council.","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Growing concerns regarding problematic gaming highlight the need for prospective longitudinal research to explore potential targets for prevention. Markers that can be observed during early adolescence, prior to the establishment of problematic behaviors, may be particularly informative. Two potential predictors of interest that have been shown to reflect important developmental and psychopathological processes are temperament and brain structure, which respectively provide self-reported and objective markers of individual differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Temperament (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 245) and brain volume (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= 154) were assessed at 11\u201313 years, and problematic video gaming (dimensional gaming addiction score;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 130) at 17\u201319 years, in adolescents selected from a community sample to maximize variation in temperament. Associations between temperament and problematic video gaming were tested. Further models explored whether brain volume, and interactions between brain volume and temperament\u00a0explained additional variance in predicting problematic video gaming.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Negative affectivity (\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2.94 [95% CI 0.32, 5.57]), as well as male gender (\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22126.61 [\u221210.64, \u22122.59]), were\u00a0associated with later problematic video gaming. Also, lower effortful control in male participants was associated with higher odds for problematic video gaming in later adolescence (\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4.32 [CI 0.24, 8.39]). Exploratory analyses showed modest evidence for an interaction between effortful control and\u00a0amygdala volume in predicting problematic video gaming.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This six-year prospective\u00a0longitudinal study, confirms associations between negative affectivity and effortful control and later problematic video gaming. Further, higher effortful control might have a protective role in individuals with larger amygdalae, who are vulnerable to mental health disorders, such as video gaming addiction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2025.00068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T15:31:16Z","timestamp":1756395076000},"page":"1315-1325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Temperament, brain structure and problematic video gaming in adolescence \u2013 A six-year longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1127-3509","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ines","family":"M\u00fcrner-Lavanchy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0767-2515","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Silvano","family":"Sele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7228-1847","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julian","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Psychological Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6747-1937","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dan I.","family":"Lubman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turning Point Eastern Health, Richmond, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3145-1528","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah","family":"Whittle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1086-6639","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicholas B.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0031-7764","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael","family":"Kaess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edition","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). 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