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Here, we systematically reviewed and synthesized existing literature to provide an up-to-date overview of associations between NSSI, problem gambling, problem gaming, and problematic internet use (PIU).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We searched four databases through April 2025: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and PsycINFO. The Joanna Briggs Institute's tool was used to assess the quality of studies. Empirical studies utilizing quantitative or qualitative methods or case studies that presented evidence on the relationships between NSSI and frequent or problematic gambling, internet use, and gaming were included.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Forty studies published between 2009 and 2025 were reviewed. Four investigated the relationship between NSSI and problem gambling, seven focused on problem gaming, and twenty-nine examined PIU. Cross-sectional designs and surveys were common. Findings suggest that at-risk or problem gambling was associated with NSSI in adolescents, college students, and adults. An association between PIU and NSSI appeared moderated by social support, with impulsivity representing a shared factor. Similarly, internet gaming disorder and its severity were linked to NSSI, with anxiety acting both as a mediator and moderator. Limitations entailed self-reported measures, limited generalizability, poor ability to establish causal relationships due to cross-sectional designs, and frequent use of single unvalidated questions to assess NSSI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The review provides a\u00a0comprehensive overview and suggests complex relationships between NSSI and problem gambling, problem gaming, and PIU. Clinicians and future studies should focus on co-occurring disorders and identify risk factors, predictors, and moderators that influence\u00a0these relationships.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2025.00079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T12:45:30Z","timestamp":1762346730000},"page":"1481-1502","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Scars, screens, and stakes: Link between non-suicidal self-injury and problem gambling, problem gaming, and problematic internet use\u00a0\u2013\u00a0A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1160-1912","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Magda","family":"Losaberidze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1434-3162","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Mallorqu\u00ed-Bagu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5604-7551","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zsolt","family":"Demetrovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3596-8033","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Susana","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Murcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona. Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Ciber Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6323-1354","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marc N.","family":"Potenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2251-7310","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanisha","family":"Soborun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7703-6003","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pedro","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7010-5623","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melinda","family":"Reinhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6750-2644","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gy\u00f6ngyi","family":"K\u00f6k\u00f6nyei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, National Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5345-0484","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gemma","family":"Mestre-Bach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4525-0524","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrea","family":"Czak\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"B1","series-title":"Middle East Current Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-024-00459-w","article-title":"Status and sociodemographic correlates of pathological internet use among adolescents in Jordan: A cross-sectional study","volume":"31","author":"Abdallah, F. 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