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This study investigates emotion processing deficits in PMSMU, focusing on valence-specific attentional biases and neural dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      113 Chinese college students stratified into low-risk (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 55) and high-risk PMSMU (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 58) groups completed psychological assessments and an emotion recognition task using facial stimuli depicting the seven basic emotions selected from the Chinese Facial Affective Picture System (CFAPS) during simultaneous eye-tracking and fNIRS recording prefrontal-temporal activation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      High-risk PMSMU showed enhanced accuracy for joy emotion (82.58% vs. 74.31%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.013) but impaired negative emotion recognition (64.29% vs. 69.87%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006). Eye-tracking revealed reduced nose-root fixation and increased mouth and the middle of nose attention. fNIRS identified negative-emotion-specific hyperactivation in right temporal (c1,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.017) and left frontal lobes (c9,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.021). Temporal activation correlated with slower sadness recognition (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.345), while attention deficits linked to reduced fear accuracy (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.261) and temporal hyperactivity (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.377). High-risk subjects reported poorer psychosocial functioning (poorer interpersonal skills, attentional control, and higher levels of anxiety and depression,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), with frontal activation moderating negative-emotion-impairment relationships.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PMSMU is characterized by valence-specific disruptions\u2014including attentional bias toward positive cues, impaired fear processing, and prefrontal-temporal hyperactivation during negative emotion decoding\u2014that collectively define it as a neurobehavioral condition leading to psychosocial impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2025.00306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T15:40:01Z","timestamp":1776267601000},"page":"661-671","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From attentional bias to neural dysfunction: Multimodal evidence for emotion processing deficits in individuals with problematic social media use"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4672-3055","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shuai","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Sichuan Applied Psychology Research Center, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Youth Abnormal Psychology and Behavior of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4145-7662","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chaomin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2542-342X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tingfeng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6057-464X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Keji","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1401-8027","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qiong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9014-1142","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jian Medicine, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"B1","series-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00301-X","article-title":"Neural systems for recognizing emotion","volume":"12","author":"Adolphs, R.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Adolphs, R. 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