{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T08:01:13Z","timestamp":1787644873689,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":227,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n While regular physical activity provides many health benefits, exercise can cause more harm than good when done excessively to the point where a person loses control. This condition has been called various names, but the most accurate term is \u2018exercise addiction\u2019 (EA) because it reflects\u00a0both compulsive behavior and dependence. EA is classified as a non-substance-related addictive disorder, or behavioral addiction, and has been the subject of research for over fifty years. However, it is not officially recognized in major diagnostic systems, mainly due to significant conceptual and measurement challenges. This paper provides an overview of current knowledge on EA, including its causes, assessment issues, epidemiology, associated conditions, negative effects, and options for treatment and prevention.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n An evaluation-driven narrative review was conducted which synthesized findings from empirical research and theoretical models adopted across EA research. It critically examined prevailing conceptualizations, methodological challenges, and potential treatment approaches.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Epidemiological findings are inconsistent and report inflated prevalence rates, partly due to reliance on self-report instruments that often fail to distinguish pathological exercise from passion. Etiological models emphasize the complex interplay between biological, psychological, and behavioral factors. Negative consequences include physical injury, emotional distress, and social strain. Evidence for effective interventions remains sparse.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Despite growing interest, progress remains slow. There is a need for larger, longitudinal, and experimental studies to advance understanding. Though not included in the DSM-5, greater clinical awareness is vital for early detection and prevention. EA is clinically relevant but still poorly defined, requiring robust empirical and theoretical work.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2025.00336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T19:12:25Z","timestamp":1776885145000},"page":"540-566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Exercise addiction: A review and evaluation of current research and theory"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8309-3171","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bhavya","family":"Chhabra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE\u00a0E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Education, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5604-7551","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zsolt","family":"Demetrovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, College of Human Sciences and Culture, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia"},{"name":"Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8880-6524","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark D.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50\u00a0Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2788-4304","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Attila","family":"Szabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE\u00a0E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, Gy\u0151r, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.11.074","article-title":"Acute effects of aerobic exercise on negative affect and obsessions and compulsions in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"245","author":"Abrantes, A. 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