{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:51:38Z","timestamp":1791553898779,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JBA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Reported prevalence for Compulsive Buying-Shopping Disorder (CBSD) remains inconsistent. We updated global CBSD prevalence estimates, including sex\/gender comparisons and online manifestations, through a registered systematic review\/meta-analysis of studies reporting prevalence in non-clinical samples (\n                      <jats:italic>PROSPERO<\/jats:italic>\n                      CRD42024591568; published 30\/09\/2024) following\n                      <jats:italic>PRISMA<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>MOOSE<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>PubMed<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>Scopus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>Web of Science<\/jats:italic>\n                      were searched (without geographical\/temporal restrictions; through 06\/2026). Two reviewers independently conducted screening, extraction, risk of bias (RoB) assessment (\n                      <jats:italic>Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Prevalence Studies<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). DerSimonian\u2013Laird random-effects models estimated pooled prevalence in representative adult, student\/young adult, convenience, adolescent, online buying-shopping samples. Subgroup analyses: year, field, region, assessment, sample size, age, RoB. Evidence certainty followed\n                      <jats:italic>GRADE<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      111 studies (121 estimates;\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 134,907; 32 countries) were included. Pooled prevalence estimates: 4.6% [3.6%, 5.5%] in representative adult; 9.2% [8.0%, 10.4%] in student\/young adult; 10.7% [9.3%, 12.2%]) in convenience; 20.6% in adolescent [10.2%, 31.1%]; 5.9% [4.1%, 7.7%]) in online samples. No sex\/gender differences emerged in representative\/adolescent\/online samples. Women showed higher rates than men in student\/young adult\/convenience samples. Heterogeneity was high (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      &gt; 90%). Subgroup findings: significant differences for publication year\/region in representative adult; region\/assessment\/RoB in student\/young adult; publication year\/sample size in convenience samples; no subgroup differences in adolescent\/online samples. Certainty was moderate for representative adult samples, (very) low for all others.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings underscore the need for diverse, age-adapted, cross-cultural epidemiological research including gender-diverse populations and different consumer environments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CBSD is prevalent, particularly among youth. Gender gaps appear limited in binary sex\/gender comparisons, evidence for gender minorities remains largely absent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2026.00242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:17:59Z","timestamp":1791551879000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Updated global prevalence estimates of compulsive buying-shopping disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis with sex\/gender-specific analyses"],"prefix":"10.1556","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0213-5171","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nora M.","family":"Laskowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Clinic, Ruhr-University Bochum, Alexandrinenstra\u00dfe 1-3, 44791 Bochum, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Stra\u00dfe 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7965-5223","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patricia","family":"Schaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Stra\u00dfe 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0097-7594","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cristina","family":"Ballero Reque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Clinic, Ruhr-University Bochum, Alexandrinenstra\u00dfe 1-3, 44791 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4553-0585","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bjarn-Ove","family":"Tetzlaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Stra\u00dfe 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4895-1599","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gerrit","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Clinic, Ruhr-University Bochum, Alexandrinenstra\u00dfe 1-3, 44791 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6176-2947","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Astrid","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Stra\u00dfe 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2069-0024","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Georgios","family":"Paslakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Clinic, Ruhr-University Bochum, Alexandrinenstra\u00dfe 1-3, 44791 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"6\u00a0June","key":"B1","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252563","article-title":"Compulsive and compensative buying among online shoppers: An empirical study","volume":"16","author":"Adamczyk, G.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adamczyk, G. 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