{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T22:19:00Z","timestamp":1759529940185},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,19]],"date-time":"2016-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463616000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Behav Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,19]]},"abstract":"\n Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n Corticostriatal-limbic neurocircuitry, emotional and motivational processing, dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems and genetic factors have all been implicated in pathological gambling (PG). However, allelic variants of genes influencing dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmitters have not been investigated with respect to the neural correlates of emotional and motivational states in PG. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) converts dopamine to norepinephrine; the T allele of a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1611115 (C-1021T) in the DBH<\/jats:italic> gene is associated with less DBH activity and has been linked to emotional processes and addiction. Here, we investigate the influence of rs1611115 on the neural correlates of emotional and motivational processing in PG and healthy comparison (HC) participants.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n While undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging, 18 PG and 25 HC participants, all European Americans, viewed gambling-, sad-, and cocaine-related videotapes. Analyses focused on brain activation differences related to DBH<\/jats:italic> genotype (CC\/T-carrier [i.e.,\u00a0CT and TT]) and condition (sad\/gambling\/cocaine).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n CC participants demonstrated greater recruitment of corticostriatal-limbic regions, relative to T-carriers. DBH<\/jats:italic> variants were also associated with altered corticostriatal-limbic activations across the different videotape conditions, and this association appeared to be driven by greater activation in CC participants relative to T-carriers during the sad condition. CC relative to T-carrier subjects also reported greater subjective sadness to the sad videotapes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Individual differences in genetic composition linked to aminergic function contribute significantly to emotional regulation across diagnostic groups and warrant further investigation in PG.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.5.2016.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,19]],"date-time":"2016-05-19T18:36:12Z","timestamp":1463682972000},"page":"282-292","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A Preliminary Study of DBH (Encoding Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase) Genetic Variation and Neural Correlates of Emotional and Motivational Processing in Individuals With and Without Pathological Gambling"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Bao-Zhu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iris M.","family":"Balodis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl M.","family":"Lacadie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiansong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc N.","family":"Potenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"CASAColumbia, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"B1","series-title":"Biological Psychiatry,","first-page":"e89","article-title":"Catecholamine influences on dorsolateral prefrontal cortical networks","volume":"69","author":"Arnsten, A.\u00a0F.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arnsten, A.\u00a0F.\n (2011). 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Biological Psychiatry,64(10), 842\u2013849. doi:10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.06.014"},{"issue":"1","key":"B8","series-title":"Neuroimage,","first-page":"40","article-title":"Striatal dopamine D(2)\/D(3) receptor binding in pathological gambling is correlated with mood-related impulsivity","volume":"63","author":"Clark, L.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Clark, L.\n , \n \n Stokes, P.\u00a0R.\n , \n \n Wu, K.\n , \n \n Michalczuk, R.\n , \n \n Benecke, A.\n , \n \n Watson, B.\u00a0J.\n , \n \n Egerton, A.\n , \n \n Piccini, P.\n , \n \n Nutt, D.\u00a0J.\n , \n \n Bowden-Jones, H.\n , & \n \n Lingford-Hughes, A.\u00a0R.\n (2012). Striatal dopamine D(2)\/D(3) receptor binding in pathological gambling is correlated with mood-related impulsivity. 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Biological Psychiatry,58(10), 787\u2013795. doi:10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.04.037"},{"issue":"1","key":"B10","series-title":"Molecular Psychiatry,","first-page":"56","article-title":"A haplotype at the DBH locus, associated with low plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity, also associates with cocaine-induced paranoia","volume":"5","author":"Cubells, J.\u00a0F.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cubells, J.\u00a0F.\n , \n \n Kranzler, H.\u00a0R.\n , \n \n McCance-Katz, E.\n , \n \n Anderson, G.\u00a0M.\n , \n \n Malison, R.\u00a0T.\n , \n \n Price, L.\u00a0H.\n , & \n \n Gelernter, J.\n (2000). A haplotype at the DBH locus, associated with low plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity, also associates with cocaine-induced paranoia. Molecular Psychiatry,5(1), 56\u201363. doi:10.1038\/sj.mp.4000657"},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders: SCID-I clinician version","author":"First, M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"First, M.\n (1997). 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The genetics of problem and pathological gambling: A systematic review. Current Pharmaceutical Design,20(25), 3993\u20133999. doi:10.2174\/13816128113199990626"},{"issue":"4","key":"B17","series-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl),","first-page":"383","article-title":"Administration of the beta-adrenoceptor blocker propranolol impairs the processing of facial expressions of sadness","volume":"154","author":"Harmer, C.\u00a0J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Harmer, C.\u00a0J.\n , \n \n Perrett, D.\u00a0I.\n , \n \n Cowen, P.\u00a0J.\n , & \n \n Goodwin, G.\u00a0M.\n (2001). Administration of the beta-adrenoceptor blocker propranolol impairs the processing of facial expressions of sadness. 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American Journal of Psychiatry,158(2), 314\u2013316. doi:10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.2.314"},{"issue":"2","key":"B29","series-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry,","first-page":"81","article-title":"Treatment of pathological gambling with disulfiram: A report of 2 cases","volume":"44","author":"Muller, C.\u00a0A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Muller, C.\u00a0A.\n , \n \n Banas, R.\n , \n \n Heinz, A.\n , & \n \n Hein, J.\n (2011). Treatment of pathological gambling with disulfiram: A report of 2 cases. Pharmacopsychiatry,44(2), 81\u201383. doi:10.1055\/s-0031-1271683"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"B30","series-title":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine,","first-page":"S246","article-title":"XMedCon \u2013 An open-source medical image conversion toolkit","volume":"30","author":"Nolf, E.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nolf, E.\n (2003). XMedCon \u2013 An open-source medical image conversion toolkit. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine,30(Suppl. 2), S246."},{"issue":"3","key":"B31","series-title":"Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences USA,","first-page":"1736","article-title":"Dissociation in human prefrontal cortex of affective influences on working memory-related activity","volume":"99","author":"Perlstein, W.\u00a0M.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perlstein, W.\u00a0M.\n , \n \n Elbert, T.\n , & \n \n Stenger, V.\u00a0A.\n (2002). Dissociation in human prefrontal cortex of affective influences on working memory-related activity. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences USA,99(3), 1736\u20131741. doi:10.1073\/pnas.241650598"},{"issue":"3","key":"B32","series-title":"PLoS One,","first-page":"e90092","article-title":"Effect of dopamine therapy on nonverbal affect burst recognition in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Peron, J.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peron, J.\n , \n \n Grandjean, D.\n , \n \n Drapier, S.\n , & \n \n Verin, M.\n (2014). 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