{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:23:37Z","timestamp":1790137417226,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Behav Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background and aims\">\n          <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Online Texas Hold\u2019em poker has become a spectacular form of entertainment in our society, and the number of people who use this form of gambling is increasing. It seems that online poker activity challenges existing theoretical concepts about problem gambling behaviors. The purpose of this literature review is to provide a current overview about the population of online poker players.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n          <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>To be selected, articles had to focus on psychopathology in a sample of online poker players, be written in English or French, and be published before November 2015. A total of 17 relevant studies were identified.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n          <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>In this population, the proportion of problematic gamblers was higher than in other forms of gambling. Several factors predicting excessive gambling were identified such as stress, internal attribution, dissociation, boredom, negative emotions, irrational beliefs, anxiety, and impulsivity. The population of online poker players is largely heterogeneous, with experimental players forming a specific group. Finally, the validity of the tools used to measure excessive or problematic gambling and irrational beliefs are not suitable for assessing online poker activity.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec sec-type=\"discussion and conclusions\">\n          <jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Future studies need to confirm previous findings in the literature of online poker games. Given that skills are important in poker playing, skill development in the frames of excessive use of online poker should be explored more in depth, particularly regarding poker experience and loss chasing. Future research should focus on skills, self-regulation, and psychopathology of online poker players.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.5.2016.035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,27]],"date-time":"2016-06-27T12:35:17Z","timestamp":1467030917000},"page":"155-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Psychopathology of Online Poker Players: Review of Literature"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Axelle","family":"Moreau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire OCTOGONE, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri","family":"Chabrol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire OCTOGONE, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emeline","family":"Chauchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"DSM-IV-TR Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux [Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV]","year":"2003","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2003). DSM-IV-TR Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux [Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV] (2e Texte r\u00e9vis\u00e9). Issy-les-Moulineaux: Editions Masson."},{"key":"B2","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5","year":"2013","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 (5th\u00a0rev.\u00a0ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing."},{"issue":"2","key":"B3","series-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Review,","first-page":"150","article-title":"Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the HEXACO model of personality structure","volume":"11","author":"Ashton, M.\u00a0C.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ashton, M.\u00a0C.\n            , & \n            \n              Lee, K.\n           (2007). Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the HEXACO model of personality structure. 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Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking,16(3), 183\u2013188. doi:10.1089\/cyber.2012.0150"},{"issue":"5","key":"B7","series-title":"Personality and Individual Differences,","first-page":"502","article-title":"Impulsive sensation seeking and gambling practice among a sample of online poker players","volume":"55","author":"Barrault, S.","year":"2013b","unstructured":"Barrault, S.\n            , & \n            \n              Varescon, I.\n           (2013b). Impulsive sensation seeking and gambling practice among a sample of online poker players. 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Psychological Reports,94(3c), 1361\u20131371. doi:10.2466\/pr0.94.3c.1361-1371"},{"issue":"28","key":"B12","series-title":"Journal of Gambling Issues","first-page":"1","article-title":"Texas hold\u2019em poker: A qualitative analysis of gamblers\u2019 perceptions","author":"Bouju, G.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bouju, G.\n            , \n            \n              Grall-Bronnec, M.\n            , \n            \n              Quistrebert-Davanne, V.\n            , \n            \n              Hardouin, J.-B.\n            , & \n            \n              Venisse, J.-L.\n           (2013). Texas hold\u2019em poker: A qualitative analysis of gamblers\u2019 perceptions. Journal of Gambling Issues (28), 1\u201328. doi:10.4309\/jgi.2013.28.4"},{"issue":"8","key":"B13","series-title":"European Psychiatry,","first-page":"6","article-title":"Les joueurs de poker: Un profil diff\u00e9rent des autres joueurs?","volume":"28","author":"Bouju, G.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bouju, G.\n            , \n            \n              Hardouin, J.-B.\n            , \n            \n              Grall-Bronnec, M.\n            , \n            \n              Bouju, G.\n            , \n            \n              V\u00e9nisse, J.-L.\n            , \n            \n              Hardouin, J.-B.\n            , \n            \n              Romo, L.\n            , \n            \n              Legauffre, C.\n            , \n            \n              Dubertret, C.\n          ,\u00a0Codina, I., Valleur, M.,\u00a0Auriacombe, M.,\u00a0Fats\u00e9as, M., Alexandre, J.-M., Llorca, P.-M., Ch\u00e9reau-Boudet, I., Lan\u00e7on, C., Magalon, D., Reynaud, M., Gorsane, M.-A., & Groupe JEU (2013). 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Gaming Law Review,12(1), 31\u201336. doi:10.1089\/glr.2008.12105"},{"issue":"7","key":"B16","series-title":"Personality and Individual Differences,","first-page":"1484","article-title":"You bet: How personality differences affect risk-taking preferences","volume":"44","author":"Demaree, H.\u00a0A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Demaree, H.\u00a0A.\n            , \n            \n              DeDonno, M.\u00a0A.\n            , \n            \n              Burns, K.\u00a0J.\n            , & \n            \n              Everhart, E.\u00a0D.\n           (2008). You bet: How personality differences affect risk-taking preferences. Personality and Individual Differences,44(7), 1484\u20131494. doi:10.1016\/j.paid.2008.01.005"},{"key":"B17","series-title":"Petite histoire du poker.","author":"Depaulis, T.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Depaulis, T.\n           (2008). 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CyberPsychology & Behavior,12(6), 741\u2013745. doi:10.1089\/cpb.2009.0050"},{"issue":"1","key":"B38","series-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions,","first-page":"31","article-title":"An examination of participation in online gambling activities and the relationship with problem gambling","volume":"2","author":"McCormack, A.","year":"2013","unstructured":"McCormack, A.\n            , \n            \n              Shorter, G.\u00a0W.\n            , & \n            \n              Griffiths, M.\u00a0D.\n           (2013). An examination of participation in online gambling activities and the relationship with problem gambling. 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Susceptibility to addictive behaviour in online and traditional poker playing environments. Journal of Behavioral Addictions,1(1), 23\u201327. doi:10.1556\/JBA.1.2012.1.2."},{"key":"B50","series-title":"Journal of Gambling Issues,","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effect of skilled gamblers on the success of less skilled gamblers","volume":"5","author":"Turner, N.\u00a0E.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Turner, N.\u00a0E.\n            , & \n            \n              Fritz, B.\n           (2001). The effect of skilled gamblers on the success of less skilled gamblers. Journal of Gambling Issues,5, 1\u201317. doi:10.4309\/jgi.2001.5.10"},{"key":"B51","series-title":"Les addictions sans drogue: pr\u00e9venir et traiter: Un d\u00e9fi soci\u00e9tal.","author":"Venisse, J.-L.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Venisse, J.-L.\n            , & \n            \n              Grall-Bronnec, M.\n           (2012). 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