{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T15:36:46Z","timestamp":1764603406056},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Behav Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]]},"abstract":"\n Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n In many jurisdictions, where gambling services are provided, regulatory codes require gambling operators to apply a duty of care toward patrons. A common feature of these provisions is some expectation that venue staff identify and assist patrons who might be experiencing problems with their gambling. The effectiveness of such measures is, however, predicated on the assumption that there are reliable and observable indicators that might be used to allow problem gamblers to be distinguished from other gamblers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n In this study, we consolidate the findings from two large Australian studies (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009505 and n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009680) of regular gamblers that were designed to identify reliable and useful indicators for identifying problem gambling in venues.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n It was found that problem gamblers are much more likely to report potentially visible emotional reactions, unusual social behaviors, and very intense or frenetic gambling behavior. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n This study shows that there are a range of indicators that could potentially be used to identify people experiencing problems in venues, but that decisions are most likely to be accurate if based on an accumulation of a diverse range of indicators.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.5.2016.065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,27]],"date-time":"2016-09-27T11:33:57Z","timestamp":1474976037000},"page":"419-428","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Observable indicators and behaviors for the identification of problem gamblers in venue environments"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Delfabbro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Gambling Research Centre, Australian Institute of Family Studies, Melbourne, Australia, and Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Gambling Research Centre, Australian Institute of Family Studies, Melbourne, Australia, and Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Current issues related to identifying the problem gambler in the gambling venue","first-page":"2","article-title":"Overview of discussion papers","author":"Allcock, C.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Allcock, C.\n (2002). Overview of discussion papers. In Allcock, C. (Ed.), Current issues related to identifying the problem gambler in the gambling venue (pp. 2\u20137). Melbourne: Australian Gaming Council."},{"key":"B2","series-title":"Limit setting and player choice in online gamblers: An empirical study of real time gambling behavior","author":"Auer, M.","year":"2011, October","unstructured":"Auer, M.\n , & \n \n Griffiths, M.\u00a0D.\n (2011, October). Limit setting and player choice in online gamblers: An empirical study of real time gambling behavior. Paper presented at the 12th Annual NCRG Conference on Gambling and Addiction, Las Vegas, USA."},{"key":"B3","series-title":"Responsible gaming: The proactive approach: Integrating responsible gaming into casino environments.","author":"Austin, M.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Austin, M.\n (2007). Responsible gaming: The proactive approach: Integrating responsible gaming into casino environments.Saskatchewan: iView Systems."},{"issue":"2","key":"B4","series-title":"European Journal of Public Health: Advance Access,","first-page":"273","article-title":"How do gamblers start gambling: Identifying behavioural markers for high-risk Internet gambling","volume":"22","author":"Braverman, J.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Braverman, J.\n , & \n \n Shaffer, H.\n (2010). How do gamblers start gambling: Identifying behavioural markers for high-risk Internet gambling. European Journal of Public Health: Advance Access,22(2), 273\u2013278. doi:10.1093\/eurpub\/ckp232"},{"key":"B5","series-title":"The harm minimisation strategy: A proposed national responsible gambling policy for New Zealand.","author":"Brown, R.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brown, R.\n (2000). The harm minimisation strategy: A proposed national responsible gambling policy for New Zealand.Auckland: Problem Gambling Committee of New Zealand."},{"key":"B6","series-title":"Gambling, harm and health: Two perspectives on ways to minimise harm with regard to gambling in New Zealand.","author":"Brown, R.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brown, R.\n , & \n \n Raeburn, J.\n (2001). Gambling, harm and health: Two perspectives on ways to minimise harm with regard to gambling in New Zealand.Auckland: Problem Gambling Committee of New Zealand."},{"key":"B7","series-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction,","first-page":"307","article-title":"iCare: Integrating responsible gaming into casino operation","volume":"5,","author":"Davies, B.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Davies, B.\n (2007). iCare: Integrating responsible gaming into casino operation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction,5,307\u2013310. doi:10.1007\/s11469-007-9078-4"},{"key":"B8","series-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies,","first-page":"1","article-title":"Venue staff knowledge of their patrons\u2019 gambling and problem gambling","volume":"27,","author":"Delfabbro, P.\u00a0H.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Delfabbro, P.\u00a0H.\n , \n \n Borgas, M.\n , & \n \n King, D.\n (2011). Venue staff knowledge of their patrons\u2019 gambling and problem gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies,27,1\u201313. doi:10.1007\/s10899-010-9201-5"},{"key":"B9","series-title":"International Gambling Studies,","first-page":"349","article-title":"Behavioural profiling of problem gamblers: A summary and review","volume":"12,","author":"Delfabbro, P.\u00a0H.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Delfabbro, P.\u00a0H.\n , \n \n King, D.\n , & \n \n Griffiths, M.\n (2012). Behavioural profiling of problem gamblers: A summary and review. International Gambling Studies,12,349\u2013366. doi:10.1080\/14459795.2012.678274"},{"key":"B10","series-title":"The identification of problem gamblers within gaming venues: Final report.","author":"Delfabbro, P.\u00a0H.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Delfabbro, P.\u00a0H.\n , \n \n Osborn, A.\n , \n \n McMillen, J.\n , \n \n Neville, M.\n , & \n \n Skelt, L.\n (2007). The identification of problem gamblers within gaming venues: Final report.Melbourne: Victorian Department of Justice."},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Phase II final report to the Canadian Inter-provincial Task Force on Problem Gambling","article-title":"The Canadian Problem Gambling Index: Final report","author":"Ferris, J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ferris, J.\n , & \n \n Wynne, H.\n (2001). The Canadian Problem Gambling Index: Final report. Phase II final report to the Canadian Inter-provincial Task Force on Problem Gambling. Ottawa: Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse."},{"key":"B12","series-title":"Assessment of the behavioural impact of Responsible Gaming Device Features (RGD): Analysis of Nova Scotia player-card data.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Focal Research. (2007). Assessment of the behavioural impact of Responsible Gaming Device Features (RGD): Analysis of Nova Scotia player-card data.Halifax, Nova Scotia: Focal Research."},{"key":"B13","series-title":"International Gambling Studies,","first-page":"153","article-title":"Player account-based gambling: Potentials for behaviour-based research methodologies","volume":"11,","author":"Gainsbury, S.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gainsbury, S.\n (2011). Player account-based gambling: Potentials for behaviour-based research methodologies. 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