{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:38:44Z","timestamp":1772757524547,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,30]],"date-time":"2018-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527638400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Behav Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,30]]},"abstract":"\n Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n Symptoms of pathological gambling (SPG) and depression often co-occur. The nature of this relationship remains unclear. Rumination, which is well known to be associated with depression, might act as a common underlying factor explaining the frequent co-occurrence of both conditions. The aim of this study is to analyze associations between the rumination subfactors brooding and reflection and SPG.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Participants aged 14\u201364 years were recruited within an epidemiological study on pathological gambling in Germany. Cross-sectional data of 506 (80.4% male) individuals with a history of gambling problems were analyzed. The assessment included a standardized clinical interview. To examine the effects of rumination across different levels of problem gambling severity, sequential quantile regression was used to analyze the association between the rumination subfactors and SPG.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Brooding (p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.005) was positively associated with the severity of problem gambling after adjusting for reflection, depressive symptoms, and sociodemographic variables. Along the distribution of problem gambling severity, findings hold for all but the lowest severity level. Reflection (p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.347) was not associated with the severity of problem gambling at the median. Along the distribution of problem gambling severity, there was an inverse association at only one quantile.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Brooding might be important in the development and maintenance of problem gambling. With its relations to depression and problem gambling, it might be crucial when it comes to explaining the high comorbidity rates between SPG and depression. The role of reflection in SPG remains inconclusive.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.38","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,30]],"date-time":"2018-05-30T13:32:13Z","timestamp":1527687133000},"page":"384-391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Explaining the relation between pathological gambling and depression: Rumination as an underlying common cause"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Kristian","family":"Krause","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Bischof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Research Group S:TEP, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Lewin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik Niederrhein, Psychological Service, Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Guertler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany"},{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans-J\u00fcrgen","family":"Rumpf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Research Group S:TEP, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany"},{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany"},{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"B1","series-title":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743715625950","article-title":"A longitudinal study of the temporal relation between problem gambling and mental and substance use disorders among young adults","volume":"61","author":"Afifi, T.\u00a0O.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Afifi, T.\u00a0O.\n , \n \n Nicholson, R.\n , \n \n Martins, S.\u00a0S.\n , & \n \n Sareen, J.\n (2016). 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