{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T20:48:02Z","timestamp":1788900482131,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Behav Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study sought to examine the occurrence of the problematic use of smartphones in a university sample and associated physical and mental health correlates, including potential relationships with risky sexual practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 156-item anonymous online survey was distributed via e-mail to a sample of 9,449 university students. In addition to problematic smartphone usage, current use of alcohol and drugs, psychological and physical status, and academic performance were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 31,425 participants were included in the analysis, of whom 20.1% reported problematic smartphone use. Problematic use of smartphones was associated with lower grade point averages and with alcohol use disorder symptoms. It was also significantly associated with impulsivity (Barratt scale and ADHD) and elevated occurrence of PTSD, anxiety, and depression. Finally, those with current problems with smartphone use were significantly more sexually active.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Problematic use of smartphones is common and has public health importance due to these demonstrable associations with alcohol use, certain mental health diagnoses (especially ADHD, anxiety, depression, and PTSD), and worse scholastic performance. Clinicians should enquire about excessive smartphone use as it may be associated with a range of mental health issues. Research is needed to address longitudinal associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.8.2019.32","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T08:18:48Z","timestamp":1561969128000},"page":"335-342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":175,"title":["Problematic smartphone use associated with greater alcohol consumption, mental health issues, poorer academic performance, and impulsivity"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jon E.","family":"Grant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Lust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Boynton Health Service, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel R.","family":"Chamberlain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"},{"name":"4 Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT), Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref701","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine,"},{"key":"ref281","first-page":"817","article-title":"Latent class analysis on Internet and smartphone addiction in college students","volume":"10,","author":"Mok","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment,"},{"key":"ref471","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1429","article-title":"The role of impulsivity in actual and problematic use of the mobile phone","volume":"22","author":"Billieux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology,"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.11.013","article-title":"Short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale adapted to Spanish and French: Towards a cross-cultural research in problematic mobile phone use","volume":"64,","author":"Lopez-Fernandez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors,"},{"key":"ref601","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine,"},{"key":"ref661","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e009089","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009089","article-title":"Association of screen time with self-perceived attention problems and hyperactivity levels in French students: A cross-sectional study","volume":"6","author":"Montagni","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open,"},{"key":"ref531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439317741087","article-title":"Proneness to boredom mediates relationships between problematic smartphone use with depression and anxiety severity","volume":"36","author":"Elhai","year":"2018b","journal-title":"Social Science Computer Review,"},{"key":"ref501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1177\/00131640021970934","article-title":"A meta-analysis of response rates in web- or Internet-based surveys","volume":"60","author":"Cook","year":"2000","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement,"},{"key":"ref581","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291704002892","article-title":"The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): A short screening scale for use in the general population","volume":"35","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine,"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000379","article-title":"Technology-mediated addictive behaviors constitute a spectrum of related yet distinct conditions: A network perspective","volume":"32","author":"Baggio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors,"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.044","article-title":"Association between childhood and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in Korean young adults with Internet addiction","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions,"},{"key":"ref411","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1177\/0018726708094863","article-title":"Survey response rate levels and trends in organizational research","volume":"61","author":"Baruch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human Relations,"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.2174\/157340012803520522","article-title":"Problematic mobile phone use: A literature review and a pathways model","volume":"8","author":"Billieux","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reviews,"},{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2016.1155607","article-title":"The role of anonymity in determining the self-reported use of cocaine and nonmedical prescription stimulant use among college students","volume":"51","author":"Zander","year":"2016","journal-title":"Substance Use and Misuse,"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164408324462","article-title":"Survey response rates and survey administration in counseling and clinical psychology: A meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"Van Horn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement,"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1289","article-title":"Does impulsivity relate to perceived dependence and actual use of the mobile phone?","volume":"21","author":"Billieux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology,"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-011-0234-z","article-title":"Associations between problematic mobile phone use and psychological parameters in young adults","volume":"57","author":"Augner","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Public Health,"},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2009.04.008","article-title":"Fifty years of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale: An update and review","volume":"47","author":"Stanford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences,"},{"key":"ref691","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x","article-title":"Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II","volume":"88","author":"Saunders","year":"1993","journal-title":"Addiction (Abingdon, England),"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990701877078","article-title":"Temperament and Character Inventory dimensions and anhedonia in detoxified substance-dependent subjects","volume":"34","author":"Martinotti","year":"2008","journal-title":"The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse,"},{"key":"ref541","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2018.08.004","article-title":"Manifesto for a European research network into problematic usage of the Internet","volume":"28","author":"Fineberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology,"},{"key":"ref731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2016.1155607","article-title":"The role of anonymity in determining the self-reported use of cocaine and nonmedical prescription stimulant use among college students","volume":"51","author":"Zander","year":"2016","journal-title":"Substance Use and Misuse,"},{"key":"ref391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000379","article-title":"Technology-mediated addictive behaviors constitute a spectrum of related yet distinct conditions: A network perspective","volume":"32","author":"Baggio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors,"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.09.015","article-title":"The relationship between problematic smartphone use and psychiatric symptoms among adolescents who applied to psychiatry clinics","volume":"270,","author":"F\u0131rat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research,"},{"key":"ref451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.2174\/157340012803520522","article-title":"Problematic mobile phone use: A literature review and a pathways model","volume":"8","author":"Billieux","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reviews,"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439317741087","article-title":"Proneness to boredom mediates relationships between problematic smartphone use with depression and anxiety severity","volume":"36","author":"Elhai","year":"2018b","journal-title":"Social Science Computer Review,"},{"key":"ref301","author":"Phillips","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diagnostic instruments for body dysmorphic disorder"},{"key":"ref441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2005.8.39","article-title":"Psychological predictors of problem mobile phone use","volume":"8","author":"Bianchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"CyberPsychology & Behavior,"},{"key":"ref651","first-page":"817","article-title":"Latent class analysis on Internet and smartphone addiction in college students","volume":"10,","author":"Mok","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment,"},{"key":"ref551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.09.015","article-title":"The relationship between problematic smartphone use and psychiatric symptoms among adolescents who applied to psychiatry clinics","volume":"270,","author":"F\u0131rat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research,"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x","article-title":"Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II","volume":"88","author":"Saunders","year":"1993","journal-title":"Addiction (Abingdon, England),"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.02.017","article-title":"Problematic Internet use as an age-related multifaceted problem: Evidence from a two-site survey","volume":"81,","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors,"},{"key":"ref591","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.044","article-title":"Association between childhood and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in Korean young adults with Internet addiction","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions,"},{"key":"ref711","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2009.04.008","article-title":"Fifty years of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale: An update and review","volume":"47","author":"Stanford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences,"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.05.018","article-title":"PTSD\u2019s relation with problematic smartphone use: Mediating role of impulsivity","volume":"75,","author":"Contractor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior,"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2009.03.001","article-title":"Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students: The role of emotional intelligence","volume":"25","author":"Beranuy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior,"},{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1177\/001872679905200401","article-title":"Response rate in academic studies \u2013 A comparative analysis","volume":"52","author":"Baruch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Human Relations,"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1177\/0018726708094863","article-title":"Survey response rate levels and trends in organizational research","volume":"61","author":"Baruch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human Relations,"},{"key":"ref671","author":"Phillips","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diagnostic instruments for body dysmorphic disorder"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1429","article-title":"The role of impulsivity in actual and problematic use of the mobile phone","volume":"22","author":"Billieux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology,"},{"key":"ref621","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.11.013","article-title":"Short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale adapted to Spanish and French: Towards a cross-cultural research in problematic mobile phone use","volume":"64,","author":"Lopez-Fernandez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors,"},{"key":"ref481","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00511","article-title":"General deficit in inhibitory control of excessive smartphone users: Evidence from an event-related potential study","volume":"7,","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology,"},{"key":"ref641","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990701877078","article-title":"Temperament and Character Inventory dimensions and anhedonia in detoxified substance-dependent subjects","volume":"34","author":"Martinotti","year":"2008","journal-title":"The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse,"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine,"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2018.08.004","article-title":"Manifesto for a European research network into problematic usage of the Internet","volume":"28","author":"Fineberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology,"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291704002892","article-title":"The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): A short screening scale for use in the general population","volume":"35","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine,"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.08.030","article-title":"Problematic smartphone use: A conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology","volume":"207,","author":"Elhai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders,"},{"key":"ref521","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-01-2017-0019","article-title":"Depression and social anxiety in relation to problematic smartphone use: The prominent role of rumination","volume":"28","author":"Elhai","year":"2018a","journal-title":"Internet Research,"},{"key":"ref681","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400876136","volume-title":"Society and the adolescent self-image","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1965"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000160","article-title":"The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study","volume":"30","author":"Andreassen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors,"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.020","article-title":"Self-reported dependence on mobile phones in young adults: A European cross-cultural empirical survey","volume":"6","author":"Lopez-Fernandez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions,"},{"key":"ref721","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164408324462","article-title":"Survey response rates and survey administration in counseling and clinical psychology: A meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"Van Horn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement,"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1177\/00131640021970934","article-title":"A meta-analysis of response rates in web- or Internet-based surveys","volume":"60","author":"Cook","year":"2000","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement,"},{"key":"ref191","volume-title":"Impulse control disorders: A clinician\u2019s guide to understanding and treating behavioral addictions","author":"Grant","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000160","article-title":"The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study","volume":"30","author":"Andreassen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors,"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00511","article-title":"General deficit in inhibitory control of excessive smartphone users: Evidence from an event-related potential study","volume":"7,","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology,"},{"key":"ref561","volume-title":"Impulse control disorders: A clinician\u2019s guide to understanding and treating behavioral addictions","author":"Grant","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_59_18","article-title":"Addiction-like behavior associated with mobile phone usage among medical students in Delhi","volume":"40","author":"Basu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine,"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e009089","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009089","article-title":"Association of screen time with self-perceived attention problems and hyperactivity levels in French students: A cross-sectional study","volume":"6","author":"Montagni","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open,"},{"key":"ref571","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.02.017","article-title":"Problematic Internet use as an age-related multifaceted problem: Evidence from a two-site survey","volume":"81,","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors,"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400876136","volume-title":"Society and the adolescent self-image","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1965"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e83558","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083558","article-title":"The Smartphone Addiction Scale: Development and validation of a short version for adolescents","volume":"8","author":"Kwon","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One,"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2005.8.39","article-title":"Psychological predictors of problem mobile phone use","volume":"8","author":"Bianchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"CyberPsychology & Behavior,"},{"key":"ref491","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.05.018","article-title":"PTSD\u2019s relation with problematic smartphone use: Mediating role of impulsivity","volume":"75,","author":"Contractor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior,"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine,"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1177\/001872679905200401","article-title":"Response rate in academic studies \u2013 A comparative analysis","volume":"52","author":"Baruch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Human Relations,"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-011-0234-z","article-title":"Associations between problematic mobile phone use and psychological parameters in young adults","volume":"57","author":"Augner","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Public Health,"},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.08.030","article-title":"Problematic smartphone use: A conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology","volume":"207,","author":"Elhai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders,"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_59_18","article-title":"Addiction-like behavior associated with mobile phone usage among medical students in Delhi","volume":"40","author":"Basu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine,"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1289","article-title":"Does impulsivity relate to perceived dependence and actual use of the mobile phone?","volume":"21","author":"Billieux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology,"},{"key":"ref631","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.020","article-title":"Self-reported dependence on mobile phones in young adults: A European cross-cultural empirical survey","volume":"6","author":"Lopez-Fernandez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions,"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-01-2017-0019","article-title":"Depression and social anxiety in relation to problematic smartphone use: The prominent role of rumination","volume":"28","author":"Elhai","year":"2018a","journal-title":"Internet Research,"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2009.03.001","article-title":"Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students: The role of emotional intelligence","volume":"25","author":"Beranuy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior,"},{"key":"ref611","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e83558","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083558","article-title":"The Smartphone Addiction Scale: Development and validation of a short version for adolescents","volume":"8","author":"Kwon","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One,"}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavioral Addictions"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.akademiai.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1556\/2006.8.2019.32","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/2\/article-p335.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/2006\/8\/2\/article-p335.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T16:03:42Z","timestamp":1632499422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/2\/article-p335.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.8.2019.32","relation":{},"ISSN":["2062-5871","2063-5303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2062-5871","type":"print"},{"value":"2063-5303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}}}