{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,28]],"date-time":"2024-07-28T23:30:03Z","timestamp":1722209403465},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Behav Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background and aims\">\n          <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Some form of gambling can be observed in nearly every society, as the gratification felt upon winning in uncertain conditions is universal. A culturally distinct form of gambling, associated with a traditional sporting event of archery known as \u201c<jats:italic>teer<\/jats:italic>,\u201d is innate to the province of Meghalaya, India. The objective of this study was to find genetic variants underlying this unique form of behavioral addiction. To better understand game-based gambling, we studied genetic variants related to dopaminergic pathways and other genes previously linked to various psychological disorders.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n          <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>This study was carried out on a sample of 196 Indo-Aryan adults from Shillong, Meghalaya. Genotyping of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) polymorphisms was carried out using real-time PCR. We further investigated 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms located in the 3\u2032 UTR of additional genes of interest using an OpenArray<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> real-time PCR platform.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n          <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Case\u2013control analysis revealed a significant association between GDNF variant rs2973033 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.00864, \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200913.132, <jats:italic>df<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092) and contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) variant rs2530311 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.0448, \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200913.132, <jats:italic>df<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092) with gambling.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec sec-type=\"discussion and conclusions\">\n          <jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Association of the GDNF gene with gambling could be attributed to its involvement in the development and survival of dopaminergic neurons. Our result is in good agreement with previous data indicating the role of GDNF in certain substance addictions. Several rare variants in the CNTNAP2 gene were also implicated in alcohol addiction in a previous study. This pilot study provides further support for the role of GDNF and CNTNAP2 in addiction behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.8.2019.40","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T08:08:30Z","timestamp":1566806910000},"page":"471-478","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of GDNF and CNTNAP2 gene variants with gambling"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Arundhuti","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"2 Department of Anthropology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India"},{"name":"3 Indian Council of Medical Research, Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Pagliaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Vereczkei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eszter","family":"Kotyuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 MTA-ELTE Lend\u00fclet Adaptation Research Group, Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Banrida","family":"Langstieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 Department of Anthropology, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zsolt","family":"Demetrovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 MTA-ELTE Lend\u00fclet Adaptation Research Group, Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Csaba","family":"Barta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1159\/000430465","article-title":"Promoter methylation and BDNF and DAT1 gene expression profiles in patients with drug 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