{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T14:34:04Z","timestamp":1675953244409},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiol Hung"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the early electrocardiogram (ECG) changes induced by physical training in preadolescent elite footballers. This study included 94 preadolescent highly trained male footballers (FG) competing in Serbian Football League (minimum of 7 training hours\/week) and 47 age-matched healthy male controls (less than 2 training hours\/week) (CG). They were screened by ECG and echocardiography at a tertiary referral cardio center. Sokolow\u2013Lyon index was used as a voltage electrocardiographic criterion for left ventricular hypertrophy diagnosis. Characteristic ECG intervals and voltage were compared and reference range was given for preadolescent footballers. Highly significant differences between FG and CG were registered in all ECG parameters: P-wave voltage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), S-wave (V1 or V2 lead) voltage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), R-wave (V5 and V6 lead) voltage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), ECG sum of S V<jats:sub>1\u20132<\/jats:sub>\u2009+\u2009R V<jats:sub>5\u20136<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), T-wave voltage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), QRS complex duration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), T-wave duration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), QTc interval duration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and R\/T ratio (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). No differences were found in PQ interval duration between these two groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). During 6-year follow-up period, there was no adverse cardiac event in these footballers. None of them expressed pathological ECG changes. Benign ECG changes are presented in the early stage of athlete\u2019s heart remodeling, but they are not related to pathological ECG changes and they should be regarded as ECG pattern of LV remodeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/2060.104.2017.1.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,31]],"date-time":"2017-03-31T10:06:42Z","timestamp":1490954802000},"page":"42-51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Correlation between ECG changes and early left ventricular remodeling in preadolescent footballers"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Zdravkovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center Bezanijska Kosa, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Milovanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center Bezanijska Kosa, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Hinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center Bezanijska Kosa, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Soldatovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Statistics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Durmic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Koracevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Cardiology, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Prijic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Child and Mother Care \u201cVukan Cupic\u201d, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Markovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center Bezanijska Kosa, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Filipovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center Bezanijska Kosa, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Lovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6 Clinic for Internal Diseases \u201cInterMedica\u201d, Nis, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.054759","article-title":"12-lead ECG in the athlete: physiological versus pathological abnormalities","volume":"43","author":"Corrado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. 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Hung."},{"key":"ref171","first-page":"225","article-title":"Update on cardiovascular screening: can we prevent sudden cardiac death in adolescent athletes?","volume":"24","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adolesc. Med. State Art Rev."},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091874","article-title":"Cardiac adaptation to exercise in adolescent athletes of African ethnicity: an emergent elite athletic population","volume":"47","author":"Sheikh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.33.5.319","article-title":"Electrocardiographic changes in 1000 highly trained junior elite athletes","volume":"33","author":"Sharma","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. 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