{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:40:02Z","timestamp":1784547602658,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PhysInt"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fatigue accumulation in the final 100\u2009m of a 400-m sprint impairs neuromuscular coordination and biomechanics, often resulting in performance decline. This study investigated how fatigue affects\u00a0lower-limb coordination, joint mechanics, and recovery patterns in competitive sprinters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 trained male Chinese 400-m sprinters (age: 29.8 \u00b1 2.7 years), allocated into control (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 15) and experimental (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 15) groups. The experimental group completed five 80-m maximal sprints with decreasing rest intervals before running a 400-m sprint; the control group performed only the 400-m sprint. Kinematic and EMG data were recorded during the final 100 m. Recovery measures\u2014Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Jump Height, Peak Force, and Peak Power\u2014were assessed at 30\u2009min, 1\u2009h, 3\u2009h, and 36\u2009h post-sprint. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA and paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fatigue significantly increased stride variability in the experimental group from 0.022\u00a0\u00b1 0.010\u2009m (Session I) to 0.035 \u00b1 0.012\u2009m (Session II, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001), while hip flexion decreased from 33.1 \u00b1 4.5\u00b0 to 26.7 \u00b1 3.9\u00b0 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0012), and CRP rose from 15.6 \u00b1 2.9\u00b0 to 24.1 \u00b1 4.2\u00b0 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002). EMG activation declined in key muscles, including Rectus Femoris (0.28 \u00b1 0.05 to 0.23 \u00b1 0.05, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0035) and Soleus (0.21 \u00b1 0.05 to 0.18 \u00b1 0.04, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0003). RPE increased from 10.9 \u00b1 2.05 to 19.5 \u00b1 1.20\u2009at 30\u2009min post-sprint (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001), with Jump Height decreasing from 49.5 \u00b1 5.02\u2009cm to 34.8 \u00b1 5.10\u2009cm (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001), Peak Force from 17.8 \u00b1 1.28 to 15.1 \u00b1 1.42\u2009N kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0012), and Peak Power from 65.7 \u00b1 6.03 to 50.4\u00a0\u00b1 4.95\u2009W kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fatigue in the final sprint phase significantly impairs joint coordination, muscle activation, and power output. These findings highlight the need for targeted fatigue-resistance training and individualized recovery protocols. A limitation is the all-male sample, which may affect generalizability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2060.2025.00588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T16:53:09Z","timestamp":1747241589000},"page":"187-209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fatigue-induced changes in muscle coordination and their impact on performance decline during the 400-meter sprint"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Kun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan University of Technology, Sports Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2322-5427","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenlie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education Department, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"B1","series-title":"Indonesian J Phys Educ Sport Sci","first-page":"254","article-title":"Effect of two descending loads in distance by two styles on some functional variables and performance in 400 meter sprint","volume":"4","author":"Al-Rashidi KMH","year":"2024","unstructured":"Al-Rashidi KMH, Al-Hayali OAJ. 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