{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T16:05:33Z","timestamp":1774627533016,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PHYSINT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To examine muscle oxygenation during running with and without blood flow restriction (BFR).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Fifteen aerobically trained males randomly completed four, three-minute running bouts at 70%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n , 80%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n , and 90%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n of their top speed with BFR and 100%\n NOBFR<\/jats:sub>\n of their top speed without BFR. Oxygenated hemoglobin (O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n Hb), deoxygenated Hb (HHb), total Hb (tHb), Hb difference (HbDiff) and muscle tissue oxygenation (StO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) were assessed continuously throughout the running bouts. Separate two-way, 4 (Intensity [70%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n , 80%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n , 90%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n , 100%\n NOBFR<\/jats:sub>\n ])\u2009\u00d7\u20093 (Time [120, 150, and 180\u2009s]), repeated-measure ANOVA models were constructed to examine O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n Hb, HHb, tHb, HbDiff, and StO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n responses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n Hb decreased (120- [65.25 \u00b1 6.58%] > 150-s [63.72 \u00b1 6.75%]), while HHb increased (120- [14.4 \u00b1 12.55%] < 150- [16.91 \u00b1 12.6%] < 180-s [18.26 \u00b1 12.87%]) (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). tHb was similar across time (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.159) and between intensities (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.454). HbDiff decreased (120- [73.56 \u00b1 6.54%] > 150- [71.66 \u00b1 6.61%] > 180-s [70.98 \u00b1 6.93%]). StO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n decreased and then plateaued (120- > 150- and 180-s) during the 70%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n (51.87 \u00b1 5.09% > 51.20 \u00b1 5.37% and 51.02 \u00b1 5.21%) (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.004), 80%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n (52.2 \u00b1 3.93% > 51.34 \u00b1 4.17% and 51.01 \u00b1 4.09%) (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.008), and 100%\n NOBFR<\/jats:sub>\n (51.69 \u00b1 4.6% > 50.84 \u00b1 4.87% and 50.62 \u00b1 4.89%) (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) bouts, while there were no differences for 90%\n BFR<\/jats:sub>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Submaximal running with BFR induced similar responses as maximal running without, despite large differences (i.e., \u226430%) in running speed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2060.2025.00711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T16:15:20Z","timestamp":1768925720000},"page":"137-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Submaximal running with blood flow restriction induces similar muscle oxygenation responses relative to maximal unrestricted running"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Sean M.","family":"Lubiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology & Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Kinesiology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher E.","family":"Proppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Human Performance Studies, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, 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