{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:58:50Z","timestamp":1792677530766,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PHYSINT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Osteoporosis is a major health concern in postmenopausal women, characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and deteriorated bone microarchitecture due to estrogen deficiency. While pharmacological therapies are widely used, exercise represents a promising non-pharmacological approach to enhancing bone health.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of exercise\u00a0interventions on BMD and bone-related biomarkers in ovariectomized (OVX) rats as a model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A comprehensive search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases for studies investigating exercise interventions in OVX rats. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 to pool mean differences in BMD and bone-related\u00a0biomarkers. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to skeletal site and exercise modality. Risk of bias was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Twenty-nine studies were included, involving treadmill running (55%), swimming (14%), resistance training (7%), jumping exercises (17%), and downhill running (7%). Across 14 studies, OVX rats demonstrated significant reductions in BMD at the vertebrae, femur, and tibia (MD: 0.03\u2009g cm\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.0001). Exercise partially reversed these deficits, yielding small but significant BMD at skeletal sites (MD: \u22120.01\u2009g cm\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.0001). Moderate-intensity treadmill and jumping\/plyometric exercise showed significant effects on BMD. Exercise decreases bone resorption biomarkers (TRACP\/TRACP5b\/TRAP, CTX-1\/\u03b2-CTX\/NTX) and balances bone formation biomarkers (OCN, ALP, P1NP), while regulating PPAR\u03b3, Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin, sirtuins, RANKL, and oxidative stress.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Exercise interventions significantly mitigate OVX-induced bone loss, improve BMD, and positively influence biomarkers of bone remodeling, supporting its role as a potential non-pharmacological strategy for managing postmenopausal osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2060.2026.00710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T15:12:16Z","timestamp":1776265936000},"page":"183-208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of exercise on bone health parameters in\u00a0ovariectomized rats: A systematic review and\u00a0meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0811-6924","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rini Maya","family":"Puspita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Special Region of Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"},{"name":"Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Special Region of Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7008-0390","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Denny","family":"Agustiningsih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Special Region of Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4360-6358","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nunuk","family":"Purwanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Special Region of Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Int J Mol Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9465","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169465","article-title":"Current status of the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis","volume":"23","author":"Aibar-Almazan A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aibar-Almazan A, Voltes-Martinez A, Castellote-Caballero Y, Afanador-Restrepo DF, Carcelen-Fraile MC, Lopez-Ruiz E. 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