{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:52:44Z","timestamp":1782917564589,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PHYSINT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to examine how horizontal resistance affects spatiotemporal kinematics and the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the biceps femoris long head (BFlh) and semitendinosus (ST) in sprinting.<\/jats:p>\n \n Eleven trained male football players (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 10) performed 40\u2009m sprints under three resistance conditions (0, 10, and 20% decrements in maximum sprint velocity, %vdec). Spatiotemporal variables were captured using a photoelectric system, while high-density surface EMG recorded regional muscle activity in BFlh and ST. Analyses were conducted at both maximum speed and matched running speed across conditions to isolate the effects of resistance and velocity. Regional EMG distribution (centroid analysis) was evaluated in a subset of participants with sufficient signal quality (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 5).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n At matched speed, spatiotemporal variables showed no differences across resistance levels, however ST EMG activity was higher at 0 %v\n dec<\/jats:sub>\n condition compare to 10 %v\n dec<\/jats:sub>\n condition during the swing phase (70.50\u201375.70%\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). At maximum speed, moderate differences were found in step length and frequency. ST EMG activity was higher at 0 %v\n dec<\/jats:sub>\n compare to 20 %v\n dec<\/jats:sub>\n during stance phase (10.22\u201318.02%\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001) and 0 %v\n dec<\/jats:sub>\n compare to 10 %v\n dec<\/jats:sub>\n during swing phase (68.50\u201371.00%\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.004). Centroid analysis revealed individual-specific shifts in the region of the highest EMG amplitude within the muscles.\n <\/jats:p>\n Moderate horizontal resistance has no or small impact on global hamstring EMG activity or sprint mechanics at matched speed but may induce individual shifts in regional EMG activity. Future studies should examine how these acute neuromuscular responses translate into long-term neuromuscular adaptations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/2060.2026.00745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T11:34:59Z","timestamp":1775648099000},"page":"311-326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of resistance on spatiotemporal variables and electromyographic activity of the hamstrings during maximal sprint acceleration"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3465-8313","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"D\u00e1niel","family":"Csala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6239-7301","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Taian Martins","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Engineering of the Neuromuscular System, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"},{"name":"PolitoBIOMed Lab\u2014Biomedical Engineering Lab and Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8379-5415","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"J\u00e1nos","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Football, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5220-5708","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"\u00d6rs","family":"Sebesty\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1615-7881","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"J\u00f3zsef","family":"Tihanyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3663-0288","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andr\u00e1s","family":"Hegyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"B1","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.665940","article-title":"Straight sprinting is the most frequent action in goal situations in professional football","volume":"30","author":"Faude O","year":"2012","unstructured":"Faude O, Koch T, Meyer T. 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