{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:56:29Z","timestamp":1792158989839,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PHYSINT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The methotrexate (MTX) is employed in the treatment of various malignancies, including breast cancer and lymphoma, as well as chronic inflammatory diseases, but high doses can cause pulmonotoxicity.\u00a0Ferulic acid (FEA) is a phenolic compound that has become a promising candidate for oxidative stress (OS) related diseases over the past few years because of its striking range of biological activities. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the protective effects of FEA against MTX-induced pulmonary toxicity via the potential mechanisms of OS, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)\/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The rats were administered FEA (50 and 100\u2009mg kg\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , p.o.) on consecutive days for a period of seven days. Meanwhile, MTX (20\u2009mg kg\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , i.p.) was administered as a single injection on the second day of\u00a0the study. At the conclusion of the treatment period, samples of lung tissue were examined in terms of histopathological findings, while the remaining tissue samples were evaluated in terms of OS, inflammation, ERS, SIRT1\/Nrf2 pathway and apoptosis for further colorimetric analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The administration of MTX suppressed the SIRT1\/Nrf2 signalling pathway, resulting in histopathological findings characterised by a dramatic increase in OS, inflammation and ERS levels in the lung tissue. However, the FEA treatments attenuated these harmful effects by modulating the SIRT1\/Nrf2 signalling pathway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Taken together, these results suggest that FEA may be protective against MTX-induced pulmonary toxicity. Nevertheless, further studies are required to elucidate the precise mechanisms of the protective effects of FEA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1556\/2060.2026.00834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:52:11Z","timestamp":1790337131000},"page":"457-472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ferulic acid abrogates methotrexate-induced pulmonary injury by reducing inflammation and\u00a0endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8913-8692","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nihal Turkmen","family":"Alemdar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1863-6280","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Selim","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8857-9234","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Esin","family":"Yulug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1191-3020","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nadire Sevdenur","family":"Erdogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7188-2176","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elif Ayazoglu","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, 61750 Trabzon, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2036-5317","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Mentese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9474-4307","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuksel","family":"Aliyazicioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"B1","series-title":"Cureus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.29518","article-title":"Overview of methotrexate toxicity: a comprehensive literature review","volume":"14","author":"Hamed KM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hamed KM, Dighriri IM, Baomar AF, Alharthy BT, Alenazi FE, Alali GH, et\u00a0al. 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