{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T13:16:28Z","timestamp":1698844588224},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]],"date-time":"2021-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622937600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>\u00d6sszefoglal\u00f3.<\/jats:bold> A divatiparra vonatkoz\u00f3 eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gv\u00e9delmi szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sok\n                    hi\u00e1nyosak. A karcs\u00fas\u00e1g el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9t c\u00e9lz\u00f3 szociokultur\u00e1lis nyom\u00e1s a divatiparon\n                    bel\u00fcl fokozott, a divatmodelleket gyakran k\u00e9sztetik k\u00f3rosan alacsony tests\u00faly\n                    el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9re, ami pszichol\u00f3giai ab\u00fazusnak felel meg. Ez\u00e9rt a modellek k\u00f6zt az\n                    ev\u00e9szavarok prevalenci\u00e1ja magasabb az \u00e1tlagpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3hoz k\u00e9pest. A divatvil\u00e1g\n                    vesz\u00e9lyei k\u00f6z\u00f6tt ezeken t\u00fal a szexu\u00e1lis ab\u00fazus, a financi\u00e1lis vissza\u00e9l\u00e9sek,\n                    illetve a fiatalkor\u00faak foglalkoztat\u00e1s\u00e1val kapcsolatos szab\u00e1lyozatlans\u00e1g\n                    eml\u00edtend\u0151. A kock\u00e1zatok cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben fontos volna nemzetk\u00f6zi\n                    szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sokat bevezetni a divatszakm\u00e1ban. Az erre ir\u00e1nyul\u00f3 kezdem\u00e9nyez\u00e9sek\n                    el\u0151sz\u00f6r 2006-ban jelentek meg Spanyolorsz\u00e1gban: a modellek foglalkoztat\u00e1s\u00e1nak\n                    felt\u00e9tele volt az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9ges t\u00e1pl\u00e1lts\u00e1gi \u00e1llapot als\u00f3 hat\u00e1r\u00e1t\u00f3l minim\u00e1lisan\n                    elmarad\u00f3 testt\u00f6megindex (18,0) el\u00e9r\u00e9se. K\u00e9s\u0151bb Franciaorsz\u00e1gban az ev\u00e9szavarok\n                    gyakoris\u00e1g\u00e1nak m\u00e9rs\u00e9kl\u00e9s\u00e9re t\u00f6rv\u00e9nybe foglalt\u00e1k a modellek k\u00f6telez\u0151 eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi\n                    vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1t, illetve az ut\u00f3lagosan m\u00f3dos\u00edtott divatfot\u00f3k megjel\u00f6l\u00e9s\u00e9t. E\n                    szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sok azonban k\u00f6nnyen kij\u00e1tszhat\u00f3k. A t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyhoz\u00e1s mellett k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151\n                    szervezetek alkottak olyan ir\u00e1nyelveket, amelyek a modellek eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gv\u00e9delm\u00e9t\n                    szolg\u00e1lt\u00e1k. Ezek az ir\u00e1nymutat\u00e1sok els\u0151sorban a biztons\u00e1gos munkav\u00e9gz\u00e9sre, a\n                    fiatalkor\u00faak foglalkoztat\u00e1s\u00e1nak korl\u00e1toz\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s az emberi m\u00e9lt\u00f3s\u00e1g megtart\u00e1s\u00e1ra\n                    ir\u00e1nyulnak. A divatszakm\u00e1ban el\u0151fordul\u00f3 fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gek vezettek tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 olyan\n                    nonprofit szervezetek megalakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, amelyek a modellek \u00e9rdekv\u00e9delm\u00e9\u00e9rt\n                    dolgoznak. A divatmodellek eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gv\u00e9delm\u00e9t c\u00e9lz\u00f3 jogi szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s a mai\n                    kult\u00far\u00e1ban domin\u00e1ns karcs\u00fas\u00e1gide\u00e1l megv\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1s\u00e1t is szolg\u00e1ln\u00e1, mert a\n                    szoci\u00e1lis tanul\u00e1s r\u00e9v\u00e9n a divatot k\u00f6vet\u0151 \u00e1tlagn\u00e9pess\u00e9g ut\u00e1nozza a modelleket. A\n                    divatmodellek eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00e9nek v\u00e9delme teh\u00e1t n\u00e9peg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi vonatkoz\u00e1ssal is b\u00edr.\n                    Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(23): 905\u2013910.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:bold>Summary.<\/jats:bold> The fashion industry is lacking sufficient health\n                    protective regulations. There is an increased sociocultural pressure to be thin.\n                    Fashion models are often forced to reach abnormally low body weight, which can\n                    be regarded as psychological abuse. This leads to a higher prevalence of eating\n                    disorders among models compared with the general population. Some of the other\n                    dangers associated with the fashion industry are sexual harassment, financial\n                    exploitation, and unregulated minor labour force. To reduce these risks, it is\n                    crucial to introduce international regulations in the fashion industry. The\n                    first initiative for such regulations took place in Spain in 2006 when the\n                    condition for models\u2019 employment was for their body mass index (BMI) not to drop\n                    below 18.0, which is close to the low end of healthy BMI. Later in France, to\n                    decrease the prevalence of eating disorders, a legislation on compulsory medical\n                    examination for models was made. Also, retouching of photos had to be disclosed.\n                    Regulations like these, however, can easily be eluded. Different organisations\n                    implemented guidelines, such as establishing safe working conditions, limiting\n                    underage labour force, and maintaining dignity to protect models\u2019 health.\n                    Tension within the fashion industry led to the formation of non-profit\n                    organisations seeking the protection of models\u2019 interest. Regulations protecting\n                    models\u2019 health in the fashion industry would encourage society to adjust its\n                    predominant ideal for thinness. Just as the general population tends to follow\n                    fashion trends portrayed by fashion models, so would they likely imitate the new\n                    look of models. Hence, the protection of models\u2019 health goes beyond the fashion\n                    industry. It has public health implications as well. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(23):\n                    905\u2013910.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2021.32135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T10:04:10Z","timestamp":1630404250000},"page":"905-910","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A divatipar eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gv\u00e9delmi szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sa"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Nikolett","family":"Bog\u00e1r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Bioextra Zrt., Budapest"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferenc","family":"T\u00fary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Magatart\u00e1studom\u00e1nyi Int\u00e9zet, Budapest"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bea","family":"P\u00e1szthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, I. Gyermekgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati Klinika, Budapest"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.044164","article-title":"Models as a high-risk group: the health implications of a size zero culture","volume":"192","author":"1 Treasure","year":"2008","unstructured":"1 Treasure JL, Wack ER, Roberts ME. Models as a high-risk group: the health implications of a size zero culture. Br J Psychiatry 2008; 192: 243-244.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"2 Bog\u00e1r N, T\u00fary F. The fashion industry and eating disorders: the dangers of the catwalk. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Cambridge, 2019."},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"3 Clements K. Former Vogue editor: the truth about size zero. The Guardian, July 5, 2013. 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