{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:46:27Z","timestamp":1791510387036,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"40","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]],"date-time":"2021-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633219200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>\u00d6sszefoglal\u00f3.<\/jats:bold> A neurol\u00f3giai betegek k\u00f6r\u00e9ben a dysphagia el\u0151fordul\u00e1sa\n                    gyakori, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb oka van. Az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vek kutat\u00e1sai a k\u00f6zvetlen neurol\u00f3giai\n                    k\u00f3rokok (bele\u00e9rtve a gyakori stroke) szerep\u00e9t is r\u00e9szletesen felt\u00e1rt\u00e1k.\n                    Felismert\u00e9k az \u00fan. n\u00e9ma aspir\u00e1ci\u00f3 jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t: ez gyakran \u00e1ll az (aspir\u00e1ci\u00f3s)\n                    pneumonia h\u00e1tter\u00e9ben, amely sokszor hal\u00e1los sz\u00f6v\u0151dm\u00e9ny lehet. Az \u00fan. poststroke\n                    pneumonia fogalma gy\u00f6keresen m\u00e1s \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9sbe helyezte a stroke-ot k\u00f6vet\u0151\n                    t\u00fcd\u0151gyullad\u00e1sok meg\u00edt\u00e9l\u00e9s\u00e9t, jellegzetess\u00e9ge alapj\u00e1n egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171en a stroke\n                    k\u00f6zvetlen cerebralis hat\u00e1sak\u00e9nt alakul ki. Egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171v\u00e9 v\u00e1lt a nyel\u00e9szavar korai\n                    felismer\u00e9s\u00e9nek \u00e9s ell\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1nak sz\u00fcks\u00e9gess\u00e9ge. A stroke-betegek megfelel\u0151\n                    t\u00e1pl\u00e1lts\u00e1gi \u00e1llapota az eredm\u00e9nyes rehabilit\u00e1ci\u00f3nak, a sz\u00f6v\u0151dm\u00e9nysz\u00e1m\n                    cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9nek, a r\u00f6videbb k\u00f3rh\u00e1zi kezel\u00e9snek, az alacsonyabb mortalit\u00e1snak a\n                    z\u00e1loga. A dysphagia a betegs\u00e9g kimenetel\u00e9nek f\u00fcggetlen el\u0151rejelz\u0151je lehet,\n                    k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen az els\u0151 h\u00e1rom h\u00f3napban. A nyel\u00e9szavar malnutriti\u00f3val, kisz\u00e1rad\u00e1ssal \u00e9s\n                    a k\u00f3rh\u00e1zi tart\u00f3zkod\u00e1s hosszabb id\u0151tartam\u00e1val j\u00e1r egy\u00fctt, emeli a\n                    gy\u00f3gyszerk\u00f6lts\u00e9geket. A stroke-beteg ell\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1nak egyik els\u0151 eleme a dysphagia\n                    sz\u0171r\u00e9se. T\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e1ster\u00e1pi\u00e1ra akkor szorul a stroke-beteg, amikor magas a k\u00f3ros\n                    t\u00e1pl\u00e1lts\u00e1gi \u00e1llapot kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1nak kock\u00e1zata, \u00e9s <jats:italic>per os<\/jats:italic>\n                    t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e1ssal nem fedezhet\u0151 biztons\u00e1gosan a megfelel\u0151 energia-, t\u00e1panyag- \u00e9s\n                    folyad\u00e9kbevitel. A t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e1ster\u00e1pia m\u00f3dj\u00e1t, eszk\u00f6zeit, az energia- \u00e9s\n                    t\u00e1panyagbeviteli c\u00e9l\u00e9rt\u00e9keket az orvos hat\u00e1rozza meg, az alapbetegs\u00e9g\n                    s\u00falyoss\u00e1g\u00e1t\u00f3l, a t\u00e1rsbetegs\u00e9gekt\u0151l \u00e9s a labor\u00e9rt\u00e9kekt\u0151l f\u00fcgg\u0151en. Az \u00e9trend\n                    minden esetben individu\u00e1lis \u00e9s progressz\u00edv, azaz alkalmazkodik a beteg\n                    \u00e1llapot\u00e1hoz \u00e9s annak v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A dietetikus feladata a megfelel\u0151 di\u00e9ta\n                    \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa mellett a beteg, a hozz\u00e1tartoz\u00f3 \u00e9s a kezel\u0151szem\u00e9lyzet oktat\u00e1sa, az\n                    \u00e1llapot k\u00f6vet\u00e9se, a beteg t\u00e1pl\u00e1lts\u00e1gi \u00e1llapot\u00e1nak, t\u00e1panyagbeviteli \u00e9rt\u00e9keinek\n                    gyakori elemz\u00e9se, sz\u00fcks\u00e9g eset\u00e9n t\u00e1pszerek aj\u00e1nl\u00e1sa. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(40):\n                    1601\u20131609.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:bold>Summary.<\/jats:bold> Among neurological patients, the incidence of dysphagia is\n                    common and has several causes. Research in recent years has explored the role of\n                    direct neurological pathogens (including frequent strokes). The frequency of\n                    \u2019silent aspiration\u2019, which often underlies (aspirational) pneumonia and can be a\n                    fatal complication, has been recently discovered. The concept of \u2019post-stroke\n                    pneumonia\u2019 has drastically changed the assessment of post-stroke pneumonia.\n                    Based on its characteristics, it clearly develops as a direct cerebral effect of\n                    stroke. The need for early detection and early care of swallowing disorder has\n                    become clear. Adequate nutritional status of stroke patients is the key to\n                    successful rehabilitation, reduction of complications, shorter hospitalization,\n                    and lower mortality. Dysphagia can be an independent predictor of disease\n                    outcome, especially in the first three months. Swallowing disorder is associated\n                    with malnutrition, dehydration and longer lengths of hospital stay, increasing\n                    drug costs. One of the first elements in the care of a stroke patient is\n                    screening for dysphagia. The stroke patient needs nutritional therapy when the\n                    risk for abnormal nutritional condition is high or if the condition is already\n                    present, or when oral nutrition does not safely cover adequate energy, nutrient\n                    and fluid intake. The method and means of nutritional therapy, the goals of\n                    energy and nutrient intake are determined by the doctor, depending on the\n                    severity of the underlying disease, comorbidities and laboratory values.The diet\n                    is individual and progressive in each case. The dietitian\u2019s task is not only to\n                    compile a proper diet, but also to educate the patients and relatives. The\n                    dietitian is responsible for monitoring the patient\u2019s nutritional status. Orv\n                    Hetil. 2021; 162(40): 1601\u20131609.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2021.32204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T01:08:18Z","timestamp":1633914498000},"page":"1601-1609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A dysphagia t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e1ster\u00e1pi\u00e1ja stroke-betegek eset\u00e9ben \u2013 2021"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Kov\u00e1cs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Semmelweis Egyetem, Eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gtudom\u00e1nyi Doktori Iskola, Budapest"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e1l Tam\u00e1s","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Semmelweis Egyetem, Eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gtudom\u00e1nyi Doktori Iskola, Budapest"},{"name":"2 \u00c9szak-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-budai Centrum, \u00daj Szent J\u00e1nos K\u00f3rh\u00e1z \u00e9s Szakrendel\u0151, Neurol\u00f3giai Oszt\u00e1ly \u2013 Stroke Centrum, Budapest"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Csaba","family":"\u00d3v\u00e1ry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Orsz\u00e1gos Klinikai \u00e9s Idegtudom\u00e1nyi Int\u00e9zet, Budapest"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 Magyar Dietetikusok Orsz\u00e1gos Sz\u00f6vets\u00e9ge, Budapest"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rta","family":"Veresn\u00e9 B\u00e1lint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 Semmelweis Egyetem, Eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gtudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Dietetikai \u00e9s T\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00e1studom\u00e1nyi Tansz\u00e9k, Budapest"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin Anna","family":"B\u00e9res-Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 \u00c9szak-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-budai Centrum, \u00daj Szent J\u00e1nos K\u00f3rh\u00e1z \u00e9s Szakrendel\u0151, Neurol\u00f3giai Oszt\u00e1ly \u2013 Stroke Centrum, Budapest"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e1s","family":"Folyovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 \u00c9szak-K\u00f6z\u00e9p-budai Centrum, \u00daj Szent J\u00e1nos K\u00f3rh\u00e1z \u00e9s Szakrendel\u0151, Neurol\u00f3giai Oszt\u00e1ly \u2013 Stroke Centrum, Budapest"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000186","article-title":"Central nervous system control of voice and swallowing","volume":"32","author":"1 Ludlow","year":"2015","unstructured":"1 Ludlow CL. 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