{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T20:28:13Z","timestamp":1785529693614,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644710400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>\u00d6sszefoglal\u00f3.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>Bevezet\u00e9s \u00e9s c\u00e9lkit\u0171z\u00e9s:<\/jats:italic> Szakirodalmi adatok a s\u00falyos lefoly\u00e1s\u00fa\n                    COVID\u201319 ter\u00e1pi\u00e1j\u00e1ban a noninvaz\u00edv megold\u00e1sok el\u0151ny\u00e9t jelezt\u00e9k a prompt invaz\u00edv\n                    megold\u00e1sokhoz k\u00e9pest. A COVID\u201319-pand\u00e9mia dr\u00e1mai helyzet\u00e9ben felmer\u00fclt a nagy\n                    \u00e1raml\u00e1s\u00fa oxig\u00e9nnel (HFO) v\u00e9gzett ter\u00e1pia alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1nak l\u00e9tjogosults\u00e1ga az\n                    intenz\u00edv ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s oszt\u00e1ly (ITO) keretein k\u00edv\u00fcl. A szerz\u0151k a s\u00falyos hypoxi\u00e1val\n                    \u00e9rkez\u0151 p\u00e1ciensek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a \u201ehigh-flow\u201d kezel\u00e9s legjobb orvosi gyakorlat\u00e1t\n                    kerest\u00e9k. <jats:italic>M\u00f3dszer:<\/jats:italic> \u00c1ttekintett\u00e9k a COVID\u201319-pand\u00e9mia els\u0151 h\u00e1rom\n                    hull\u00e1m\u00e1ban a Somogy Megyei Kaposi M\u00f3r Oktat\u00f3 K\u00f3rh\u00e1z Infektol\u00f3giai Oszt\u00e1ly\u00e1n\n                    HFO-val kezelt p\u00e1ciensek dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1t (n = 193). Nemparam\u00e9teres statisztikai\n                    m\u00f3dszerekkel elemezt\u00e9k a HFO-kezel\u00e9s el\u0151tt \u00e9s alatt m\u00e9rt\n                    oxig\u00e9nszatur\u00e1ci\u00f3-\u00e9rt\u00e9keket, a HFO-kezel\u00e9ssel t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt napok sz\u00e1m\u00e1t \u00e9s az egyes\n                    p\u00e1ciensek k\u00f3rlefoly\u00e1s\u00e1nak kimenetel\u00e9t: a hazabocs\u00e1t\u00e1st, az ITO-ra \u00e1thelyez\u00e9st\n                    vagy a hal\u00e1loz\u00e1st mint h\u00e1rom lehets\u00e9ges v\u00e9gpontot megjel\u00f6lve. K\u00fcl\u00f6n \u00e9rt\u00e9kelt\u00e9k a\n                    harmadik hull\u00e1m id\u0151szak\u00e1t (a standard ter\u00e1pia ekkorra kialakult).\n                        <jats:italic>Eredm\u00e9nyek:<\/jats:italic> A j\u00e1rv\u00e1ny el\u0151rehaladt\u00e1val a MET- (Medical\n                    Emergency Team) rendszer ig\u00e9nybev\u00e9tele 811%-ra emelkedett, a HFO-k\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9kek\n                    sz\u00e1ma 567%-kal n\u0151tt. A COVID\u201319-protokoll szerinti kezel\u00e9s mellett HFO-ter\u00e1pi\u00e1ra\n                    szorul\u00f3 p\u00e1ciensek 18,7%-a invaz\u00edv megold\u00e1st elker\u00fclve, gy\u00f3gyultan t\u00e1vozhatott,\n                    optim\u00e1lis terhel\u00e9s \u00e9s szakmai tapasztalat mellett ez az ar\u00e1ny el\u00e9rte a 36%-ot\n                    is. A hazabocs\u00e1that\u00f3 p\u00e1ciensek csoportj\u00e1ban a kezdeti szatur\u00e1ci\u00f3k medi\u00e1n \u00e9rt\u00e9ke\n                    78%, a teljes HFO-kezel\u00e9s ideje 8,5 nap volt. A p\u00e1ciensek 1%-\u00e1ban\n                    pneumothoraxot, pneumomediastinumot \u00e9szleltek. A v\u00e9g\u00fcl k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl\n                    hazabocs\u00e1that\u00f3, illetve ITO-ra ker\u00fclt p\u00e1ciensek kezdeti\n                    oxig\u00e9nszatur\u00e1ci\u00f3-\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9nek k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9ge nem bizonyult szignifik\u00e1nsnak.\n                        <jats:italic>K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s:<\/jats:italic> A jelen k\u00f6zlem\u00e9ny is al\u00e1t\u00e1masztja, hogy a\n                    kezdeti alacsony szatur\u00e1ci\u00f3\u00e9rt\u00e9k \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban nem jelenti az invaz\u00edv beavatkoz\u00e1s\n                    l\u00e9tjogosults\u00e1g\u00e1t ebben a k\u00f3rk\u00e9pben. \u201eHigh-flow\u201d kezel\u00e9seket az intenz\u00edves\n                    kezel\u00e9s el\u0151szob\u00e1jak\u00e9nt nem intenz\u00edves szakemberek is v\u00e9gezhetnek\n                    COVID\u201319-betegekben, rendszeres intenz\u00edves konzult\u00e1ci\u00f3 mellett, hogy a\n                    HFO-kezel\u00e9s melletti rosszabbod\u00e1s min\u00e9l ink\u00e1bb felfedezhet\u0151 legyen. Orv Hetil.\n                    2022; 163(7): 254\u2013266.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:bold>Summary.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>Introduction and objectives:<\/jats:italic> Previous studies have shown the\n                    advantage of non-invasive over prompt invasive approaches in the treatment of\n                    patients with severe COVID-19. The dramatic situation of the pandemic raised the\n                    legitimacy of using high-flow oxygen therapy (HFO) outside the intensive care\n                    unit (ICU). The authors investigated ways of its best practice.\n                        <jats:italic>Method:<\/jats:italic> They retrospectively analysed documentation of\n                    patients receiving HFO in the first three waves of the pandemic on the\n                    Infectious Diseases\u2019 Ward (n = 193), to record oxygen saturation levels before\n                    and during HFO, number of treatment days. Discharge at home, transfer to\n                    intensive care unit and death were chosen as the three possible endpoints. The\n                    period of the third wave (standard therapy established) was analysed separately.\n                        <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> As the pandemic progressed, the usage of MET\n                    (Medical Emergency Team) grew to 811%, the number of HFO devices grew by 567%.\n                    With concomitant standard COVID-19 therapy, 18.7% of the patients requiring HFO\n                    could be discharged home, avoiding invasive solutions. With optimal workload and\n                    experience, this ratio reached 36%. Among patients later discharged home, the\n                    median oxygen saturation before HFO was 78%, the total time with HFO was 8,5\n                    days. The occurrence of pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum was 1%. The difference\n                    in oxygen saturation before HFO between the patients later discharged home and\n                    those transferred to ICU was not significant. <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> The\n                    results support the assumption that low oxygen saturation at admission does not\n                    inevitably require invasive intervention in COVID-19 patients, high-flow oxygen\n                    therapy can also be performed by non-ICU professionals as ante-room to the ICU,\n                    under regular supervision by ICU experts, so that the deterioriation of the\n                    patients\u2019 condition is discovered appropriately. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(7):\n                    254\u2013266.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2022.32461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T18:32:08Z","timestamp":1668796328000},"page":"254-266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Nagy \u00e1raml\u00e1s\u00fa oxig\u00e9nnel v\u00e9gzett ter\u00e1pia az intenz\u00edv oszt\u00e1ly keretein k\u00edv\u00fcl alkalmazva: lehet\u0151s\u00e9g a g\u00e9pi l\u00e9legeztet\u00e9s k\u00e9sleltet\u00e9s\u00e9re vagy elker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9re COVID\u201319-ben"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e1s","family":"B\u00e9res","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Somogy Megyei Kaposi M\u00f3r Oktat\u00f3 K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, b\u0151v\u00edtett Infektol\u00f3giai Oszt\u00e1ly Kaposv\u00e1r, Talli\u00e1n Gy. u. 20\u201332., 7400 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Orb\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Somogy Megyei Kaposi M\u00f3r Oktat\u00f3 K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, b\u0151v\u00edtett Infektol\u00f3giai Oszt\u00e1ly Kaposv\u00e1r, Talli\u00e1n Gy. u. 20\u201332., 7400 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsolt","family":"Szinku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Somogy Megyei Kaposi M\u00f3r Oktat\u00f3 K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, b\u0151v\u00edtett Infektol\u00f3giai Oszt\u00e1ly Kaposv\u00e1r, Talli\u00e1n Gy. u. 20\u201332., 7400 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy","family":"K\u00f6v\u00e9r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magyar Agr\u00e1r- \u00e9s \u00c9lettudom\u00e1nyi Egyetem, Kaposv\u00e1ri Campus Kaposv\u00e1r Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisztina","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Somogy Megyei Kaposi M\u00f3r Oktat\u00f3 K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Aneszteziol\u00f3giai \u00e9s Intenz\u00edv Ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s Oszt\u00e1ly Kaposv\u00e1r Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erzs\u00e9bet","family":"Papp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Somogy Megyei Kaposi M\u00f3r Oktat\u00f3 K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, b\u0151v\u00edtett Infektol\u00f3giai Oszt\u00e1ly Kaposv\u00e1r, Talli\u00e1n Gy. u. 20\u201332., 7400 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e1nos","family":"Fogas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Somogy Megyei Kaposi M\u00f3r Oktat\u00f3 K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Aneszteziol\u00f3giai \u00e9s Intenz\u00edv Ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s Oszt\u00e1ly Kaposv\u00e1r Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"1 Fogas J, Koroseczn\u00e9 Pavlin R, Szab\u00f3 K, et al. 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