{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T01:56:26Z","timestamp":1785462986559,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,24]],"date-time":"2024-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711238400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ny\u00e1ltermel\u00e9s\u00fcnk folyamatos, a sz\u00e1j\u00fcregben \u00f6sszegy\u0171lt ny\u00e1lat rendszeresen nyelj\u00fck.\n                    A p\u00e1ciens v\u00e1lad\u00e9kkezel\u00e9si k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge ez\u00e9rt nyilv\u00e1nval\u00f3 v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3nak t\u0171nik a nyel\u00e9si\n                    zavar meg\u00edt\u00e9l\u00e9s\u00e9ben. Ennek ellen\u00e9re m\u00e9g a valid\u00e1lt, beteg\u00e1gy melletti\n                    felm\u00e9r\u00e9sekben is k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 form\u00e1ban \u00e9s hangs\u00fallyal jelenik meg. Irodalmi\n                    \u00e1ttekint\u00e9s\u00fcnkben ezt a jelens\u00e9get, amelyet a szakirodalom ny\u00e1lnyel\u00e9sk\u00e9nt vagy\n                    sz\u00e1raz nyel\u00e9sk\u00e9nt ismer, a \u2019state-of-the-art\u2019 t\u00edpus\u00fa irodalmi \u00e1ttekint\u00e9s\n                    m\u00f3dszertan\u00e1val vizsg\u00e1ltuk. Azokra a k\u00e9rd\u00e9sekre kerest\u00fck a v\u00e1laszt, hogy hogyan\n                    \u00edrhat\u00f3 le a sz\u00e1raz nyel\u00e9s \u00e9lettana, van-e olyan neuroanat\u00f3miai jellegzetess\u00e9ge,\n                    amely megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6zteti a t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si c\u00e9l\u00fa nyel\u00e9st\u0151l. Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 milyen valid\u00e1lt\n                    sz\u00e1raznyel\u00e9s-vizsg\u00e1latok vannak a dysphagia\/aspiratio sz\u0171r\u00e9s\u00e9ben, amelyeket a\n                    hazai gyakorlatban is biztons\u00e1ggal alkalmazhatunk? Vannak-e kifejezetten\n                    sz\u00e1raznyel\u00e9s-vizsg\u00e1lati protokollok, l\u00e9tezik-e egys\u00e9ges gyakorlat? Dolgozatunk\n                    eredm\u00e9nyek\u00e9nt olyan alapelveket fogalmaztunk meg, amelyek t\u00f6bb betegcsoportra is\n                    \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos\u00edthat\u00f3k, k\u00f6zvetlen gyakorlati haszn\u00e1t vehetik a feln\u0151tt betegpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3\n                    nyel\u00e9szavar-ell\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1t v\u00e9gz\u0151 szakemberek, \u00e9s \u00faj kutat\u00e1si ter\u00fcleteket is\n                    k\u00edn\u00e1lhatnak. A betegvizsg\u00e1lat sor\u00e1n figyelembe kell venni a spont\u00e1n nyel\u00e9si\n                    gyakoris\u00e1got. Spont\u00e1n nyel\u00e9si esem\u00e9ny hi\u00e1ny\u00e1ban stimul\u00e1ci\u00f3val kell megk\u00eds\u00e9relni\n                    a ny\u00e1lnyel\u00e9s kiv\u00e1lt\u00e1s\u00e1t, majd csak ezt k\u00f6vet\u0151en t\u00f6rt\u00e9njen a felsz\u00f3l\u00edt\u00e1sra\n                    v\u00e9grehajtott sz\u00e1raznyel\u00e9s-teszt. Csak a ny\u00e1lnyel\u00e9s megfigyel\u00e9s\u00e9t k\u00f6vet\u0151en\n                    t\u00f6rt\u00e9njen nyel\u00e9svizsg\u00e1lat k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 konzisztenci\u00e1kkal. A ny\u00e1lnyel\u00e9si\n                    eredm\u00e9nyeket mindig tov\u00e1bbi, nyel\u00e9szavarra utal\u00f3 v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3kkal egy\u00fctt javasolt\n                    \u00e9rtelmezni. 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