{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T12:00:44Z","timestamp":1790596844267,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Akademiai Kiado Zrt.","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745712000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VancoPK.com"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.akjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]]},"abstract":"\n A multirezisztens \u00e9s kiterjedt rezisztenci\u00e1val rendelkez\u0151 k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3k okozta\n fert\u0151z\u00e9sek jelent\u0151s terhet r\u00f3nak az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi ell\u00e1t\u00f3rendszerre. A hat\u00e9kony\n kezel\u00e9st rugalmasan biztos\u00edt\u00f3, infekci\u00f3 elleni ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s protokollok bevezet\u00e9se,\n a rezisztens k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3t\u00f6rzsek evol\u00faci\u00f3j\u00e1nak megel\u0151z\u00e9se \u00e9s visszaszor\u00edt\u00e1sa kiemelt\n feladat. Az antibiotikumkezel\u00e9s individualiz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t seg\u00edt\u0151 ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s\n gy\u00f3gyszerszint-monitoroz\u00e1s (TDM) ebben meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3 szerepet kap. A vankomicint a\n fekv\u0151betegoszt\u00e1lyokon vil\u00e1gszerte alkalmazz\u00e1k felt\u00e9telezett vagy dokument\u00e1lt\n Gram-pozit\u00edv k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3k \u00e1ltal okozott fert\u0151z\u00e9s eset\u00e9n. A jelenleg \u00e1ltal\u00e1nosan\n elfogadott, meticillinrezisztens\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n (MRSA)\n okozta s\u00falyos fert\u0151z\u00e9sek vankomicinnel t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re vonatkoz\u00f3\n konszenzusaj\u00e1nl\u00e1s r\u00e9szletesen mutatja be a gy\u00f3gyszer klinikai, TDM melletti\n alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1nak szempontjait k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 (kritikus \u00e1llapot\u00fa, elh\u00edzott \u00e9s vesep\u00f3tl\u00f3\n kezel\u00e9sben r\u00e9szes\u00fcl\u0151) betegpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3kra vonatkoz\u00f3an. Az aj\u00e1nl\u00e1sban foglaltak\n alapj\u00e1n, az el\u00e9rhet\u0151 TDM-optimaliz\u00e1l\u00f3 kalkul\u00e1tor szoftverek haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val a\n ter\u00e1pia m\u00e1r a kezel\u00e9s legkritikusabb, korai szakasz\u00e1ban is farmakokinetikai\n modellez\u00e9s mellett, egy\u00e9nre szabottan v\u00e9gezhet\u0151. Munk\u00e1nkban a\n konszenzusaj\u00e1nl\u00e1sban megfogalmazott \u00e9rveket \u00e9s ir\u00e1nyelveket foglaljuk \u00f6ssze, s\n azokat a konszenzus megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9t k\u00f6vet\u0151en szerzett tudom\u00e1nyos ismeretekbe\n integr\u00e1ljuk. C\u00e9lunk az egys\u00e9ges hazai gyakorlat megteremt\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben a\n vankomicin-TDM klinikai \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s\u00e9nek seg\u00edt\u00e9se, az individualiz\u00e1lt\n vankomicinter\u00e1pia t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(17): 638\u2013651.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2025.33279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T04:54:20Z","timestamp":1746420860000},"page":"638-651","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/policypage.crossmark.crossref.2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Feln\u0151tt betegek farmakokinetikai-farmakodinamikai c\u00e9l\u00e9rt\u00e9kek seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel vez\u00e9relt intrav\u00e9n\u00e1s kezel\u00e9se vankomicinnel"],"prefix":"10.1556","volume":"166","author":[{"given":"Lili","family":"Holub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gottsegen Gy\u00f6rgy Orsz\u00e1gos Kardiovaszkul\u00e1ris Int\u00e9zet Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gell\u00e9rt Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Karvaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Laborat\u00f3riumi Medicina Int\u00e9zet Budapest, Nagyv\u00e1rad t\u00e9r 4., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u0151rinc","family":"Z\u00e1vorszky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gottsegen Gy\u00f6rgy Orsz\u00e1gos Kardiovaszkul\u00e1ris Int\u00e9zet Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"\u00c9szak-pesti Centrumk\u00f3rh\u00e1z \u2013 Honv\u00e9dk\u00f3rh\u00e1z, K\u00f6zponti Aneszteziol\u00f3giai \u00e9s Intenz\u00edv Ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s Oszt\u00e1ly Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Krist\u00f3f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Laborat\u00f3riumi Medicina Int\u00e9zet Budapest, Nagyv\u00e1rad t\u00e9r 4., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1kos","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemzeti N\u00e9peg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi \u00e9s Gy\u00f3gyszer\u00e9szeti K\u00f6zpont Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemzeti N\u00e9peg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi \u00e9s Gy\u00f3gyszer\u00e9szeti K\u00f6zpont Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogl\u00e1rka","family":"Lov\u00e1sz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Laborat\u00f3riumi Medicina Int\u00e9zet Budapest, Nagyv\u00e1rad t\u00e9r 4., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Csaba","family":"Kassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9l-pesti Centrumk\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Orsz\u00e1gos Hematol\u00f3giai \u00e9s Infektol\u00f3giai Int\u00e9zet Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Belgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati \u00e9s Hematol\u00f3giai Klinika, Infektol\u00f3giai Tansz\u00e9ki Csoport Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barna","family":"V\u00e1s\u00e1rhelyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Laborat\u00f3riumi Medicina Int\u00e9zet Budapest, Nagyv\u00e1rad t\u00e9r 4., 1089 Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Botond","family":"Lakatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gottsegen Gy\u00f6rgy Orsz\u00e1gos Kardiovaszkul\u00e1ris Int\u00e9zet Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"D\u00e9l-pesti Centrumk\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Orsz\u00e1gos Hematol\u00f3giai \u00e9s Infektol\u00f3giai Int\u00e9zet Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Belgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati \u00e9s Hematol\u00f3giai Klinika, Infektol\u00f3giai Tansz\u00e9ki Csoport Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1lint","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gottsegen Gy\u00f6rgy Orsz\u00e1gos Kardiovaszkul\u00e1ris Int\u00e9zet Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"D\u00e9l-pesti Centrumk\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Orsz\u00e1gos Hematol\u00f3giai \u00e9s Infektol\u00f3giai Int\u00e9zet Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"},{"name":"Semmelweis Egyetem, \u00c1ltal\u00e1nos Orvostudom\u00e1nyi Kar, Belgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati \u00e9s Hematol\u00f3giai Klinika, Infektol\u00f3giai Tansz\u00e9ki Csoport Budapest Magyarorsz\u00e1g"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"425","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levine DP. Vancomycin: a history. Clin Infect Dis. 2006; 42(Suppl\n 1): S5\u2013S12.","DOI":"10.1086\/491709"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szab\u00f3 R. Prevalence and predisposing factors of\n methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in long-term care\n facilities. An international view. [A methicillin-rezisztens\n Staphylococcus aureus gyakoris\u00e1ga \u00e9s kock\u00e1zati t\u00e9nyez\u0151i a\n bentlak\u00e1sos szoci\u00e1lis int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyekben. Nemzetk\u00f6zi kitekint\u00e9s.] Orv Hetil. 2016;\n 157: 1071\u20131078. [Hungarian]","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2016.30427"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maihoub S, Krasznai M, Moln\u00e1r A. A comparison of locally acting\n antiseptics, increasingly recommended as an alternative to antibiotics. [Az\n antibiotikumok alternat\u00edv\u00e1jak\u00e9nt egyre gyakrabban aj\u00e1nlott, helyileg\n alkalmazhat\u00f3 antiszeptikumok \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sa.] Orv Hetil. 2024; 165: 1621\u20131627.\n [Hungarian]","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2024.33125"},{"key":"R4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance. Available from:\n https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/antimicrobial-resistance\n [accessed: February 15, 2025]."},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rybak MJ, Le J, Lodise TP, et al. Therapeutic monitoring of\n vancomycin for serious methicillin resistant Staphylococcus\n aureus infections: a revised consensus guideline and review by the\n American Society of Health-system Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society\n of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the Society of\n Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Clin Infect Dis. 2020; 71:\n 1361\u20131364.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa303"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bence A, D\u00e9nes M, Ferenci T, et al. Epidemiology and temporal trends\n of infective endocarditis between 2006 and 2018 at a tertiary referral center.\n [Az infekt\u00edv endocarditis epidemiol\u00f3gi\u00e1ja \u00e9s id\u0151beli v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sa 2006 \u00e9s 2018\n k\u00f6z\u00f6tt egy tercier centrumban.] Orv Hetil. 2024; 165: 1500\u20131508.\n [Hungarian]","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2024.33115"},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy. Drug database.\n [Orsz\u00e1gos Gy\u00f3gyszer\u00e9szeti \u00e9s \u00c9lelmez\u00e9s-eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi Int\u00e9zet.\n Gy\u00f3gyszeradatb\u00e1zis.] ah_0000014908_20210309112610.doc. Available from:\n https:\/\/ogyei.gov.hu\/gyogyszeradatbazis [accessed: December 1,\n 2024]. [Hungarian]"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nachiappa Ganesh R, Edwards A, El Zaatari ZE, et al. Vancomycin\n nephrotoxicity: a comprehensive clinico-pathological study. PLoS ONE 2024; 19:\n e0295136.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0295136"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lameire NH, Levin A, Kellum JA, et al. Harmonizing acute and chronic\n kidney disease definition and classification: report of a kidney disease:\n Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney Int. 2021; 100:\n 516\u2013526.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.06.028"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Finch NA, Zasowski EJ, Murray KP, et al. A quasi-experiment to study\n the impact of vancomycin area under the concentration-time curve-guided dosing\n on vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017; 61:\n e01293-17.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01293-17"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neely MN, Kato L, Youn G, et al. Prospective trial on the use of\n trough concentration versus area under the curve to determine therapeutic\n vancomycin dosing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018; 62:\n e02042-17.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02042-17"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burgess LD, Drew RH. Comparison of the incidence of\n vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity in hospitalized patients with and without\n concomitant piperacillin-tazobactam. Pharmacotherapy 2014; 34:\n 670\u2013676.","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1442"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karino S, Kaye KS, Navalkele B, et al. Epidemiology of acute kidney\n injury among patients receiving concomitant vancomycin and\n piperacillin-tazobactam: opportunities for antimicrobial stewardship. Antimicrob\n Agents Chemother. 2016; 60: 3743\u20133750.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03011-15"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miano TA, Hennessy S, Yang W, et al. Association of vancomycin plus\n piperacillin\u2013tazobactam with early changes in creatinine versus cystatin C in\n critically ill adults: a prospective cohort study. Intensive Care Med. 2022; 48:\n 1144\u20131155.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-022-06811-0"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen S, Wang C, Duan Y, et al. OAT1 and OAT3 also mediate the\n drug-drug interaction between piperacillin and tazobactam. Int J Pharm. 2018;\n 537: 172\u2013182.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.12.037"},{"key":"R16","unstructured":"Martel TJ, Jamil RT, King KC. Vancomycin flushing syndrome. In:\n StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL, 2025. Available from:\n https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK482506\/ [accessed: December\n 1, 2024]."},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shrivastava S, Shrivastava S. Vancomycin flushing syndrome: a case\n report. Cureus 2024; 16: e58487.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.58487"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Traber TG, Levine DP. Vancomycin ototoxicity in patient with normal\n renal function. Ann Intern Med. 1981; 95: 458\u2013460.","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-95-4-458"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Delgado V, Ajmone Marsan N, de Waha S, et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines\n for the management of endocarditis: developed by the task force on the\n management of endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed\n by the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) and the European\n Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 2023; 44: 3948\u20134042.\n Erratum: Eur Heart J. 2023 44: 4780. Erratum: Eur Heart J. 2024; 45: 56.\n Erratum: Eur Heart J. 2025 46: 1082.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad625"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Ettekoven CN, van de Beek D, Brouwer MC. Update on\n community-acquired bacterial meningitis: guidance and challenges. Clin Microbiol\n Infect. 2017; 23: 601\u2013606.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.04.019"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tunkel AR, Hasbun R, Bhimraj A, et al. 2017 Infectious Diseases\n Society of America\u2019s clinical practice guidelines for healthcare-associated\n ventriculitis and meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2017; 64:\n e34\u2013e65.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw861"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beach JE, Perrott J, Turgeon RD, et al. Penetration of vancomycin\n into the cerebrospinal fluid: a systematic review. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2017; 56:\n 1479\u20131490.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-017-0548-y"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tafelski S, Nachtigall I, Troeger U, et al. Observational clinical\n study on the effects of different dosing regimens on vancomycin target levels in\n critically ill patients: Continuous versus intermittent application. J Infect\n Public Health 2015; 8: 355\u2013363.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2015.01.011"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ingram PR, Lye DC, Fisher DA, et al. Nephrotoxicity of continuous\n versus intermittent infusion of vancomycin in outpatient parenteral\n antimicrobial therapy. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009; 34:\n 570\u2013574.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2009.07.011"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flannery AH, Bissell BD, Bastin MT, et al. Continuous versus\n intermittent infusion of vancomycin and the risk of acute kidney injury in\n critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med.\n 2020; 48: 912\u2013918.","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004326"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maluangnon C, Tongyoo S, Permpikul C. Continuous vancomycin infusion\n versus intermittent infusion in critically ill patients. Infect Drug Resist.\n 2022; 15: 7751\u20137760.","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S395385"},{"key":"R27","unstructured":"NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in\n underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663\n population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and\n adults. Lancet 2024; 403: 1027\u20131050."},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bauer LA, Black DJ, Lill JS. Vancomycin dosing in morbidly obese\n patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1998; 54: 621\u2013625.","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280050524"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong J, Krop LC, Johns T, et al. Individualized vancomycin dosing in\n obese patients: a two-sample measurement approach improves target attainment.\n Pharmacotherapy 2015; 35: 455\u2013463.","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1588"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi YC, Saw S, Soliman D, et al. Intravenous vancomycin associated\n with the development of nephrotoxicity in patients with class III obesity. Ann\n Pharmacother. 2017; 51: 937\u2013944.","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028017720946"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matzke GR, Aronoff GR, Atkinson AJ Jr, et al. Drug dosing\n consideration in patients with acute and chronic kidney disease \u2013 a clinical\n update from kidney disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney Int. 2011;\n 80: 1122\u20131137.","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.322"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wong S, Reuter SE, Jones GR, et al. Review and evaluation of\n vancomycin dosing guidelines for obese individuals. Expert Opin Drug Metab\n Toxicol. 2022; 18: 323\u2013335.","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2022.2098106"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bugge JF. Influence of renal replacement therapy on pharmacokinetics\n in critically ill patients. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2004; 18:\n 175\u2013187.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2003.09.002"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cimino C, Burnett Y, Yvas N, et al. Post-dialysis parenteral\n antimicrobial therapy in patients receiving intermittent high-flux hemodialysis.\n Drugs 2021; 81: 555\u2013574.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01469-2"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nyman HA, Agarwal A, Senekjian HO, et al. Removal of vancomycin\n administered during dialysis by a high-flux dialyzer. Hemodial Int. 2018; 22:\n 383\u2013387.","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12637"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khwaja A. KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney\n injury. Nephron Clin Pract. 2012; 120: c179\u2013c184.","DOI":"10.1159\/000339789"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Covajes C, Scolletta S, Penaccini L, et al. Continuous infusion of\n vancomycin in septic patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy.\n Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013; 41: 261\u2013266.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.10.018"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frazee EN, Kuper PJ, Schramm GE, et al. Effect of continuous\n venovenous hemofiltration dose on achievement of adequate vancomycin trough\n concentrations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012; 56:\n 6181\u20136185.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00459-12"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu Y, Jiang L, Lou R, et al. Vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring\n in patients on continuous renal replacement therapy: a retrospective study. J\n Int Med Res. 2022; 50: 3000605221126871.","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221126871"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charoensareerat T, Chaijamorn W, Boonpeng A, et al. Optimal\n vancomycin dosing regimens for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury\n during continuous renal replacement therapy: a Monte Carlo simulation study. J\n Crit Care 2019; 54: 77\u201382.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2019.07.008"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srour N, Lopez C, Succar L, et al. Vancomycin dosing in\n high-intensity continuous renal replacement therapy: a retrospective cohort\n study. Pharmacotherapy 2023; 43: 1015\u20131023.","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2852"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holub L, Szab\u00f3 BG, Z\u00e1vorszky L, et al. Pharmacokinetic and\n pharmacodynamic considerations of antibiotic therapy among critically ill adult\n patients with sepsis. [Kritikus \u00e1llapot\u00fa, szeptikus feln\u0151tt betegek\n antibiotikumkezel\u00e9s\u00e9nek farmakokinetikai \u00e9s farmakodinamikai megfontol\u00e1sai.] Orv\n Hetil. 2024; 165: 403\u2013415. [Hungarian]","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2024.33001"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberts JA, Taccone FS, Udy AA, et al. Vancomycin dosing in\n critically ill patients: robust methods for improved continuous-infusion\n regimens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011; 55: 2704\u20132709.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01708-10"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He J, Yang Z-T, Qian X, et al. A higher dose of vancomycin is needed\n in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance. Transl Androl Urol.\n 2020; 9: 2166\u20132171.","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-20-1048"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lodise TP, Drusano GL, Zasowski E, et al. Vancomycin exposure in\n patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus\n bloodstream infections: how much is enough? Clin Infect Dis. 2014; 59:\n 666\u2013675.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu398"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown J, Brown K, Forrest A. Vancomycin AUC24\/MIC ratio in patients\n with complicated bacteremia and infective endocarditis due to\n methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its association\n with attributable mortality during hospitalization. Antimicrob Agents Chemother.\n 2012; 56: 634\u2013638.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05609-11"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kullar R, Davis SL, Levine DP, et al. Impact of vancomycin exposure\n on outcomes in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus\n aureus bacteremia: support for consensus guidelines suggested\n targets. Clin Infect Dis. 2011; 52: 975\u2013981.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir124"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aljefri DM, Avedissian SN, Rhodes NJ, et al. Vancomycin area under\n the curve and acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2019; 69:\n 1881\u20131887.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz051"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tochikura N, Matsumoto C, Iwabuchi S, et al.\n Pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic analysis of vancomycin in patients with\n Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia: a retrospective cohort\n study. Eur J Hosp Pharm. 2024; 31: 440\u2013446.","DOI":"10.1136\/ejhpharm-2022-003672"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Komatsu T, Naito A, Akamada Y, et al. Association between ratio of\n area under the concentration-time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration of\n vancomycin and clinical outcomes in Enterococcus faecium\n bacteremia. J Infect Chemother. 2023; 29: 1181\u20131184.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2023.07.010"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niinuma Y, Kagami K, Sugawara M, et al. The crucial relationship\n between vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration and therapeutic efficacy\n against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Chemother.\n 2024; 1\u20138. Available from:\n https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1120009X.2024.2394326","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009X.2024.2394326"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szab\u00f3 M, Boz\u00f3 A, So\u00f3s S, et al. Outbreak of vancomycin-resistant\n enterococci in a surgical intensive care unit. [Vancomycinrezisztens\n Enterococcusok megjelen\u00e9se seb\u00e9szeti intenz\u00edv oszt\u00e1lyon.] Orv Hetil. 2015; 156:\n 779\u2013784. [Hungarian]","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2015.30135"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horv\u00e1th A, Dobay O, Sahin-T\u00f3th J, et al. Characterisation of\n antibiotic resistance, virulence, clonality and mortality in MRSA and MSSA\n bloodstream infections at a tertiary-level hospital in Hungary: a 6-year\n retrospective study. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2020; 19:\n 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-020-00357-z"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diaz R, Afreixo V, Ramalheira E, et al. Evaluation of vancomycin MIC\n creep in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections\n \u2013 a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018; 24:\n 97\u2013104.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.06.017"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mouton JW, Muller AE, Canton R, et al. MIC-based dose adjustment:\n facts and fables. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018; 73: 564\u2013568.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx427"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsu DI, Hidayat LK, Quist R, et al. Comparison of method-specific\n vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration values and their predictability for\n treatment outcome of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus\n (MRSA) infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2008; 32: 378\u2013385.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.05.007"},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rybak MJ, Vidaillac C, Sader HS, et al. Evaluation of vancomycin\n susceptibility testing for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus\n aureus: comparison of Etest and three automated testing methods. J\n Clin Microbiol. 2013; 51: 2077\u20132081.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00448-13"},{"key":"R58","unstructured":"European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Clinical\n breakpoints \u2013 breakpoints and guidance. Available from:\n https:\/\/www.eucast.org\/clinical_breakpoints [accessed: 30\n December 2024]."},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rybak M, Lomaestro B, Rotschafer JC, et al. Therapeutic monitoring\n of vancomycin in adult patients: a consensus review of the American Society of\n Health-System Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, and the\n Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2009; 66:\n 82\u201398. Erratum: Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009; 66: 887.","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp080434"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neely MN, Youn G, Jones B, et al. Are vancomycin trough\n concentrations adequate for optimal dosing? Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014;\n 58: 309\u2013316.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01653-13"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oommen T, Thommandram A, Palanica A, et al. A free open-source\n Bayesian vancomycin dosing app for adults: design and evaluation study. JMIR\n Form Res. 2022; 6: e30577.","DOI":"10.2196\/30577"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reuter SE, Stocker SL, Alffenaar JC, et al. Optimal practice for\n vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring: position statement from the\n Anti-infectives Committee of the International Association of Therapeutic Drug\n Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology. Ther Drug Monit. 2022; 44:\n 121\u2013132.","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000944"},{"key":"R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butterfield JM, Patel N, Pai MP, et al. Refining vancomycin protein\n binding estimates: identification of clinical factors that influence protein\n binding. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011; 55: 4277\u20134282.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01674-10"},{"key":"R64","unstructured":"Garrelts JC, Godley PJ, Horton MW, et al. Accuracy of Bayesian,\n Sawchuk-Zaske, and nomogram dosing methods for vancomycin. Clin Pharm. 1987; 6:\n 795\u2013799."},{"key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goutelle S, Woillard JB, Buclin T, et al. Parametric and\n nonparametric methods in population pharmacokinetics: experts\u2019 discussion on\n use, strengths, and limitations. J Clin Pharmacol. 2022; 62:\n 158\u2013170.","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1993"},{"key":"R66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jelliffe R, Schumitzky A, Bayard D, et al. Chapter 7 \u2013 Monitoring\n the patient: four different Bayesian methods to make individual patient drug\n models. In: Jelliffe RW, Neely M. (eds.) Individualized drug therapy for\n patients. Basic foundations, relevant software, and clinical applications.\n Academic Press, Boston, MA, 2017; pp. 77\u201390.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-803348-7.00007-1"},{"key":"R67","unstructured":"University of California San Francisco. The Infectious Diseases\n Management Program (IDMP) at UCSF. Available from:\n https:\/\/idmp.ucsf.edu [accessed: February 28,\n 2025]."},{"key":"R68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fewel N. Vancomycin area under the curves estimated with\n pharmacokinetic equations using trough-only data. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2021; 46:\n 1426\u20131432.","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.13474"},{"key":"R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dalla Zuanna P, Curci D, Lucaf\u00f2 M, et al. Preanalytical stability of\n 13 antibiotics in biological samples: a crucial factor for therapeutic drug\n monitoring. Antibiotics 2024; 13: 675.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13070675"},{"key":"R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng X, Ma J, Su J. An overview of analytical methodologies for\n determination of vancomycin in human plasma. Molecules 2022; 27:\n 7319.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27217319"},{"key":"R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hagihara M, Sutherland C, Nicolau DP. Development of HPLC methods\n for the determination of vancomycin in human plasma, mouse serum and\n bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. J Chromatogr Sci. 2013; 51:\n 201\u2013207.","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/bms128"},{"key":"R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brozmanov\u00e1 H, Kaci\u0159ov\u00e1 I, U\u0159inovsk\u00e1 R, et al. New liquid\n chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for routine TDM of vancomycin in\n patients with both normal and impaired renal functions and comparison with\n results of polarization fluoroimmunoassay in light of varying creatinine\n concentrations. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 469: 136\u2013143.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2017.04.003"},{"key":"R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benk\u0151 R, Matuz M, Hajd\u00fa E, et al. Antibiotic use in the Hungarian\n hospitals in the last two decades (1996\u20132015). [Hazai k\u00f3rh\u00e1zi\n antibiotikum-alkalmaz\u00e1s az elm\u00falt k\u00e9t \u00e9vtizedben (1996\u20132015).] Orv Hetil. 2016;\n 157: 1839\u20131846. [Hungarian]","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2016.30523"}],"container-title":["Orvosi Hetilap"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/650\/166\/17\/article-p638.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/650\/166\/17\/article-p638.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.akjournals.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/650\/166\/17\/article-p638.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:47:47Z","timestamp":1785412067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/650\/166\/17\/article-p638.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/650.2025.33279","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-6002","1788-6120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-6002","type":"print"},{"value":"1788-6120","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]]}}}